Abstract
The soil of forest ecosystems can function as both, a source and a sink for atmospheric N2O, NO, and even NO2 (e.g. Butterbach-Bahl et al. 1998; Papen and Butterbach-Bahl 1999; Gasche and Papen 1999). The fluxes of NO and N2O observed at the soil/atmosphere interface are the result of simultaneous dynamic production and consumption processes taking place in soils predominantly by microorganisms. The most important microbial processes in soils contributing to fluxes of NO and N2O are nitrification and denitrification, whereas at least for NO2 deposition (consumption) nitrification must be considered to be potentially involved (for details see Chapter 1.1). Furthermore, there is general agreement that besides microbial processes especially for NO physico-chemical processes (e.g. chemodenitrification) may be at least under certain environmental conditions and/or site characteristics of significant importance for the observed NO production and emission (e.g. Conrad et al. 1996; Davidson 1992). The contribution of natural ecosystems like forests to the global budgets of these N-trace gases is still highly uncertain. The reasons for this uncertainty are multiple. The estimates
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are still based on a limited number of data sets from field observations comprising in most cases only sporadic measurements not covering complete seasons and/or years;
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do not differentiate between the contribution of temperate coniferous and deciduous forests to the global N2O and NO emission;
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do not consider direct and indirect anthropogenic factors on N-cycling in forest ecosystems like atmospheric N- input into forest ecosystems and countermeasures against soil acidification as liming of forest soils.
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Gasche, R., Papen, H. (2002). NO, NO2 and N2O. In: Gasche, R., Papen, H., Rennenberg, H. (eds) Trace Gas Exchange in Forest Ecosystems. Tree Physiology, vol 3. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9856-9_6
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