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Factors Controlling the Biodegradation of Chemicals in Soils

  • Chapter
Bioavailability of Organic Xenobiotics in the Environment

Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((ASEN2,volume 64))

Abstract

The natural biodegradation of chemicals in the environment is controlled by both the compounds’ characteristics (e.g., hydrophobicity), the environment’s characteristics (e.g., soil organic matter content) and the activity of the microbial population. Simplified biodegradability tests under laboratory conditions and in the absence of soil often show higher rates (given that sufficient and appropriate microorganisms are present). This could be explained by differences in compound bioavailability. Thus, standardized laboratory tests are not by themselves good predictors of environmental half-lives. In order to rapidly construct an environmental database, over 800 scientific articles were examined providing a subset of 75 publications with 26 different soils and 55 different compounds (given a total of 150 data). Sensitivity studies based on derived correlations show that not all environmental characteristics are relevant to predicting environmental half-lives. In addition, most chemicals studied are reputed to be difficult to degrade, which lessens the influence of environmental characteristics relative to molecular ones. In general, however, derived correlations show that under optimum or near optimum environmental conditions, biodegradation rates are controlled by molecular characteristics whereas under more extreme conditions biodegradation rates are controlled by environmental conditions.

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  1. LSE/LCPE, Faculté de Pharmacie, UMR Université — CNRS 7564, 5 rue Albert Lebrun, BP 403, F-54001, Nancy, France

    Sylvain Fass & Timothy M. Vogel

  2. Rhône-Poulenc Industrialisation, 24 avenue Jean Jaurès, F-69153, Décines-Charpieu, France

    Hervé Vaudrey & Jean-Claude Block

Authors
  1. Sylvain Fass
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  2. Hervé Vaudrey
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  3. Timothy M. Vogel
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  4. Jean-Claude Block
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Environmental Geophysics, Cornell University, Bradfield Hall, 14853-1901, Ithaca, NY, USA

    Philippe Baveye

  2. Laboratoire Santé Environnement — LCPE, UMR Université-CNRS 7564, Faculté de Pharmacie — Pôle de l’Eau, 15, avenue du Charmois, F-54500, Vandoeuvre lès Nancy, France

    Jean-Claude Block

  3. Dumansky Institute of Water and Colloïdal Chemistry, Science Academyc of Ukraine, 42 Vernadsky Avenue, 252680, Kiev, Ukraine

    Vladislav V. Goncharuk

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© 1999 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

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Fass, S., Vaudrey, H., Vogel, T.M., Block, JC. (1999). Factors Controlling the Biodegradation of Chemicals in Soils. In: Baveye, P., Block, JC., Goncharuk, V.V. (eds) Bioavailability of Organic Xenobiotics in the Environment. NATO ASI Series, vol 64. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9235-2_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9235-2_6

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-90-481-5311-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-015-9235-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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