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Stable Isotope Geochemistry of Ultrahigh-Pressure Rocks

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When Continents Collide: Geodynamics and Geochemistry of Ultrahigh-Pressure Rocks

Part of the book series: Petrology and Structural Geology ((PESG,volume 10))

Abstract

Stable isotope geochemistry gives unequivocal evidence that the protoliths of ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphic rocks were at Earth’s surface prior to continental collision and subduction. Unusually low values of δ18O and δD in eclogite and other Chinese UHP rocks record a Neoproterozoic geothermal area in which cold-climate meteoric waters altered basalts, granites, and associated sediments. The presence of a pre-metamorphic, distinctive isotopic signature in both eclogites and their host rocks supports the hypothesis of in situ metamorphism for coesite-bearing eclogites. The length scale of structural coherence in these Chinese UHP terrains is at least 100 km, for that is the distance over which subsequent deformation failed to obliterate artifacts of surface geothermal activity. Stable isotope evidence denies the existence of a pervasive fluid free to infiltrate across lithologic contacts during UHP metamorphism. Data from UHP terrains in China, Italy, and Norway show that dissimilar rocks failed to equilibrate isotopically on a centimeter to meter scale. Furthermore, the preservation of high-temperature oxygen isotope fractionations among minerals argues against the presence of free fluid after peak metamorphism, during exhumation and cooling. Residence in the upper mantle had no discernible metasomatic effect on the stable isotope composition of crustal rocks subducted during continental collision.

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  1. Geophysical Laboratory, 5251 Broad Branch Rd., N. W., Washington, D. C., 20015, USA

    Douglas Rumble

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  1. Geological Sciences, University of California, Santa Barbara, USA

    Bradley R. Hacker

  2. Geological and Environmental Sciences, Stanford University, Stanford, USA

    Juhn G. Liou

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Rumble, D. (1998). Stable Isotope Geochemistry of Ultrahigh-Pressure Rocks. In: Hacker, B.R., Liou, J.G. (eds) When Continents Collide: Geodynamics and Geochemistry of Ultrahigh-Pressure Rocks. Petrology and Structural Geology, vol 10. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-9050-1_9

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