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The Responses of Plants to Pathogens

  • Chapter
Molecular Analysis of Plant Adaptation to the Environment

Part of the book series: Springer Handbook Series of Plant Ecophysiology ((KLEC,volume 1))

Abstract

Some of the most serious and universal challenges faced by plants come from pathogenic microorganisms. These represent highly diverse types of organisms ranging from viruses, bacteria, Oomycetes, protozoa and fungi sensu stricto (ascomycetes, basidiomycetes), see Agrios (1997), for an overview. In addition, aphids and nematodes often induce similar responses in the plant as microorganisms. Plants have responded to this onslaught by evolving a plethora of defence mechanisms. These represent visible physical attributes and inducible alterations in the structure of exposed organs and tissues as well as the more cryptic production of chemicals and proteins which can damage or inhibit the development of the pathogen (see table 1). The defence mechanisms can be induced following the perception of the pathogen, and/or constitutively present in the host (figure 1). Recent advances in molecular techniques have led to an increased understanding of the regulation of the defence mechanisms and the role of different signal transduction pathways in their regulation. The knowledge gained has also led to the demonstration that manipulation (addition, alteration in regulation or removal by antisense technology) of a single defence factor in a plant can alter the outcome of the interaction, for example, resulting in reduced levels of infection by a pathogen (see Cornelissen and Schram, 2000).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Plant Biology, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, 1871-Frederiksberg C, Denmark

    David B. Collinge, Jonas Borch & Mari-Anne Newman

  2. Centro de Investigación en Biología Celular y Molecular (CIBCM), Universidad de Costa Rica San José, Costa Rica

    Kenneth Madriz-Ordeñana

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  1. David B. Collinge
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  1. Agriculture and Environment Division, Institute of Arable Crop Research, Harpenden, UK

    Malcolm J. Hawkesford  & Peter Buchner  & 

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Collinge, D.B., Borch, J., Madriz-Ordeñana, K., Newman, MA. (2001). The Responses of Plants to Pathogens. In: Hawkesford, M.J., Buchner, P. (eds) Molecular Analysis of Plant Adaptation to the Environment. Springer Handbook Series of Plant Ecophysiology, vol 1. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9783-8_7

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