Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Organic Matter and Mineralisation: Thermal Alteration, Hydrocarbon Generation and Role in Metallogenesis pp 314–328Cite as

Minerals in coal

  • Chapter

Abstract

Coal contains variable amounts of largely incombustible mineral matter co-existing with the organic matrix (Bryers, 1996; Crouch, 1994; Gluskoter et al., 1981; Stach et al, 1982; Swaine, 1990; Valkovic, 1983; Vassilev and Vassileva, 1996; Vorres, 1986; Ward, 1986). Mineral matter is generally considered to consist of all the inorganic minerals (discrete phases), as well as all elements (apart from C, H, O, N and S) that are in, or associated with, coal. This definition includes discrete crystalline particles, amorphous mineral phases, inorganic elements chemically bound to the organic material and compounds dissolved in the pore or surface water of the coal. Minerals occur as discrete flakes, grains or aggregates in a number of modes (Bryers, 1996): microscopically disseminated inclusions within organic matter, as layers or partings, as nodules including spherical or lenticular concretions, as fissure/cleat/fracture filling material, and as megascopic rock fragments resulting from faulting or slumping.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   189.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   249.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Berry, L.G. and Mason, B. (1959) Mineralogy: Concepts, Descriptions and Determinations, Freeman, San Francisco, 612 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Botz, R.W. and Hart, G.H. (1983) Mineralogical, petrographical and geochemical investigations of outbursting in Australian coal mines. Proc. Aust. Inst. Min. Metall. 286: 41–49.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bryers, R.W. (1996) Fireside slagging, fouling, and high-temperature corrosion of heat-transfer surface due to impurities in steam-raising fuels. Prog. Energy Combust. Sci. 22: 29–120.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Creelman, R.A. and Ward, C.R. (1996) A scanning electron microscope method for automated, quantitative analysis of mineral matter in coal. Intern. J. Coal Geol. 30: 249–269.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cressey, B.A. and Cressey, G. (1988) Preliminary mineralogical investigation of Leicestershire low-rank coal. Intern. J. Coal. Geol. 10: 177–191.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Crouch, G. (1994) Understanding Slagging and Fouling During pf Combustion, IEACRl72, London, UK, IEA Coal Research, 118 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Doolan, K.J., Mills, J.C. and Belcher, C.B. (1979) The analysis and characterization of mineral matter and ash. In: I. MeC. Stewart and T.F. Wall (eds). Combustion of Pulverized Coal — the Effect of Mineral Matter. Dept. Chemical Engineering, Univ. of Newcastle, L3.1—L3. 11.

    Google Scholar 

  • Durie, R.A. (1991) (ed.) The Science of Victorian Brown Coal: Structure, Properties and Consequences for Utilization. Butterworth-Heinemann, Oxford, 750 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Finkelman, R.B. and Gluskoter, H.J. (1983) Characterization of minerals in coal — problems and promises. In: R.W. Bryers (ed.) Proceedings of the 1981 Engineering Foundation Conference on Fouling and Slagging Resulting from Impurities in Combustion Gases: pp. 299–318.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frazer, F.W. and Belcher, C.B. (1973) Quantitative determination of the mineral matter content of coal by a radiofrequency oxidation technique. Fuel. 52: 41–46.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gluskoter, H.J., Shimp, N.F. and Ruch, R.R. (1981) Coal analyses, trace elements, and mineral matter. In: M.A. Elliott (ed.) Chemistry of Coal Utilization, 2nd Supplementary Volume. Wiley, London, pp. 369–424.

    Google Scholar 

  • Huggins, F.E. and Huffman, G.P. (1991) An XAFS investigation of the form of occurrence of chlorine in U.S. coals. In: J. Stringer (ed.) Proceedings of CRSC EPRI First International Conference on Chlorine in Coal. New York, pp. 43–61.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jenkins, R.G. and Walker, P.L. (1978) Analysis of mineral matter in coal. In: K. Karr (ed.) Analytical Methods for Coal and Coal Products, Vol. II. Academic Press, New York, pp. 265–292.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kemezys, M. and Taylor, G.H. (1964) Occurrence and distribution of minerals in some Australian coals. J. Inst. Fuel. 37: 389–397.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kiss, L.T. (1982) Chemistry of Victorian brown coals. Aust. Coal. Geol. 4: 153–168.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mason, B. (1966) Principles of Geochemistry. 3rd edn., Wiley, New York, 329 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Miller, R.N., Yarzab, R.F. and Given, P.H. (1979) Determination of the mineral-matter contents of coals by low-temperature ashing. Fuel. 58: 4–10.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Montano, P.A. (1981) Characterization of iron-bearing minerals in coal. Adv. Chem. 192: 337–361.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Morse, J.W., Millero, F.J., Cornwell, J.C. and Rickard, D. (1987) The chemistry of the hydrogen sulphide and iron sulphide systems in natural waters. Earth Sci. Rev. 24: 1–42.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mukhopadhyay, P.K. and Hatcher, P.G. (1993) Composition of coal. MPG Studies Geol. 38: 79–118.

