Abstract
Measurements of atmospheric CO2 during the 1980s suggest that from the estimated 7.1 Gt C released by man (5 4±0.3 Gt C from fossil fuel and 1.7±0.9 Gt C from land-use change and deforestation) only 3.3±0.1 Gt C is found back in the atmosphere. From this amount 1.9±0.6 Gt C is absorbed by the oceans. The remaining 1.7 Gt is what is commonly and misleadingly referred to as the missing sink, and is increasingly allocated to the terrestrial surfaces of the Northern hemisphere (e.g., Bousquet et al., 2000; Fan et al., 1998).
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Birdsey, R.A. (1992) Carbon storage and accumulation in U.S. forest ecosystems, USDA Forest Service General Technical Report WO-59
Bousquet, P., Peylin, P., Ciais, P., le Quere, C., Friedlingstein, P and Tans, P. (2000) Regional changes in carbon dioxide fluxes of land and oceans since 1980. Science 290, 1342–1346.
Brown, S., Sathaye, J., Cannell, M., and Kauppi, P. (1996) Management of forests for mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions (Chapter 24). In: R.T. Watson, M.C. Zinyowera, R.H. Moss and D.J. Dokken. (Eds.), Climate Change 1995. Contribution of Working Group II. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK, 773–797.
Ciais, P., Tan, P.P., Trolier, M., White, J.W.C. and Francy, R.J. (1995) A large northern hemisphere terrestrial CO2 sink indicated by 13C/12C of atmospheric CO2. Science 269, 1098–1102.
Cole, C.V., Duxbury, J., Freney, J., Heinemeyer, O., Minami, K., Mosier, A., Paustian, K., Rosenberg, N., Sampson, N., Sauerbeck, D. and Zhao, Q. (1996) Agricultural options for mitigation of greenhouse gas emissions. In: Watson, R.T., Zinyowera, M.C. Moss R.H. and Dokken. D.J. (eds.) Climate Change 1995. Impacts, Adaptations, and Mitigation of Climate Change: Scientific-Technical Analysis. Cambridge University Press, 745–771.
Cox, P.M., Betts, R.A., Jones, C.D., Spall, S.A. and Totterdell, I.J. (2000) Acceleration of global warming due to carbon cycle feedbacks in a coupled climate model. Nature 408, 184–187.
Cramer, W., et al. (1999) Comparing global models of terrestrial net primary productivity (NPP): overview and key results. Glob. Change. Biol., 5, 1–15.
Dolman, A., Moors, E.J., Elbers, J.A. and Kruijt, B. (2000) Inter-annual variability in CO2 exchange of a mid latitude temperate pine forest. Proceedings of the first ASIA-Flux conference. Sapporo.
Fan, S., Gloor, M., Mahlman, J., Pacala, S, Sarmiento, J. Takahashi, T. and Tans, P. (1998) A large terrestrial carbon sink in North America implied by atmospheric and oceanic carbon dioxide data and model. Science 282, 442–446.
FAO (2000) FAOSTAT Agricultural Database. Internet http://www.fao.org
FAO (1990) FAOCLIM Global Weather Database. Agrometeorology group, Remote Sensing Centre.
Friedlingstein, P, Bopp, L., Ciais, P., Dufresne, J-L., Fairhead, L., LeTreut, H., Monfray, P and Orr, J. (2001) Positive feedback between future climate change and the carbon cycle. Geophys. Res. Letters, 28: (8), 1543–1546.
Giardina, C.P and Ryan, M.G. (2000) Evidence that decomposition rates of organic carbon in mineral soil do not vary with temperature. Nature 404, 858–861.
Houghton, R.A., Hackler, J.L., Lawrence, K.T. (1999) The US carbon budget: contributions from land use change. Science 285, 574.
IPCC Second Assessment Report (1996) Climate Change 1995: Impacts, Adaptations and Mitigation of Climate Change: Scientific-Technical Analyses. Contribution of working group II to the Second Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. University Press, Cambridge, UK.
IPCC (2000) Land Use, Land Use Change and Forestry. R.T. Watson, I. R. Noble, B. Bolin, N.H. Ravindranath, D.J. Verardo and D.J. Dokken (eds.). A Special report of the IPCC. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, UK.
Jarvis, P.G., Dolman, A.J., Schulze, E.-D., Matteucci, G., Kowalski, A.S., Ceulemans, R, Rebmann, C., Moors, E.J., Granier. A., Gross, P., Jensen, N.O., Pilegaard, K., Lindroth, A., Grelle, A., Bernhofer, Ch., Grnwald, T., Aubinet, M., Vesala, T., Rannik,., Berbigier, P., Loustau, D., Gudmundsson, J., Ibrom, A., Morgenstern, K., Clement, R., Moncrieff, J., Montagnani, L., Minerbi, S. and Valentini, R. (2001) Carbon balance gradient in European forests: should we doubt the surprising results? A reply to Piovesan and Adaman. J. Veget. Sci. 12, 145–150.
Kaminski, T, Heimann, M., Giering, R. (1999). A coarse grid three dimensional global inverse model of the atmospheric transport. 1. Adjoint model and Jacobian matrix. J Geophys. Res. 104, 18535–18553.
Karjalainen, T. (1996) Dynamics of the carbon flow through forest ecosystem and the potential of carbon sequestration in forests and wood products in Finland. Research Notes Faculty of Forestry, University of Joensuu, Finland Academic dissertation.
Karjalainen, T., Liski, J., Nabuurs, G.J. and Pussinen, A. (In press.) An approach towards an estimate of the impact of forest management and climate change on the European forest sector carbon budget Presentation held at Potsdam, NIMA conference.
Kauppi, P.E., and Tomppo, E (1993) Impact of forests on net national emissions of carbon dioxide in West Europe. Water Air and Soil Pollution 70, 187–196.
Kauppi, P.E., Mielikainen, K. and Kuusela, K (1992) Biomass and carbon budget of European forests, 1971 to 1990. Science 256, 70–74.
Köhl, M. and Païvinen, R. (1997) European Union, Study on European forestry information and communication systems, vol. 1, 2, Brussels, Belgium.
Kurz, W.A., and Apps, M.J. (1999) A 70-year retrospective analysis of carbon fluxes in the Canadian forest sector, Ecological Applications, 9 (2), 526–547
Kramer, K., Leinonen, I., Bartelink, H.H., Cienciala, E., Froer, O., Gracia, C.A., Hari, P., Kellomki, S., Loustau, D., Magnani, F., Matteucci, G., Nissinen, A., Sabat, S., Sanchez, A., Sonntag, M., Berbigier, P., Bernhofer, C., Dolman, A.J. Moors, E.J. Jans, W.A. Granier, A., Grnwald, T., Valentini, R. Vesala, T. and Mohren, G.M.J. Evaluation of 6 process-based forest growth models based on eddy-coviance measurements of CO2 and H2O fluxes at 6 forest sites in Europe. Global Change Biol. in press
Lindroth, A., Grelle, A., and Moren, A.S. (1998) Long term measurements of boreal forest carbon balance reveal large temperature sensitivity. Global Change Biol. 4, 443–450.
Martin P., Valentini, R., Jaqcues, M., Fabbri, K., Galati, D., Quarantino, R., Moncrief, J.B., Jarvis, P., Jensen, NO., Lindroth, A., Grelle, A., Aubinet, M., Celemans, R., Kowalski, A.S., Vesala, T., Keronen, P., matteuci, G., Granier, A., Berbingier, P., Lousteau, D., Schulze, E.D., Tenhunen, J., Rebman, C., Dolman, A.J., Elbers, J.E., Bernhofer, C., Grunwald, T. and Thorgeirson, H.., 1998. New estimate of the Carbon sink strength of EU forests integrating flux measurements, field surveys and space observations. Ambio 27, 582–584.
Nabuurs G.J., Païvinen, R. Sikkema, R., and Mohren, G.M.J. (1997) The role of European forests in the global carbon cycle — a review, Biomass and Bioenergy, 13 (6), 345–358.
Nadelhoffer, K.J., Emmett, B.A., Gundersen, P., Kjnaas, O.J., Koopmans, C.J., Schleppi, P., Tietema, A., and Wright, R.F. (1999) Nitrogen deposition makes a minor contribution to carbon sequestration in temperate forests. Nature 398, 145–148.
Nilsson, S., Shvidenko, A., Stolbovoi, V., Gluck, M., Jonas, M. and Obersteiner, M. (2000) Full carbon account for Russia IIASA Interim Report IR-00–021. Laxenburg, Austria.
Piovesan, G. and Adams, J.M. (2000) Carbon balance gradient in European forests: intepreting EUROFLUX. J. Veg. Sci. 11, 923–926.
Rayner, P.J. and Law, R.M. (1999) The internannual variability of the global carbon cycle. Tellus Ser B 51, 210–212.
Sampson, R.N., Scholes, R.J., Cern, C., Erda, L., Hall, D.O., Handa, M., Hill, P., Howden, M., Janzen, H., Kimble, J., Lal, R., Marland, G., Minami, K., Paustian, K., Read, P., Sanchez, P.A., Scoppa, C., Solberg, B., Trossero, M.A., Trumbore, S., Van Cleemput, O., Whitmore, A. and Xu, D. (2000) Additional Human-induced Activities — Article 3.4. pp. 181–281, In R.T. Watson et al. (eds.) Land Use, Land-use Change, and Forestry. A Special Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press.
Schimel, D., Melillo, D, et al. 2000. Contributions of increasing CO2 and climate to carbon storage by ecosystems in the United States. Science 287, 2004–2006.
Schulze, E.D., Höborg, P., Oene van, O., Persson, T., Harrison, A.F., Read, D., Kjller, A., and Matteucci, G. (2000) Interactions between the carbon and nitrogen cycle and the role of biodiversity: a synopsis of a study along a north-south transect through Europe, 468–491, in E.D. Schulze, (ed.) Carbon and nitrogen cycling in European forest ecosystems. Springer Verlag, Heidelberg.
Schulze, E.D. (Editor) (2000) Carbon and Nitrogen cycling in European forest ecosystems. Ecological Studies 142, Springer Verlag, Heidelberg.
Schulze, E.D., Wirth, C., and Heimann. M. (2000) Managing forests after Kyoto. Science 289, 2058–2059.
Tomppo, E. (1996) Multi source national forest inventory of Finland In: R. Pivinen, J. Vanclay and S. Miina (eds.), New thrusts in Forest Inventory. EFI proceedings No 7, 27–41
UN-ECE/FAO (2000) Temperate and Boreal Forest Resource Assessment 2000, Vol I, United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, Food and Agriculture Organization, Geneva, Rome, 2000, 102–142
Valentini, R., Mateucci, G, Dolman, A.J., Schulze, E.D., Rebman, C., Moors, E.J., Granier, A., Gross, P., Jensen, N.O., Pilegaard, K., Lindroth, A., Grelle, A., Bernhofer, C., Grunwald, T., Aubinet, M., Ceulemans, R., Kowalski, A.S., Vesala, T., Rannik, U., Berbigier, P., Lousteau, D., Gundmundson, J., Thorgeirsson, H., Ibrom, A., Morgenstern, K., Clement, R, Moncrieff, J., Mantagna, L. and Jarvis, P.G. (2000) Respiration as the main determinant of carbon balance in European forests. Nature 404, 861–865.
Vleeshouwers, L. M. and A. Verhagen. 2002. Carbon emission and sequestration by agricultural land use: a model study for Europe, Global Change Biology 8 (6), 519–530.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2003 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Dolman, A.J. et al. (2003). Land Use and Terrestrial Carbon Sinks. In: Dolman, A.J., Verhagen, A., Rovers, C.A. (eds) Global Environmental Change and Land Use. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0335-2_5
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0335-2_5
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-90-481-6308-3
Online ISBN: 978-94-017-0335-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive