Adjoint Equations and Models of General Circulation of Atmosphere and Ocean

Abstract

Climatic change is one of the most complex problems science is facing nowadays, since all too many processes contribute to climate: hydrodynamical currents, turbulent exchange, interaction of processes in the atmosphere and the ocean, radiation regime of the system, phase transformations of the water releasing or absorbing heat, and many others. Moreover, the hydrothermodynamical processes in the atmosphere and the ocean are utterly nonlinear and unstable, and even small perturbations may cause the loss of stability of problem solutions. Unstable motions usually resolve as wave motions of a cyclone scale in the atmosphere and as mesoscale vortices in the ocean. All told, this makes precalculation of climatic changes an extremely difficult job.