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Sulphate Assimilation: A Pathway Which Likes to Surprise

  • Chapter
Sulphur in Plants

Abstract

Sulphate assimilation is a pathway used by prokaryotes, fungi and photosynthetic organisms to convert inorganic sulphates to sulphide, which is incorporated into carbon skeletons of amino acids to form cysteine or homocysteine. Our knowledge about the molecular mechanisms and regulation of sulphate assimilation lags behind that of assimilation of carbon and nitrogen. Nevertheless, during the last few years considerable progress has been made in understanding its assimilation. Many of the new findings, however, are rather unexpected and do not fit into the previously established view of this pathway; (a) A detailed biochemical analysis seems to resolve the old question of reduction via bound or free sulphite and the controversy about the reaction mechanism of the enzyme catalyzing APS reduction. The surprising finding of an iron-sulphur cluster bound to the enzyme clearly supports a reductase mechanism and, thus, APS reductase is the correct name for this enzyme. Correspondingly, free sulphite is the reaction product and the bound intermediates are most probably the result of chemical reaction of sulphite with oxidized thiols; (b) Attempts to solve the significance of bundle sheath cell specific distribution of sulphate assimilation in C4 plants failed since the pathway was detected in all cell types in Flaveria trinervia, a C4 dicot plant. (c) A novel type of APS reductase was found in various heterotrophic bacteria, which were believed to require the two step activation of sulphate to PAPS for sulphate reduction. More surprising and unpredicted results can be expected in the near future. This represents quite a challenge and makes the sulphur metabolism an exceptionally exciting field for further investigations.

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  1. Institute of Forest Botany and Tree Physiology, Georges-Köhler-Allee 053, D-79085, Freiburg, Germany

    S. Kopriva & A. Koprivova

  2. Department of Plant Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Schänzlestr. 1, D-79104, Freiburg, Germany

    S. Kopriva & A. Koprivova

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  1. Department of Environmental Botany, Faculty of Science, Hamdard University, New Delhi, India

    Yash P. Abrol  & Altaf Ahmad  & 

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Kopriva, S., Koprivova, A. (2003). Sulphate Assimilation: A Pathway Which Likes to Surprise. In: Abrol, Y.P., Ahmad, A. (eds) Sulphur in Plants. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0289-8_5

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0289-8_5

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