    Google Scholar 

  • Painter, P.E., Rummer, S.M., Snyder, R.W. and Davis, A. (1981) A Fourier transform infrared study of mineral matter in coal; a novel method for quantitative mineralogical analysis. Appl. Spectrosc. 35: 102–106.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Raask, E. (1985) Mineral Impurities in Coal Combustion: Behavior, Problems and Remedial Measures

    Google Scholar 

  • Hemisphere Publishing, Washington, 484 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rao, C.P. and Gluskoter, H.J. (1973) Occurrence and distribution of minerals in Illinois coals. Illinois State Geol. Surv., Circular 476.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reid, W.T. (1981) Coal ash — its effect on combustion system. In: M.A. Elliott (ed.) Chemistry of Coal Utilization, 2nd Supplementary Volume. Wiley, pp. 1389–1445.

    Google Scholar 

  • Renton, J.J. (1986) Semiquantitative determination of coal minerals by x-ray diffractometry. Am. Chem. Soc. Symp. Series. 301: 53–60.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rimmer, S.M. and Davis, A. (1986) Geological controls on the inorganic composition of Lower Kittanning coal. Am. Chem. Soc. Symp. Series. 301: 41–52.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saxby, J.D. (1969) Metal-organic chemistry of the geochemical cycle. Rev. Pure Appl. Chem. 19: 131–150.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saxby, J.D. (1973) Diagenesis of metal-organic complexes in sediments: formation of metal sulphides from cystine complexes. Chem. Geol. 12: 241–248.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Saxby, J.D. and Chatfield, S.P. (1992) Application of thermal analysis in coal science. Proc. 5th Aust. Coal Sci. Conf. 368–375.

    Google Scholar 

  • Saxby, J.D. and Chatfield, S.P. (1996) Fusion of coal ash by thermomechanical analysis. Proc. 7th Aust. Coal Sci. Conf. 391–398.

    Google Scholar 

  • Skorupska, N.M. and Carpenter, A.M. (1993) Computer-controlled scanning electron microscopy of minerals in coal. IEAPER/07, London, UK, IEA Coal Research, 21 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stach, E., Mackowsky, M.-Th., Teichmuller, M., Taylor, G.H., Chandra, D. and Teichmuller, R. (1982) Stach’s Textbook of Coal Petrology, 3rd edn. Gebruder Borntraeger, Berlin, 535 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Staub, J.R. and Cohen, A.D. (1978) Kaolinite enrichment beneath coals; a modern analogy, Snuggedy Swamp, South Carolina. J. Sediment. Petrol. 48: 203–210.

    Google Scholar 

  • Swaine, D.J. (1990) Trace Elements in Coal. Butterworths, London, 278 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Taylor, J.C. (1991) Computer programs for standardless quantitative analysis of minerals using the full powder diffraction profile. Power Diffraction. 6: 2–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ten Brink, H.M., Eenkhoom, S. and Weeda, M. (1996) The behaviour of coal mineral carbonates in a simulated coal flame. Fuel Proc. Technol. 47: 233–243.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Triplehorn, D. and Bohor, B. (1986) Volcanic as layers in coal: origin, distribution, composition, and significance. Am. Chem. Soc. Symp. Series. 301: 90–98.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Unsworth, J.F., Barratt, D.J. and Roberts, P.T. (1991) Coal Quality and Combustion Performance: An International Perspective. Coal Science and Technology 19, Elsevier, Amsterdam, 638 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Valkovic, V. (1983) Trace Elements in Coal, Volumes 1 and 2. CRC Press, Boca Raton.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vassilev, S.V. and Vassileva, C.G. (1996) Occurrence, abundance and origin of minerals in coals and coal ashes. Fuel Proc. Technol. 48: 85–106.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vassilev, S.V., Kitano, K. and Vassileva, C.G. (1996) Some relationships between coal rank and chemical and mineral composition. Fuel. 75: 1537–1542.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Vorres, H.S. (ed) (1986) Mineral Matter and Ash in Coal, Am. Chem. Soc. Symp. Series, 301, Washington. Ward, C.R. (1986) Review of mineral matter in coal. Aust. Coal Geol. 6: 87–110.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ward, C.R., Corcoran, J.F., Saxby, J.D. and Read, H.W. (1996) Occurrence of phosphorus minerals in Australian coal seams. Int. J. Coal. Geol. 30: 185–210.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ward, C.R. and Swaine, D.J. (1995) Minerals and inorganic constituents. GeoL Soc. Aust. Sp. Publ. 1:93–109. Ward, C.R. and Taylor, J.C. (1996) Quantitative mineralogical analysis of coals from the Callide Basin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Queensland, Australia using X-ray diffractometry and normative interpretation. Int. J. Coal Geol. 30: 211–229.

    Google Scholar 

  • Warne, S. St. J. (1964) Identification and evaluation of minerals in coal by differential thermal analysis. J. Inst. Fuel. 38: 207–217.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wert, C.A., Hsieh, K., Tseng, B. and Ge, Y. (1987) Applications of transmission electron microscopy to coal chemistry. Fuel. 66: 914–920.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. J. D. Saxby
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Earth Sciences, The University of Queensland, 4072, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia

    M. Glikson

  2. Indiana Geological Survey, Indiana University, 47405, Bloomington, NY, USA

    M. Mastalerz

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2000 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Saxby, J.D. (2000). Minerals in coal. In: Glikson, M., Mastalerz, M. (eds) Organic Matter and Mineralisation: Thermal Alteration, Hydrocarbon Generation and Role in Metallogenesis. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9474-5_15

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9474-5_15

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-90-481-4019-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-015-9474-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation