Abstract
Whatever humans might be otherwise, they are also animals. Zoologically, they belong to the class of mammals and to the order of primates. Nowadays there are no longer any doubts about this, and therefore, the theory which explains the origins and diversity of animals and their anatomic, morphological, physiological and psychological features — Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection — must also have something to offer for a deepened understanding of the nature of humans and their mastering of life.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Bibliography
Alexander, R. D.: 1974, `The evolution of social behavior’, Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 5, 325–383.
Alexander, R. D.: 1987, The Biology of Moral Systems,Aldine de Gruyter, Hawthorne. Betzig, L., and Turke, P. W.: 1986, `Food sharing on Ifaluk’, Current Anthropology 27, 397400.
Burnstein, E., Crandall, C., and Kitayama, S.: 1994, `Some neo-Darwinian decision rules for altruism: weighing cues for inclusive fitness as a function of the biological importance of the decision’, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology 67, 773–789.
Chagnon, N. A. and Bugos Jr., P. E.: 1979, `Kin selection and conflict: an analysis of a Yanomamö ax fight’, in N. A. Chagnon and W. Irons (eds.), Evolutionary Biology and Human Social Behavior: An Anthropological Perspective, Duxbury, North Scituate, pp. 213238.
Chasiotis, A.: 1995: `Die Mystification der Homöostase: Das sozioemotionale Gegenseitigkeits-empfinden als grundlegende psychische Dimension’, Gestalttheorie 17, 88–129.
Cosmides, L. and Tooby, J.: 1992, `Cognitive adaptations for social exchange’, in J. H. Barkow,L. Cosmides and J. Tooby (eds.), The Adapted Mind–Evolutionary Psychology and the Generation of Culture, Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford, pp. 163–228.
Crook, J. H. and Crook, S. J.: 1988, `Tibetan polyandry: problems of adaptation and fitness’,in L. Betzig, M. Borgerhoff Mulder and P. Turke (eds.), Human Reproductive Behaviour -A Darwinian Perspective, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 97–114.
Dawkins, R.: 1976, The Selfish Gene, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Dawkins, R.: 1982, The Extended Phenotype, Freeman, San Francisco.
De Waal, F. B. M.: 1989, `Food sharing and reciprocal obligations among chimpanzees’, Journal of Human Evolution 18, 433–459.
Dunbar, R. I. M.: 1988, Primate Social Systems, Croom Helm, London and Sydney.
Goodall, J.: 1986, The Chimpanzees of Gome - Patterns of Behavior, The Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, Cambridge, Ma.
Gray, J. P.: 1985, Primate Sociobiology, HRAF Press, New Haven.
Grayson, D. K.: 1993, `Differential mortality and the Donner Party disaster’, Evolutionary Anthropology 2, 151–159.
Hames, R.: 1987, `Garden labor exchange among the Ye’kwana’, Ethology and Sociobiology 8, 259–284.
Hames, R.: 1990, `Sharing among the Yanomamö: Part I, The effects of risk’, in E. Cashdan (ed.), Risk and Uncertainty in Tribal and Peasant Economies,Westview Press, Boulder et al.,pp. 89–105.
Hardin, G.: 1968, `The tragedy of the commons’, Science 162, 1243–1248.
Hawkes, K.: 1983, `Kin selection and culture’, American Ethnologist 10, 345–363.
Hawkes, K.: 1992, `Sharing and collective action’, in E. A. Smith and B. Winterhalder (eds.),Evolutionary Ecology and Human Behavior, Aldine de Gruyter, New York, pp. 269–300.
Krebs, J. R. and Davies, N. B. (eds.): 1978, Behavioural Ecology - An Evolutionary Approach, 3rd ed., Blackwell, Oxford.
Massey, A.: 1977, `Agonistic aids and kinship in a group of Pigtail Macaques’, Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 2, 31–40.
McCullough, J. H. and Barton, E. Y.: 1991, `Relatedness and mortality risk during a crisis year: Plymouth Colony, 1620–1621’, Ethology and Sociobiology 12, 195–209.
Packer, C. et al.: 1988, `Reproductive success in lions’, in: T. H. Clutton-Brock (ed.), Reproductive Success - Studies of Individual Variation in Contrasting Breeding Systems,University of Chicago Press, Chicago and London, pp. 363–383.
Parish, A. R.: 1994, `Sex and food control in the “uncommon chimpanzee”: how Bonobo females overcome a phylogenetic legacy of male dominance’, Ethology and Sociobiology 15, 157–179.
Silk, J. B.: 1990, `Human adoption in evolutionary perspective’, Human Nature 1, 25–52.
Stearns, S. C.: 1992, The Evolution of Life Histories, Oxford University Press, Oxford.
Tooby, J., and Cosmides, L.: 1992, `The psychological foundations of culture’, in J. H. Barkow,L. Cosmides and J. Tooby (eds.), The Adapted Mind — Evolutionary Psychology and the Generation of Culture, Oxford University Press, New York and Oxford, pp. 19–136.
Trivers, R. L.: 1971, `The evolution of reciprocal altruism’, Quarterly Review of Biology 46, 35–57.
Trivers, R.: 1985, Social Evolution, Benjamin and Cummings, Menlo Park.
Vogel, C.: 1985, `Helping, cooperation, and altruism in primate societies’, in B. Hölldobler and A. Lindauer (eds.), Experimental Behavioral Ecology, G. Fischer, Stuttgart and New York, pp. 375–389.
Voland, E. and Voland, R.: 1995, `Parent-offspring conflict, the extended phenotype and the evolution of the conscience’, Journal of Social and Evolutionary Systems 18, 397–412.
Wickler, W.: 1976, `Evolution-oriented ethology, kin selection, and altruistic parasites’,Zeitschrift fair Tierpsychologie 42, 206–214.
Wilkinson, G. S.: 1984, `Reciprocal food sharing in the vampire bat’, Nature 308, 181–184.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1999 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Voland, E. (1999). On the Nature of Solidarity. In: Bayertz, K. (eds) Solidarity. Philosophical Studies in Contemporary Culture, vol 5. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9245-1_8
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9245-1_8
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-90-481-5137-0
Online ISBN: 978-94-015-9245-1
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive