Abstract
The questions raised in this chapter concern existing and proposed inter-American obligations in the field of human rights. What obligations on human rights have the American states assumed by ratifying the OAS Charter? Is the American Declaration of the Rights and Duties of Man legally binding? If not, what is its status? What obligations would a party to the American Convention on Human Rights assume, and what are the prospects for its entry into force?
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Reference
Two other principal treaties of the inter-American system are the Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance (Rio Treaty), adopted in 1947, and the Inter-American Treaty on Pacific Settlement (Pact of Bogotà), adopted in 1948. For an exhaustive study of the original and revised OAS Charters see Margaret Ball, The OAS in Transition ( Durham: Duke University Press, 1969 ).
Ann Van Wynen Thomas and A. J. Thomas, Jr., The Organization of American States ( