Abstract
In seeking a method of analysing the ratification debates and the statements of the six Governments upon the Schuman Plan Treaty, it had to be decided whether it would be better to proceed country by country, or to set side by side the views of the different countries on the topics that were discussed. The latter procedure has been adopted because it is felt that in such a Community as has been set up, the variety of views of the member States concerning particular points is more important than the particular country expressing them.
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Reference
A full list of these is contained in Appendix 1 B.
Eerste Kamer, Official Reports, 1951–1952, page 201, cols. 1 and 2.
R.D.F., page 31.
Relazione della Commissione permanente II eX, no. 2603—A, page 6.
R.D.F., page 30.
An assumption that principles other than those in the Treaty are to be binding, which may be questioned.
R.D.F., page 47.
The attempt to solve this difficulty led the negotiators, as stated in the Luxembourg Exposés, to confine the Court to judging
Compte Rendu des Séances de la Chambre des Députés, Session ordinaire, 1951–1952, page 127.
Rapport de la Commission spéciale par M. Bertrand, Rapporteur, Chambre des Représentants, Official Reports, 1951–1952, page 410.
Memorie van Toelichting, no. 2228, no. 3, 1950–1951, page 33, col. 2.
Compte Rendu, 1951–1952, page 127.
Memorie van Toelichting, no. 2228, no. 3, 1951–1952, page 33. 8 Compte Rendu, 1951–1952, page 127.
Memorie van Toelichting, no. 2228, no. 3, 1950–1951, page 33, col. 2.
Assemblée Nationale, Official Reports, 1951, page 8855, col. 1.
M. Coste—Floret also declared: “It is upon the principles of our public law that this Court will develop its precedents” — page 8855, col. 1. This, however, is perhaps claiming too much.
E.g. M. Carcasonne, Official Reports, 1952, page 715, col. 1.
R.D.F., page 32.
M. Biever, Compte Rendu, 1951–1952, col. 1611.
Sénat de Belgique, Session ordinaire, 1950–1951, no. 369, page 14.
By a law dated 25 May, 1928, these Tribunals were empowered to deter¬mine certain private Belgian interests. Their decisions were executory in Belgium provided that they were stamped by the agent général of the Belgian Government appointed to the Mixed Tribunal.
Voorlopig Verslag, no. 2228, no. 7, 1951–1952, par. 8, page 69, col. 1. 8 Eerste Kamer, Official Reports, 1952, page 211, col. 1.
Sénat, Official Reports, Session ordinaire, 1951–1952, page 128, col. 2.
By Mr. Delwaide, Annales Parlementaires, N. 72, page 19.
Session ordinaire, 1951–1952, no. 107.
Tweede Kamer, Official Reports, 1951–1952, page 209, col. 1.
Compte Rendu, 1951–1952, page 155.
Senato della Repubblica, Projet de loi, no. 1822A, 1952.
As has been stated, this was contained in the Netherlands’ and Luxem¬bourg’s Exposés and it was discussed in the Report of the French Delegation.
Senato della Repubblica, Official Reports, page 31624.
loc. cit., page 31645.
Camera dei Deputati, no. 2603 A, page 56, col. 2.
This statement would carry greater weight if it did not ignore the many cases of pleine juridiction.
M. Dehousse, Sénat, Session ordinaire, 1951–1952, page 128.
Compte Rendu, 1951–1952, page 127.
Compte Rendu, 1951–1952, page 155.
However, this statement continues: “It must be admitted that professional conscience and the personal independence of the judges as well as the liberal view of the Governments will in practice guarantee the full and entire independence of this high judicial body”.
Belgian Sénat, Session ordinaire, 1951–1952, page 128.
Professor of International Law, University of Brussels.
Compte Rendu, 1951–1952, page 155.
Bundestag, Official Reports, 1951–1952, page 7712 (C).
This evoked the interruption from the Right : “The lawyers know all about this too”. It may be noted that Mr. Serrarens, one of the two Dutch judges of the Court, is a trade unionist, long associated with the international Catholic Labour Movement.
Eerste Kamer, Official Reports, 1952, page 201, col. 1.
Made by Dr. van Essen in Economisch-Statistische Berichten, 29th Aug., 1951.
Assemblée Nationale, Official Reports, 1951, page 8855, col. 1.
