Skip to main content

Part of the book series: Philosophy and Medicine ((ASBP,volume 74))

  • 121 Accesses

Abstract

In both national and international bioethics there is a distortion of the nature and scope of our bioethics conversation. This distortion impedes the fruitfulness of initial discussions and efforts to build international bioethics consensus. As I will argue, the distortion lies in the assumption about the nature of human persons that affects so much of our thinking. In this essay in honor of Dr. Hoshino, I want to explore the impediments to and make some recommendations for international moral discourse. This will be done first by examining American bioethics discourse, then international critiques of our discourse, some characteristics of Japanese culture that can assist the international bioethics discussion, and finally, some recommendations.

“In my book, if you’re going to touch someone, you must only do it with intent to heal.”

— Tim Cardigan, S.J. (Nalty, 1994, p. 49).

“Men are free when they belong to a living, organic, believing community, active in fulfilling some unfulfilled, perhaps unrealized purpose.”

— D. H. Lawrence (Rorty, 1995, p. 86).

“Mankind was my business. The common welfare was my business; charity, mercy, forbearance, and benevolence were all my business. The dealings of my trade were but a drop of water in the comprehensive ocean of my business.”

— Marley’s Ghost to Scrooge (Irving, 1990, p. 238).

The Editors, with great sorrow, note the passing of a friend, colleague, and contributor to this volume. David Thomasma died in April, 2002.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Anonymous (1995). ‘Fight erupts on Geraldo set; nose broken again.’ The Chicago Tribune, May 16, Sec 1:2.

    Google Scholar 

  • Axelrod, A. and Philips, C. (1992). What Every American Should Know About American History. Holbrook: Bob Adams Publishing Co, Inc.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beauchamp, T. and Childress, J. (1994). The Principles of Biomedical Ethics, 4th ed. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Beyond Autonomy’ (1995). Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 4, a thematic issue.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brown, K. (1992). ‘Death and access: Ethics in cross-cultural health care.’ In: E. Friedman (Ed.), Choices and Conflict. Chicago: American Hospital Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • Brueggemann, W. (1995). ‘Othering — Random thoughts on covenant,’ Explorations 9, 8.

    Google Scholar 

  • D’Andrade, R.G. (1984). ‘Cultural meaning systems.’ In: R.A. Shweder and R. Levine (Eds.), Culture Theory: Essays on Mind. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Douglas, M. (1983). ‘Morality and culture.’ Ethics 93, 786–791.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Editorial (1994). ‘Pushing human rights in Asia.’ Chicago Tribune Nov. 18, Sec 1:28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Engelhardt, H. T., Jr. (1986). The Foundations of Bioethics, 1st ed. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Engelhardt, H. T., Jr. (1991). Bioethics and Secular Humanism. Valley Forge: Trinity Press International.

    Google Scholar 

  • Engelhardt, H.T., Jr. (1996). The Foundations of Bioethics, 2nd ed. New York: Oxford University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fabrega, H. (1989). ‘Cultural relativism and psychiatric illness.’ Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 177, 415–424.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Geertz, C. (1984). `Anti Anti-relativism.’ American Anthropologist 86, 263–278.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gergen, K. (1990). ‘Social understanding and conceptions of the self.’ In: J.W. Stigler, R.A.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shroder, and G. Herdt (Eds.), Cultural Psychology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Graber, G.C. and Thomasma, D.C. (1989). Theory and Practice in Medical Ethics. New York: Continuum Books.

    Google Scholar 

  • Griffiths, P. (1995). ‘Now Beethoven. Musical events.’ The New Yorker Oct. 2, 101–102.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hatch, E. (1983). Culture and Morality: The Relativity of Values in Anthropology. New York: Columbia University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoshino, K. (1992). ‘Bioethics in Japan: 1989–1991.’ In: B.A. Lustig, H.T. Engelhardt, Jr. and L.B. McCullough (Eds.), Bioethics Yearbook, 2nd volume. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoshino, K. (1995). ‘Autonomous decision making and Japanese tradition.’ Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 4, 71–74.

    Google Scholar 

  • Irving, J. (1990). A Prayer for Owen Meany. New York: Ballantine Books. (Originally quoted from Charles Dickens, A Christmas Story.)

    Google Scholar 

  • Komarow, S. (1995). ‘Grief, quiet pride amid “Museum of Destruction”.’ USA Today Jan. 18, 3A.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lasch, C. (1995). The Revolt of the Elites and the Betrayal of Democracy. New York: W.W. Norton.

    Google Scholar 

  • Loewy, E. (1995). ‘Care ethics: A concept in search of a framework.’ Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 4, 56–63.

    Google Scholar 

  • Loewy, E. (1991). Suffering and the Beneficent Community: Beyond Libertarianism. New York: University of New York Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Maclntyre, A. (1984). After Virtue, Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press. Marshall, P.A. (1992). ‘Anthropology and bioethics.’ Anthropology Quarterly 6, 49–73.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marshall, P.A., Thomasma, D.C. and Bergsma, J. (1994). ‘Intercultural reasoning: The challenge for international bioethics.’ Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 3, 321–328.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morikawa, I. (1994). ‘Patient’s rights in Japan: Progress and resistance.’ Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 4, 337–344.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nalty, K.H. (1994)., ‘Studying God’s creation: Jesuit profile.’ Georgetown Magazine 26, 49.

    Google Scholar 

  • Orona, C.J., Koenig, B.A. and Davis, A.J. (1994). ‘Cultural aspects of nondisclosure.’ Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 3, 338–346.

    Google Scholar 

  • Parens, E. (1995). ‘The pluralist constellation.’ Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 4, 197–206.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Paris, J.J. and McCormick, R.A. (1987). ‘The Catholic tradition on the use of nutrition and fluids.’ America May 2, 356–361.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pellegrino, E.D. and Thomasma, D.C. (1981). A Philosophical Basis of Medical Practice. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pellegrino, E.D. and Thomasma, D.C. (1988). For the Patient’s Good: The Restoration of Beneficence in Health Care. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pellegrino, E.D. and Thomasma, D.C. (1993). The Virtues in Medical Practice. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Remnick, D. (1995). ‘Reading Japan.’ The New Yorker 70, 38–44.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rorty, R. (1995). ‘Two cheers for elitism.’ The New Yorker 70, 86–89.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spiro, M.E. (1986). ‘Cultural relativism and the future of anthropology.’ Cultural Anthropology 1, 259–286.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thomasma, D.C. and Marshall, P.A. (1995). Clinical Medical Ethics: Cases and Readings. Rockville: University Press of America.

    Google Scholar 

  • Unknown (1993a). ‘Human rights took a beating in 1992: Group condemns 100 nations for torture.’ The Chicago Tribune July 9, Sec 1:2.

    Google Scholar 

  • Unknown (1993b). ‘U.N. paper on rights is criticized.’ The Chicago Tribune June 3, Sec 1:14. Unknown (1993c). ‘Conference resolves dispute over rights.’ The Chicago Tribune June 20, Sec 1:14.

    Google Scholar 

  • Veatch, R.M. (1989). Cross Cultural Perspectives in Medical Ethics: Readings. Boston: Jones and Bartlett Publishers.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vernacchio, L. (1995). ‘Depersonalizing the medical student.’ America Feb. 25, 16–18.

    Google Scholar 

  • Washington Post News Service (1993). ‘U.N. Parley backs human rights office.’ The Sacramento Bee Final June 26, A10.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weisstub, D. and Smith, J.C. (1979). ‘The evolution of Western legal consciousness.’ International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 215–234.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2002 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Thomasma, D.C. (2002). The Challenge of Doing International Bioethics. In: Engelhardt, H.T., Rasmussen, L.M. (eds) Bioethics and Moral Content: National Traditions of Health Care Morality. Philosophy and Medicine, vol 74. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0902-6_12

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0902-6_12

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-90-481-5658-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-017-0902-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics