Abstract
The mouthparts of Tarsonemus nodosus Schaarschmidt, 1959 were studied by means of transmission and scanning electron microscopy. The gnathosoma, elongated and conically shaped, has a cheliceral stylophore fully integrated with the subcapitulum to build up a gnathosomal capsule. A dorsomedian apodeme, the vestige of coalesced axial walls of the cheliceral bases, is evident. Modified and fused fixed digits form a dorsal cover of the distal part of the subcapitulum. The movable digits are tiny and stylet-like, each proximally connected to a cheliceral lever. Stylets slide, anteriorly, into two cheliceral sleeves located in the ventral region of the fixed digits; the subcapitulum is provided distally with folds to accommodate the cheliceral stylets. Stylet movement is due to the cheliceral lever where retractor and protractor muscles are inserted. In cheliceral stylet cross sections up to five sensorial structures are detected. The subcapitulum presents a pre-oral groove where variously shaped ridges and furrows are precisely adapted to the corresponding ones of the labrum, such that the food channel is hermetically sealed. Moreover, the dorsal rims of the subcapitulum and the ventral processes of the fixed digits are shaped to assure a tight coalescence. The walls of the pharyngeal chamber appear to be very much electrondense; the pharynx shows only proximally an elastic dorsal surface where dilator muscles are inserted to effect a pump mechanism. The gnathosoma is provided distally with several sensorial structures. According to the gnathosomal general anatomy, a functional interpretation is proposed and compared with that of other phytophagous mites.
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Nuzzaci, G., Di Palma, A., Magowski, W.L., Aldini, P. (2002). Mouthparts of Tarsonemus nodosus Schaarschmidt, 1959 (Acari: Tarsonemidae): fine structure and functional morphology. In: Bernini, F., Nannelli, R., Nuzzaci, G., de Lillo, E. (eds) Acarid Phylogeny and Evolution: Adaptation in Mites and Ticks. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0611-7_28
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0611-7_28
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