R.D.F., page 46.
Sénat, Session ordinaire, 1951–1952, page 128.
Senato della Repubblica, Official Reports, page 31624.
Sénat, Session ordinaire, 1951–1952, page 132.
In assessing this statement, it is perhaps useful to record that Prof. Rohn
continued by saying that the High Authority was illogical, and that the Assembly would be created of financiers who only knew shareholders’ meetings and had no idea at all of parliamentary bodies.
Conseil de la République, Official Reports, 1952, page 750, col. 1. 4 Eerste Kamer, Official Reports, 1952, page 211, col. 1.
Camera dei Deputati, no. 2603 A, page 56, col. 2.
This however is not accurate; France and Germany together have two judges out of seven.
Senato della Repubblica, Official Reports, 1952, page 31733.
loc. cit., page 31731.
Compte rendu, 1951–1952, col. 1619.
Annales parlementaires, N. 72, 1952, page 7.
Réalités allemandes, page 2451.
Toujours possibles.
loc. cit., page 2451.
Annex no. 727 in Documents parlementaires, Assemblée Nationale, page 1926, col. 2.
R.D.F., page 35.
Compte Rendu, 1951–1952, page 128.
Memorie van Toelichting, no. 2228, no. 3, 1950–1951, page 34, col. 2.
R.D.F., page 35.
See page 74.
Bundestag, Official Reports, 1951–1952, page 7732 D.
loc. cit., page 7749 D.
Memorie van Toelichting, no. 2228, no. 3, 1950–1951, page 39, col. 1. 2 R.D.F., page 38.
On this see further page 107.
Voorlopig Verslag, zitting 1951–1952, 2228, no. 7, page 72, col. 1.
Memorie van Antzvoord, no. 2228, no. 8, 1951–1952, page 86, col. 2.
Bundestag, Official Reports, 1951–1952, page 7730 A.
Memorie van Toelichting, no. 2228, no. 3, 1950–1951, page 34, col. 2.
Drucksache no. 2950, published in Bundestag Official Reports, 1951–1952, page 7635.
By this must be meant “in all cases where the implicit decision of the High Authority refusing to take the necessary action is annulled”.
For a discussion of this interpretation, see pages 97–98.
Voorlopig Verstag, no. 2228, no. 7, 1951–1952, page 71, col. 2.
It is presumably held to be in contradiction to Art. 33 because it appears to allow an appeal for an annulment of a decision of the High Authority on grounds other than the four set out in that article.
Memorie van Antwoord, no. 2228, no. 8, 1951–1952, page 86, col. 2.
On this see further, page 95.
R.D.F., page 41.
Compte Rendu, Session ordinaire, 1951–1952, page 128.
Memorie van Toelichting, no. 2228, no. 3, 1950–1951, page 34, col. 2.
R.D.F., page 41.
Memorie van Toelichting, no. 2228, no. 3, 1950–1951, page 34, col. 2.
This statement need not have been limited to general decisions - it applies also to individual ones.
R.D.F., page 42.
Session ordinaire, 1951–1952, page 128, col. 2.
Sénat, Session ordinaire, 1951–1952, no. 107.
Session ordinaire, 1951–1952, page 160, col. 1.
L’épuisement inconsidéré. “The American Journal of International Law”, vol. 46, supplement page 108, translates this “inconsiderate exhaustion”, but the adjective does not appear satisfactory.
By this, of course, they can only mean the Schuman Plan Court, and not the International Court of Justice.
Session ordinaire, 1951–1952, page 160, col. 1.
celui où existent des éléments sérieux faisant présager des troubles fondamentaux. ’ Sénat, Session ordinaire, 1951–1952, page 160, col. 1.
Rapport fait au nom de la Commission spéciale par M. Bertrand, rapporteur, Chambre des Représentants, 1951–1952, page 410.
Compte Rendu, 1951–1952, page 188.
Referred to as “cette soupape de sûreté”.
Compte Rendu, 1951–1952, col. 1629. b On this see further page 102.
Bundestag, Official Reports, 1951–1952, page 7730 A.
For reasons for doubting this view, see page 107.
Memorie van Toelichting, no. 2228, no. 3, 1950–1951, page 34, col. 2.
Voorlopig Verslag, no. 2228, no. 7, 1951–1952, page 72, col. 1.
