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Applied Micropalaeontology pp 1–39Cite as

Recent Coccolith Sedimentation Patterns and Transport in the North Sea: Implications for Palaeoceanographic Studies of Marginal and Continental Shelf Seas

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Abstract

Ten species of Recent coccolith occur in the sediments of the North Sea. The assemblages are dominated by Emiliania huxleyi, which frequently forms >90% of the total flora. Coccolith abundance and diversity in the sediments decreases from north to south, reflecting the decreasing Atlantic influence and increasing tidal current velocities in the overlying waters. South of latitude 55°N, Recent coccoliths are either rare or absent in the sediments. The coccolith assemblages in the sediments are supplied from Atlantic water which flows into the North Sea between Shetland and Norway.

Recent marginal sea coccolith assemblages are distinguished from their open-oceanic counterparts mainly by an increase in dominance of one or two species. The Asian marginal seas of the western Pacific and Indian oceans are characterized by a dominance of Gephyrocapsa oceanica, whereas E. huxleyi is usually rare. In contrast, Atlantic Ocean marginal seas from the tropics to the subarctic, are distinguished by a dominance of E. huxleyi, whereas Gephyrocapsa species are either rare or absent. These variations in dominance of E. huxleyi and G. oceanica are attributed to changes in water fertility and stratification. G. oceanica favors low-latitude, nutrient-enriched marginal seas which are influenced by monsoons. E. huxleyi prefers low to medium fertility, highly stratified seas and marginal basins with lagoonal circulation patterns (e.g. northern Red Sea and the Mediterranean).

Ancient marginal sea assemblages are often difficult to discern from oceanic assemblages because they may contain similar dominant coccolith species (e.g. Watznaueria and Ellipsagelosphaera). However some marginal nannofossil assemblages may be distinguished by an increase in density and diversity of noncoccolith nannofossils (e.g. nannoconids).

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    Simon D. Houghton

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    David Graham Jenkins

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Houghton, S.D. (1993). Recent Coccolith Sedimentation Patterns and Transport in the North Sea: Implications for Palaeoceanographic Studies of Marginal and Continental Shelf Seas. In: Jenkins, D.G. (eds) Applied Micropalaeontology. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0763-3_1

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