Abstract
A review of some recent applications of “hydrologically oriented” GIS in flood forecasting and related issues is presented. A regional approach to the assessment of flood hazard in orographically accentuated areas is also described on the basis of the supporting data handling capabilities of Geographical Information Systems. In particular, the development of operational methodologies aimed at the issuing of effective and timely warnings at the regional scale is presented both in a deterministic perspective — by simple enumeration of a series of pre-defined targets — and in a probabilistic one, based on the most recent advances in drainage geomorphology. The use of multisensor monitoring devices for the detection of extreme events, from the overall meteorological scenario down to the scale of the local variability of rainfall in space, is proposed on the basis of the experience of some international research projects recently activated in the field. The multi-faceted role of GIS in the collection of rainfall data from the whole set of available sensors, the identification of areas of potential occurrence of extreme meteorological events, the operational support to distributed rainfall-runoff models and the mapping of flood prone areas and landscape vulnerability is highlighted throughout the paper.
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Lanza, L., Siccardi, F. (1995). The Role of GIS as A Tool for the Assessment of Flood Hazard at the Regional Scale. In: Carrara, A., Guzzetti, F. (eds) Geographical Information Systems in Assessing Natural Hazards. Advances in Natural and Technological Hazards Research, vol 5. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8404-3_10
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-8404-3_10
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