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Embryogenesis in Dicotyledonous Plants

  • Chapter
Cellular and Molecular Biology of Plant Seed Development

Part of the book series: Advances in Cellular and Molecular Biology of Plants ((CMBP,volume 4))

Abstract

Embryogenesis in higher plants establishes the basic shoot-root body pattern, the primary tissue layers, and the meristematic zones of the plant. Continuous differentiation of the meristems is the basis of postembryonic development, the adult phase of the life cycle. Critical to this process is not only the pattern forming or morphogenetic events taking place mainly during early embryogenesis, but also a series of cellular and physiological processes which prepare the maturing embryo for dormancy and germination. Recent genetic and molecular studies in Arabidopsis and other model plants have begun to identify critical processes involved in higher plant embryogenesis. Likewise, Arabidopsis mutations defective in embryo structure or seedling viability are providing the tools for an analysis of molecular mechanisms responsible for dicot embryogenesis. One critical question is whether cellular interactions play a role in the formation of embryo pattern, or whether the nearly regular patterns of cell division observed in many species, including Arabidopsis, are a reflection of a lineage-dependent mode of cell specification. Analysis of mutations altering cellular patterns in Arabidopsis embryo indicate that cell-cell interactions most likely take place to establish cell and tissue layers. Further, there is evidence for inter-regional interactions to coordinate the overall development of the dicot embryo. However, differentiation processes based on the activity of cell-autonomous determinants may also operate particularly during the earliest zygotic divisions which establish the principal embryonic elements. A second major question concerns the specific gene regulatory mechanisms involved in initiating and maintaining differentiation programs within the developing embryo. These and other questions regarding the underlying processes that control dicot embryogenesis are only beginning to be answered using a combination of molecular and genetic tools.

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  1. Ramin Yadegari

    Present address: Department of Plant and Microbial Biology, University of California, Berkeley, California, 94720-3102, USA

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  1. Department of Molecular, Cell, and Developmental Biology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, 90095-1606, USA

    Ramin Yadegari & Robert B. Goldberg

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    Brian A. Larkins

  2. Laboratory of Plant Cell and Molecular Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA

    Indra K. Vasil

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Yadegari, R., Goldberg, R.B. (1997). Embryogenesis in Dicotyledonous Plants. In: Larkins, B.A., Vasil, I.K. (eds) Cellular and Molecular Biology of Plant Seed Development. Advances in Cellular and Molecular Biology of Plants, vol 4. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8909-3_1

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