Abstract
There is little evidence of large-scale migrations of Polish ethnic groups prior to the beginning of the nineteenth century. At a time when England, France, Portugal, Spain and the Netherlands were engaged in building and settling large overseas Empires, the Poles were directing their territorial expansion and consequent migration to the South East; the sparsely populated territories of the Ukraine, Bukovina and Bessarabia were their main territories of colonization in the sixteenth, seventeenth and eighteenth centuries.
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References
M. Kukiel in Cambridge History of Poland, Vol. 2, p. 220: “It was a fact of deep historical importance that at the moment when the partitioning Powers notified (July 1797) at an assembly of the German Reichstag in Ratisbon the abolition of the Polish State for ever and of everything that might recall it, a restored Polish army was already under arms and answered the sentence of extermination with a song which was to become the national anthem of the Poles: “Poland has not died while we yet live.”
Cambridge History of Poland, Vol. II, p. 225.
Some 500 Poles taken prisoner in San Domingo were forced by their captors to fight on the side of Britain in the campaign of 1811–1812 against the United States. A unit known as the de Wateville Regiment was formed of these Poles and took part in an attack on Fort Barie South of the Niagara Falls. The survivors deserted their unit and crossed to the American side and settled in Dakota. B. Makowski, “Emigracja Polska w Kanadzie” (Polish Emigration to Canada), Linz-Salzburg, 1951, p. 13.
Adam Lewak, “Czasy Wielkiej Emigracji” (The Great Emigration), in “Polska, Jej Dzieje i Kultura” (Poland, her History and Culture), Warsaw, 1938.
Carlo Tesi, “Storia della Revoluzione Polacca”, Firenze, 1864, pp. 54 seq.
Günther Weber, Die Polnische Emigration im Neunzehnten Jahrhundert, p. 43.
F. R. Raspail, “De la Pologne sur les Bords de la Vistule et dans l’Emigration ‘, Paris, 1839. pp. 78–80.
cf. Kukiel, M., Czartoryski and European Unity 1770–1861, Princeton University Press, 1955.
A. P. Coleman in” Cambridge History of Poland”, Vol.11, p. 320, F. V. Raspail, op. cit., pp. 86–89.
Lewak, op. cit., p. 210, seq.
See W. J. Rose, “The Rise of Polish Democracy”, pp. 17–19. London, 1944.
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© 1956 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
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Zubrzycki, J. (1956). Political Emigration. In: Polish Immigrants in Britain. Studies in Social Life, vol 3. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-9783-0_1
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-9783-0_1
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