Skip to main content

Geostatistically Constrained Multivariate Classification

  • Conference paper
Geostatistics

Part of the book series: Quantitative Geology and Geostatistics ((QGAG,volume 4))

Abstract

This paper describes procedures for grouping sampling sites that are both similar with respect to their properties and near to one another geographically. The aim is to avoid undue fragmentation arising from sampling fluctuations or to create reasonably sized, homogeneous regions to simplify management, or both. This is achieved by using the variogram in two ways to define the degree of constraint imposed. It is used indirectly to determine the spatial extent of classes when segmenting transects and explicitly to compute the dissimilarities between sites for constraining classification in two-dimensions. Both uses are illustrated with examples from one- and two-dimensional soil surveys. The geostatistically constrained spatially weighted method is novel, and the results show that constraint can be applied rationally to decrease undesirable fragmentation.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • ALVEY, N.G. and OTHERS. 1977. GENSTAT, a general statistical program. Rothamsted Experimental Station, Harpenden.

    Google Scholar 

  • BANFIELD, C.F. and BASSILL, L.C. 1977. ALGORITHM AS 113. A transfer algorithm for non-hierarchical classification. Applied Statistics 26, 206–210.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • BERRY, B.J.L. 1966. Essays on commodity flows and the spatial structure of the Indian economy. Research Paper No. 111, Department of Geography,University of Chicago.

    Google Scholar 

  • ELPHINSTONE, C.D., LONERGAN, A.T., FATTI, L.P. and HAWKINS, D.M. 1985. An empirical investigation into the application of remotely sensed data. Special

    Google Scholar 

  • REPORT SWISK 40, National Research Institute for Mathematical Sciences, Pretoria.

    Google Scholar 

  • FERLIGOJ, A. and BATAGELJ, V. 1982. Clustering with relational constraint. Psychometrika 47, 413–426.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • GORDON, A.D. and FINDEN, C.R. 1985. Classification of spatially-located data. Computational Statistics Quarterly 4, 315–328.

    Google Scholar 

  • GOWER, J.C. 1966. Some distance properties of latent root and vectors methods used in multivariate analysis. Biometrika 53, 325–338.

    Google Scholar 

  • GOWER, J.C. 1971. A general coefficient of similarity and some of its properties. Biometrics 27, 857–871.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • HAWKINS, D.M. and MERRIAM, D.F. 1974. Zonation of multivariate sequences of digitized geologic data. Mathematical Geology 6, 263–269.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • MARRIOTT, F.H.C. 1971. Practical problems in a method of cluster analysis. Biometrics 27, 501–514.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • MARRIOTT, F.H.C. 1974. The interpretation of multiple observations. Academic Press, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • MATHERON, G. 1965. Les variables régionalisées et leur estimation. Masson, Paris.

    Google Scholar 

  • OLIVER, M.A. and WEBSTER, R. 1987. The elucidation of soil pattern in the Wyre Forest of the West Midlands, England. II. Spatial distribution. Journal of Soil Science 38, 293–307.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Oliver, M.A. and Webster, R. 1988. A geostatistical basis for spatial weighting in multivariate classification. Mathematical Geology 20 in press.

    Google Scholar 

  • OPENSHAW, S. 1977. A geographical solution to scale and aggregation problem in region-building, partitioning and spatial modelling. Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers 2, 213–217.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • PERRUCHET, C. 1983. Constrained agglomerative hierarchical classification. Pattern Recognition 16, 213–217.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • SPENCE, N.A. 1968. A multivariate uniform regionalization of British counties on the basis of employment data for 1961. Regional Studies 2, 87–104.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • WACKERNAGEL, H., WEBSTER, R. and OLIVER, M.A. 1988. A geostatistical method for segmenting multivariate sequences of soil data. In: lassification and Related Methods of Data Analysis. Ed. H.H. Bock, North-Holland, Amsterdam. pp. 641–650.

    Google Scholar 

  • WEBSTER, R. 1973. Automatic soil boundary location from transect data. Mathematical Geology 5, 27–37.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • WEBSTER, R. 1977. Quantitative and numerical methods in soil classification and survey. Clarendon Press, Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  • WEBSTER. R. 1978. Optimally partitioning soil transects. Journal of Soil Science 29, 388–402.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • WEBSTER, R. and BURROUGH, P.A. 1972. Computer-based soil mapping of small areas from sample data. II. Classification smoothing. Journal of Soil Science 23, 222–234.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1989 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this paper

Cite this paper

Oliver, M.A., Webster, R. (1989). Geostatistically Constrained Multivariate Classification. In: Armstrong, M. (eds) Geostatistics. Quantitative Geology and Geostatistics, vol 4. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-6844-9_29

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-6844-9_29

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-015-6846-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-015-6844-9

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics