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Plant Peroxisomes pp 259–278Cite as

Peroxisomal Membrane Enzymes

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Abstract

Peroxisomes are enclosed by a single membrane that separates the contents of the organelles from the cytosol and defines them as distinct intracellular entities. This membrane appears to be indiscriminately porous under some conditions while in other situations the membrane is more restrictive and can maintain a pH gradient. The understanding of the functions of this organelle requires knowledge of the properties and enzymatic activities of its membrane. This membrane has a variety of integral proteins that consume NADH and conduct activities that generate superoxide and hydrogen peroxide, as well as activities that participate in ascorbate metabolism. There are two types of peroxide scavengers, ascorbate peroxidase and thiol peroxidase, in the peroxisomal membranes of plants, yeasts, and mammalian cells. In addition, some of the membrane proteins orchestrate the utilization of ATP and GTP to promote protein import and lipid processing in ways that are not well understood. Lipid metabolism in glyoxysomes of seeds and cotyledons involves the passage of fatty acids through the membranes. The resulting gluconeogenic intermediates must exit from the organelles. Likewise, photorespiratory metabolism in leaf peroxisomes requires that metabolites be transported through the membrane. The entry and egress of some metabolites may be throught a pore-forming protein, porin, which may be responsible for variations in membrane permeability.

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  1. George Washington University, Washington DC, USA

    Robert P. Donaldson

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  1. Robert P. Donaldson
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Leeds, Leeds, UK

    Alison Baker

  2. University of York, York, UK

    Ian A. Graham

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Donaldson, R.P. (2002). Peroxisomal Membrane Enzymes. In: Baker, A., Graham, I.A. (eds) Plant Peroxisomes. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9858-3_8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9858-3_8

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