Abstract
The trend towards integrating the study of law with the other social sciences has been increasingly growing in force. This is highly commendable when integration is to be founded upon a full realisation of the specific character of the problems and issues involved in the study of law and of the importance of its previous scientific attainments, with a simultaneous realization of its deficiencies in facing the modern aims of research and the current evolution of other disciplines, of social sciences in particular. Founded upon these premises, the integrational tendency to modernize the study of law by making use of the results of those disciplines, to attain interdisciplinary research with their representatives and to extend with their aid the scope of research beyond the previous narrow bounds, can but be approved.
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Notes
J. Wróblewski, “O naukowo§ei prawoznawstwa” (Problem of the scientific character of the study of law) in Paristwo i Prawo (State and Law),8–9, 1965, pp. 201 if. S. Zawadzki, “Kierunki i metody badarn nad radami narodowymi” (Problems and methods of research on national councils), Problemy Rad Narodowych (Problems of National Councils),1, 1964. pp. 14 if.
A. Podgórecki, Socjologia prawa (Sociology of Law),Warszawa 1962, passim, especially pp. 207 f; “Socjotechnika” (Sociotechnics), Studia Socjologicne (Sociological Studies) 4, 1963, pp. 40 f, and in other articles.
S. Ehrlich, “Kilka uwag w sprawie metodologii nauk prawnych” (Some remarks on the methodology of the study of law), Patistwo i Prawo 1, 1964; “0 tak zwanej dogmatyce prawa” (On the so called legal dogmatics) in Studia z teorii prawa (Studies in Legal Theory), Warszawa 1965.
Comp. remarks of J. Bardach, “Miejsce historii paóstwa i prawa w systemie nauk prawnych i jej rola w ksztalceniu prawniczym” (The Place of the history of state and law in the study of law: its role in legal education), Paristwo i Prawo 5–6, 1965, esp. p. 766.
Comp. e. g. F. Longehamps, “Poglgdy nauki niemieckiej i austriackiej na publiczne prawa podmiotowe” (Views of the German and Austrian doctrine on the public rights), Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Wroclawskiego. Prawo“ V, (The Wroclaw University Journal — Law), s. A. nr 21, 1960; W. Zakrzewski, Dzialalnosc prawotwórcza w swietle teorii niemieckiej (The Law Making Activity in the Light of the German Doctrine), Krakow 1959.
These values of legal theory (R. Pound) in connection with the value of some older sociological theories underlines P.S. Selznick, The Sociology of Law in Sociology Today. Problems and prospects,New York 1960, p. 121. M.R. Cohen (Reason and Law,Glencoe 1950, p. 175) considers many these of legal scholars as not less. and sometimes more “scientific” than the statements of some other disciplines, e. g. psychology: “If […] we regard natural sciences as knowledge which can be verified, or shown to rest on adequate factual evidence, than we must take the position […] that the legal writings of a man like Holmes or Maitland are more scientific than those of psychologists who leave the elementary truths that laboratory experiments have so far yielded and dogmatize about complex regions of human affairs”. He adds that if the deficiencies of the study of law […] are to be cured by the introduction of more science, we must make certain of the genuiness of the science“.
Comp. esp. P.A. Sorokin, Fads and Foibles in Modern Sociology and Related Sciences, Chicago 1956.
On “revolt against formalism” K. Opalek, J. Wróblewski, Wspólczesna teoria i socjologia prawa w USA (The Contemporary Theory and Sociology of Law in USA),Warszawa 1963, pp.168 tP: on the above mentioned manner of speaking in Petratycki’s writings, J. Zajkowski, “Wykladnia ustaw wedlug Petratyckiego i wedlug jego teorii” (Interpretation of law according to Petratycki and according to his theory), Wileriski Przeglqd Prawniczy (Legal Review of Wilno),1936,pp. 8–11; the V. A. Lundstedt’s views characterized by K. Olivecrona, “The legal theories of Axel Hägerström and Vilhelm Lundstedt”, Scandinavian Studies in Law,1959, pp. 137 fI; on Duguit — B. Bielawska, “Poglidy Leona Duguit’a na prawo przedmiotowe” (The views of Leon Duguit on the objective law), Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Lódzkiego — Nauki Humanistyczno-Spoleczne (Lodi University Journal-Humanistic and Social Sciences),s. I, nr 35, 1964 esp. p. 56: on Hägerström’s position K. Opalek, J. Wróblewski, “Wspólczesna teoria prawa w Skandynawii” (The contemporary legal theory in Scandinavia), Paristwo i Prawo 2, 1951, pp. 195 f.
Comp. J. Zajkowski, loc. cit., J. Wroblewski, op. cit., pp. 192 fI:
Comp. on this question lately F. Studnicki, Przeplyw wiadomosci o normach prawa (The Flow of Information on Legal Norms),Krakow 1965, pp. 14 f. In USA fought against such positions e. g. H. Cairns, The Theory of Legal Science,Chapel Hill 1941, pp. 70 f.
A.C. Benjamin, An introduction to the Philosophy of Science, New York 1937, p. 173.
F.S.C. Northrop, “The epistemology of legal judgements”, Northwestern University Law Review LVIII 6, 1964. Pp. 735 f H. Kelsen, “Eine ”realistische“ und die reine Rechtslehre”, Österr. Zeitschr. für Sff Recht, X. 1, 1959, p. 5.
H. Kelsen, “Was ist die reine Rechtslehre?” in Demokratie und Rechtsstaat, Zürich 1953, p. 160.
S. Ossowski, O osobliwosciach nauk spolecznych (On the Peculiarities of Social Sciences),Warszawa 1962, eh. V.
The same work, p. 206.
J. Wroblewski, op. cit., p. 201.
K. Opalek, Problemy metodologiczne nauki prawa (Methodological Problems of the Study of Law), Warszawa 1962, part I; J. Wroblewski, “Relatywistyczne teorie prawa” (Relativistic legal theories), Paristwo i Prawo 8–9, 1963.
J. Wroblewski, “O naukowosci…”, p. 196 f; F. Studnicki, “O dogmatyce prawa” (On legal dogmatics), Paristwo i Prawo 7–8, 1957, limits this scope principally to the statements of groups (a) and (b).
K.N. Llewellyn, “The normative, the legal and the law jobs: the problem of juristic method”, The Yale Law Journal XLIX, 8, 1940, pp. 1364 if.
On this question A. Ross, Towards a Realistic Jurisprudence,Copenhagen 1946, pp. 68 fI; H.L.A. Hart, The Concept of Law,Oxford 1961, pp. 81 fl:
S. Ehrlich, “Kilka uwag…”, p. 646.
In detail on this problem K. Opalek, J. Wroblewski, “Aksjologia — dylemat pomi@dzy pozytywizmem prawniczym o doktrynq prawa natury” (Axiology a dilemma between legal positivism and natural law doctrine), Paristwo i Prawo 4–5 1966.
On the relation: sociology — doctrinal study of law comp. V. Aubert, Sociology of Law (Mimeographed ed.) v. I, Oslo 1964, pp.19 f. (there is to be found an objection to the views of A. Ross who, in V. Aubert’s opinion, “from the very beginning set himself an insoluble task, that is to show that […J doctrinal law and the sociology of law could melt together into one science”). On political science in this connection F. Ryszka, “H. Kelsen i C. Schmitt, czyli samounicestwienie prawniczego pozytywizmu” (H. Kelsen and C. Schmitt or the self — destruction of legal positivism), Panstwo i Prawo 5–6, 1965, p. 752.
K. Opalek, Problemy metodologiczne…,ch. V.
E. Gellner, “The alchemists of sociology”, Inquiry II, 2, 1959, p. 132.
Comp. T. Eckhof,, “Sociology of law in Scandinavia”, Scandinavian Studies in Law, 1960, p. 54.
Comp. P. Selznick, op. cit., p. 125.
E. Gellner, op. cit., p. 128.
The work cit. above, Przeplyw wiadomosci o normach prawa,Krakow 1965.
W. Lang, Struktura kontroli prawnej organów panstwowych w PRL (The Structure of Legal Control of the State-organs in Polish People Republic),Krakow 1963; comp. criticism by Z. Leonski in Patistwo i Prawo 11,1965, pp. 759 ff.
Comp. H. Rot, “System prawa — model cybernetyczny” (Legal system — a cybernetic model), Paristwo i Prawo 1, 1965, pp. 21 fI:
On the disputable points in the work of J. Górecki, Rozwód. Studium socjologiczno-prawne (Divorce. A Legal-sociological Study),Warszawa 1965, comp. S. Szerin, Paristwo i Prawo 11,1965, p. 754 fì’ The project of the Law Institute of the Polish Academy of Sciences discusses S. Zawadzki, op. cit.
F. Bacon, De dignitate et augmentis scientiarum (1624), B. 8, ch. 3.
In this direction is inclined probably also S. Ehrlich, “O tak zwanej dogmatyce prawa”, pp. 61 f. Some attempts of this sort in connection with the problems of the doctrinal study of law is making A. Peczenik, Wartosé dogmatyki prawa (On the Scientific Value of the Doctrinal Study of Law),Krakow 1966. The author of the present article has discussed with him these problems which was mutually inspiring.
I want to mention the cit. above works of S. Ossowski, O osobliwosciach nauk spolecznych and K. Opalek, Problemy metodologiczne nauki prawa and following: W. Kula, Rozwaiania o historii (Considerations on History), Warszawa 1958; A. Malewski, J. Topolski, Studia z metodologii historii (Studies in Methodology of History), Warszawa 1960; H. Markiewicz, Glówne problemy wiedzy o literaturze (Main Problems of the Study of Literature), Krakow 1965; S. Nowak, Studia z metodologii nauk spolecznych (Studies in Methodology of Social Sciences), Warszawa 1965.
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Woleński, J. (1999). The Peculiarities of the Study of Law and the Question of Integration. In: Woleński, J. (eds) Kazimierz Opałek Selected Papers in Legal Philosophy. Law and Philosophy Library, vol 39. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9257-4_3
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