Abstract
Baptismal theology, comprehensively set out by Richard Hooker in the fifth book of the Lawes, reveals the independence of his thought, and serves to highlight the critical departures he makes from a rigorous application of Calvinist and Anabaptist thinking. This paper seeks to offer a consideration of Hooker’s discussion of baptism and, more particularly, the linkages he makes between grace, sin, and nature. The Lawes reveal the breadth and generosity of Hooker’ s spiritual affections and commitments, and may, in part, account for the permanence of his work where many of his contemporaries have not survived in print.
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References
W. David Neelands, “The Theology of Grace of Richard Hooker,” (PhD thesis, Trinity College and University of Toronto, 1988), 278ff.
Of the Lawes of Ecclesiastical Polities: Preface, Books I to IV, edited by Georges Edelen, in The Folger Library Edition of the Works of Richard Hooker, gen. ed. W. Speed Hill (Cambridge, MA: The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1977), IV.14.5; 1:340.11–22
See Eccles. 4:9. Egil Grislis, “The Anglican Spirituality of Richard Hooker,” Toronto Journal of Theology 12, no. 1 (1996): 39
Lawes IV.1.4; 1:276.14–20
Calvin, Inst. IV. 14. 20
Inst. IV.19.6
Inst. IV.19.6
Lawes V.49.2, 3; 2:203.9–30
Lawes V.57.4; 2:246.20–247.2
Lawes V.57.1; 2:244.28–245.9
Inst. IV.17.32
Lawes V.57.2; 2:245.17ff.
This raises no difficulty for Hooker because nature and grace are not in opposition, rather sin and grace. The natural order is the only order sensate persons can use to posit the possibilities of a heavenly order. Hence the physicality of the sacramental elements though not absolute in themselves, takes on an importance which is incarnationally related to the order of existence.
Lawes V.57.2, 3; 2:245.20–246.7
Lawes V.57.5; 2:247.12
The Complete Writings of Menno Simons, edited by J. C. Wenger, translated by Leonard Verduin (Scottsdale, PA: Herald Press, 1956), 266
This point is also made by Grislis in tracking the distinctions of Menno and Luther. Menno is also clear that “… the Holy Spirit does not operate nor reveal Himself to be in [children], and since they cannot serve in the body of Christ as is required by the Word of God… therefore they should not be baptised.” Menno Simons, Complete Writings, 274
Inst. IV.16.17
Inst. IV.16.20
Egil Grislis, “Calvin’s Doctrine of Baptism,” Church History 31.1 (March 1962): 56
Lawes V.57.5; 2:247.5–8
Lawes V.57.4; 2:247.1
Lawes V.57.6; 2:248.2
Lawes V.57.6; 2:248.7
Lawes V.58.3; 2:250.3–14
Lawes V.58.4; 2:250.17
Lawes V.58.4; 2:251.1–4
Lawes V.60.1; 2:254.1
Lawes V.60.3; 2:255.13–256.1
Lawes V.60.3; 2:256.18–26
ACL, ed. John E. Booty, FLE 4:45.4
Lawes V.57.6; 2:248.4
Lawes V.60.5; 2:258.15
Lawes V.60.5; 2:259.7–15
See footnote ‘u’ in Lawes V.60.3; 2:256.24
Lawes V.60.2; 2:255.1–13
Menno Simons, Complete Writings, 242
Egil Grislis, “Martin Luther and Menno Simons on Infant Baptism,” Journal of Mennonite Studies 12 (1994): 14
Lawes V.60.4; 2:257.10
Lawes V.62.21; 2:288.7
Inst. IV.15.22
Menno Simons, Complete Writings, 238
Lawes V.60.6; 2:260.3–8, 15–18
Hooker seems to have misquoted Cartwright on this point. See footnote ‘u’ in Lawes V.61.4; 2:266.21.
Lawes V.60.7; 2:261.14
Lawes V.64.4; 2:267.1–10
Lawes V.61.5; 2:268.14
Menno Simons, Complete Writings, 240
Menno Simons, Complete Writings, 240
Menno Simons, Complete Writings, 280
Menno Simons, Complete Writings, 274
Menno Simons, Complete Writings, 241
Menno Simons, Complete Writings, 266
Menno Simons’s depiction of the church he had just left. Complete Writings, 250
Lawes V.62.15; 2:282.1–14
Menno Simons, Complete Writings, 273
Lawes V.63.1; 2:291.4
See 1 Cor. 7:14
Lawes V.63.2; 2:291.20
Lawes V.63.2; 2:291.22
Lawes V.63.2; 2:292.28
Menno Simons, Complete Writings, 274
Lawes V.62.15; 2:281.3
Lawes V.64.2; 2:294.30–295.26
Lawes V.65.7; 2:307.20
Lawes V.65.6; 2:306.22–307.9
Lawes I.3.2; 1:65.20–33
W. J. Torrance Kirby, The Theology of Richard Hooker in the Context of the Magisterial Reformation ( Princeton: Studies in Reformed Theology and History, Princeton Seminary Press, 2000 ), 21
Lawes V.64.5; 2:298.4–17
Lawes V.65.5; 2:303.25
Lawes V.65.10; 2:310.5–16
Lawes V.65.15; 2:315.9
ACL 4:65.6
ACL 4:67.7
ACL 4:69.25
ACL 4:67.20
Bryan D. Spinks, Two Faces of Elizabethan Anglican Theology: Sacraments and Salvation in the Thought of William Perkins and Richard Hooker (Lanham, MD: The Scarecrow Press, Inc., 1999 ), 147
Spinks, Two Faces of Elizabethan Anglican Theology, 147
Lawes V.65.4; 2:303.2
Lawes V.65.5; 2:303.22–27, 304.7–12
Lawes V.65.5; 2:304.20
Lawes V.65.20; 2:318.29
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Stafford, J.K. (2003). Grace, Sin, and Nature: Richard Hooker’s Theology of Baptism. In: Kirby, W.J.T. (eds) Richard Hooker and the English Reformation. Studies in Early Modern Religious Reforms, vol 2. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0319-2_12
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0319-2_12
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