Abstract
The hyperosmotic regulation of adult Cladocera is determined mainly by the amount of salts consumed with the food and by reabsorption of salts in cells of the nuchal (neck) organ. The hypoosmotic regulation both in adults and embryos is determined mainly by excretion of salts in special epipodite cells or in cells of the nuchal (neck) organ. The salinity of the Aral sea for the last 30 years increased from 8–10‰ to 26–28‰ which led to changes in the Cladocera fauna. At present only 4 species of Cladocera inhabit the Aral sea instead of 14 species that were previously found. These changes are in agreement with osmoregulation capacities of Cladocera.
Note added in proof: Since this paper was accepted for publication, all Cladocera have disappeared from the Aral Sea. This happened when salinity reached 30–32‰. This disappearance was predicted by and agrees with earlier laboratory experiments with Aral Sea Cladocera (Aladin, 1982b).
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References
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Aladin, N.V. (1991). Salinity tolerance and morphology of the osmoregulation organs in Cladocera with special reference to Cladocera from the Aral sea. In: Kořínek, V., Frey, D.G. (eds) Biology of Cladocera. Developments in Hydrobiology, vol 71. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0918-7_28
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0918-7_28
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