Memorie van Antwoord, no. 2228, no. 9, 1951–1952, page 86, col. 2.
This governs the right of interested parties to intervene in cases before the Court.
Sénat, Session ordinaire, 1951–1952, page 140.
The relevence of these two articles is not apparent.
Compte Rendu, Session ordinaire, 1951–1952, page 129.
However, it is submitted that decisions creating fundamental and per¬sistent disturbances are assailable in law as a violation of Art. 2, par. 2 of the Treaty.
Voorlopig Verslag, no. 2228, no. 7, 1951–1952, page 72, col. 1.
For the assumed grounds of this contention see page 20, footnote 4.
Memorie van Antwoord, zitting 1951–1952, 2228 nol 8, page 86, col. 2.
See page 21 above.
Voorlopig Verslag, no. 2228, no. 7, 1951–1952, page 72, col. 1.
This grants an appeal for indemnity if the High Authority fails to take the measures required as the result of a decision of annulment.
Memorie van Antwoord, no. 2228, no. 8, 1951–1952, page 86, col. 2.
What meaning the Netherlands’ Government attaches to the term “negative decision” is not clear, as by Art. 37, par. 3 the Court may annul decisions of the High Authority attempting to end the disturbance as well as explicit or implicit refusals to recognise the existence of the situation. It is suggested that these cannot all be classed as negative decisions.
R.D.F., page 43.
en apprécier le bien—fondé.
Tweede Kamer, Official Reports, 1951–1952, page 164, cols. 1 and 2. 2 Compte Rendu, 1951–1952, col. 1623.
Almost the same words are found in the Luxembourg Exposé des Motifs: “Art. 37 is of major importance for the Luxembourg economy, which is particularly vulnerable to fluctuations in the steel industry. It can be regarded as a special guarantee in favour of our economy”—Compte Rendu, Session ordinaire, 1951–1952, page 129.
Tweede Kamer, Official Reports, 1951–1952, page 163, col. 2.
Realités allemandes, page 2451.
Drucksache no. 2950 in the Bundestag Official Reports, 1951–1952, rage 7644 A.
R.D.F., page 36.
Memorie van Toelichting, no. 2228, no. 3, 1950–1951, page 34, col. 2.
Sénat, Session ordinaire, 1950–1951, no. 369, page 12.
Actions brought under Art. 66, par. 5. 2 are automatically suspensive. 6 Relazione della Commissione Permanente II, Giolitti and Bottai for the Minority, no. 2603—A, page 56, col. 2.
R.D.F., page 45.
Memorie van Antwoord, no. 2228, no. 8, 1951–1952, page 83, col. 1.
On this see further page 118.
R.D.F., page 37.
I R.D.F., page 40.
Idem.
Tweede Kamer, Official Reports, 1951–1952, page 164, col. 2. 4 For a discussion of the meaning of these terms, see page 113.
Voorlopig Verslag, no. 2228, no. 7, 1951–1952, par. 8, page 69, col. 2 6 Memorie van Antwoord, no. 2228, no. 8, par. 8, 1951–1952, page 83, col. 1.
Voorlopig Verslag, no. 2228, no. 7, 1951–1952, page 72, col. 1.
Memorie van Antz000rd, no. 2228, no. 8, 1951–1952, page 86, col. 2.
Memorie van Toelichting, no. 2228, no. 3, 1950–1951, page 34, col. 2 and page 35, col. 1.
Voorlopig Verslag, no. 2228, no. 7, 1951–1952, page 72, col. 1.
Memorie van Antwoord, no. 2228, no. 8, 1951–1952, page 83, col. 1.
No legislation has, however, been introduced to give this express compe¬tence, so that it may be inferred that none was required.
R.D.F., page 44.
By this article, member States undertake not to submit disputes on the interpretation or application of the Treaty to a mode of decision other than that provided by the Treaty.
Senato della Repubblica, 1951, no. 1822, page 6, col. 2.
The term “interpretation of the Treaty” is obviously wider than “the objects of the Treaty” (Art. 89, par. 2). Power to act under Art. 89, par 2 is dependent upon a compromis between States, and not on the absence of special procedures in the Treaty.
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Valentine, D.G. (1954). The Ratification Debates. In: The Court of Justice of the European Coal and Steel Community. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-015-0925-1_2
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