Abstract
The detrimental effect of air pollutants emitted by burning fossil fuels has been known for a very long time, one of the first mentioned was the adverse effect of smoke from coal burning which was acknowledged several centuries ago in England. Sulphur compounds emitted to the atmosphere were suspected to be the cause of acidification already in the end of the 19th century. Systematic laboratory exposures in the 1930’s demonstrated the corrosive effect of SO2 on metals. This was later also proved by field exposures and SO2 was for a long time considered to be the main corrosive pollutant. Over the last decade successful attempts to reduce SO2 emission have been executed in Europe, resulting in decreasing corrosion rates for many materials. SO2 can no longer be regarded as the only important corrosion stimulator, a new “multipollutant” situation has arisen in which SO2, NO2, O3, and their reaction products are the main actors. In the following treatment the main parameters and their general effects on materials degradation are presented. After that, specific considerations for different groups of materials as well as the impact on cultural heritage are outlined. The chapter concludes with a description of economic evaluation and the concept of acceptable levels and mapping.
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Tidblad, J., Kucera, V. (1998). Materials Damage. In: Fenger, J., Hertel, O., Palmgren, F. (eds) Urban Air Pollution — European Aspects. Environmental Pollution, vol 1. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9080-8_19
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9080-8_19
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