Abstract
In both national and international bioethics there is a distortion of the nature and scope of our bioethics conversation. This distortion impedes the fruitfulness of initial discussions and efforts to build international bioethics consensus. As I will argue, the distortion lies in the assumption about the nature of human persons that affects so much of our thinking. In this essay in honor of Dr. Hoshino, I want to explore the impediments to and make some recommendations for international moral discourse. This will be done first by examining American bioethics discourse, then international critiques of our discourse, some characteristics of Japanese culture that can assist the international bioethics discussion, and finally, some recommendations.
“In my book, if you’re going to touch someone, you must only do it with intent to heal.”
— Tim Cardigan, S.J. (Nalty, 1994, p. 49).
“Men are free when they belong to a living, organic, believing community, active in fulfilling some unfulfilled, perhaps unrealized purpose.”
— D. H. Lawrence (Rorty, 1995, p. 86).
“Mankind was my business. The common welfare was my business; charity, mercy, forbearance, and benevolence were all my business. The dealings of my trade were but a drop of water in the comprehensive ocean of my business.”
— Marley’s Ghost to Scrooge (Irving, 1990, p. 238).
The Editors, with great sorrow, note the passing of a friend, colleague, and contributor to this volume. David Thomasma died in April, 2002.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Anonymous (1995). ‘Fight erupts on Geraldo set; nose broken again.’ The Chicago Tribune, May 16, Sec 1:2.
Axelrod, A. and Philips, C. (1992). What Every American Should Know About American History. Holbrook: Bob Adams Publishing Co, Inc.
Beauchamp, T. and Childress, J. (1994). The Principles of Biomedical Ethics, 4th ed. New York: Oxford University Press.
Beyond Autonomy’ (1995). Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 4, a thematic issue.
Brown, K. (1992). ‘Death and access: Ethics in cross-cultural health care.’ In: E. Friedman (Ed.), Choices and Conflict. Chicago: American Hospital Association.
Brueggemann, W. (1995). ‘Othering — Random thoughts on covenant,’ Explorations 9, 8.
D’Andrade, R.G. (1984). ‘Cultural meaning systems.’ In: R.A. Shweder and R. Levine (Eds.), Culture Theory: Essays on Mind. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Douglas, M. (1983). ‘Morality and culture.’ Ethics 93, 786–791.
Editorial (1994). ‘Pushing human rights in Asia.’ Chicago Tribune Nov. 18, Sec 1:28.
Engelhardt, H. T., Jr. (1986). The Foundations of Bioethics, 1st ed. New York: Oxford University Press.
Engelhardt, H. T., Jr. (1991). Bioethics and Secular Humanism. Valley Forge: Trinity Press International.
Engelhardt, H.T., Jr. (1996). The Foundations of Bioethics, 2nd ed. New York: Oxford University.
Fabrega, H. (1989). ‘Cultural relativism and psychiatric illness.’ Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease 177, 415–424.
Geertz, C. (1984). `Anti Anti-relativism.’ American Anthropologist 86, 263–278.
Gergen, K. (1990). ‘Social understanding and conceptions of the self.’ In: J.W. Stigler, R.A.
Shroder, and G. Herdt (Eds.), Cultural Psychology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Graber, G.C. and Thomasma, D.C. (1989). Theory and Practice in Medical Ethics. New York: Continuum Books.
Griffiths, P. (1995). ‘Now Beethoven. Musical events.’ The New Yorker Oct. 2, 101–102.
Hatch, E. (1983). Culture and Morality: The Relativity of Values in Anthropology. New York: Columbia University Press.
Hoshino, K. (1992). ‘Bioethics in Japan: 1989–1991.’ In: B.A. Lustig, H.T. Engelhardt, Jr. and L.B. McCullough (Eds.), Bioethics Yearbook, 2nd volume. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers.
Hoshino, K. (1995). ‘Autonomous decision making and Japanese tradition.’ Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 4, 71–74.
Irving, J. (1990). A Prayer for Owen Meany. New York: Ballantine Books. (Originally quoted from Charles Dickens, A Christmas Story.)
Komarow, S. (1995). ‘Grief, quiet pride amid “Museum of Destruction”.’ USA Today Jan. 18, 3A.
Lasch, C. (1995). The Revolt of the Elites and the Betrayal of Democracy. New York: W.W. Norton.
Loewy, E. (1995). ‘Care ethics: A concept in search of a framework.’ Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 4, 56–63.
Loewy, E. (1991). Suffering and the Beneficent Community: Beyond Libertarianism. New York: University of New York Press.
Maclntyre, A. (1984). After Virtue, Notre Dame, IN: University of Notre Dame Press. Marshall, P.A. (1992). ‘Anthropology and bioethics.’ Anthropology Quarterly 6, 49–73.
Marshall, P.A., Thomasma, D.C. and Bergsma, J. (1994). ‘Intercultural reasoning: The challenge for international bioethics.’ Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 3, 321–328.
Morikawa, I. (1994). ‘Patient’s rights in Japan: Progress and resistance.’ Kennedy Institute of Ethics Journal 4, 337–344.
Nalty, K.H. (1994)., ‘Studying God’s creation: Jesuit profile.’ Georgetown Magazine 26, 49.
Orona, C.J., Koenig, B.A. and Davis, A.J. (1994). ‘Cultural aspects of nondisclosure.’ Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 3, 338–346.
Parens, E. (1995). ‘The pluralist constellation.’ Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 4, 197–206.
Paris, J.J. and McCormick, R.A. (1987). ‘The Catholic tradition on the use of nutrition and fluids.’ America May 2, 356–361.
Pellegrino, E.D. and Thomasma, D.C. (1981). A Philosophical Basis of Medical Practice. New York: Oxford University Press.
Pellegrino, E.D. and Thomasma, D.C. (1988). For the Patient’s Good: The Restoration of Beneficence in Health Care. New York: Oxford University Press.
Pellegrino, E.D. and Thomasma, D.C. (1993). The Virtues in Medical Practice. New York: Oxford University Press.
Remnick, D. (1995). ‘Reading Japan.’ The New Yorker 70, 38–44.
Rorty, R. (1995). ‘Two cheers for elitism.’ The New Yorker 70, 86–89.
Spiro, M.E. (1986). ‘Cultural relativism and the future of anthropology.’ Cultural Anthropology 1, 259–286.
Thomasma, D.C. and Marshall, P.A. (1995). Clinical Medical Ethics: Cases and Readings. Rockville: University Press of America.
Unknown (1993a). ‘Human rights took a beating in 1992: Group condemns 100 nations for torture.’ The Chicago Tribune July 9, Sec 1:2.
Unknown (1993b). ‘U.N. paper on rights is criticized.’ The Chicago Tribune June 3, Sec 1:14. Unknown (1993c). ‘Conference resolves dispute over rights.’ The Chicago Tribune June 20, Sec 1:14.
Veatch, R.M. (1989). Cross Cultural Perspectives in Medical Ethics: Readings. Boston: Jones and Bartlett Publishers.
Vernacchio, L. (1995). ‘Depersonalizing the medical student.’ America Feb. 25, 16–18.
Washington Post News Service (1993). ‘U.N. Parley backs human rights office.’ The Sacramento Bee Final June 26, A10.
Weisstub, D. and Smith, J.C. (1979). ‘The evolution of Western legal consciousness.’ International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 215–234.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2002 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Thomasma, D.C. (2002). The Challenge of Doing International Bioethics. In: Engelhardt, H.T., Rasmussen, L.M. (eds) Bioethics and Moral Content: National Traditions of Health Care Morality. Philosophy and Medicine, vol 74. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0902-6_12
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0902-6_12
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-90-481-5658-0
Online ISBN: 978-94-017-0902-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive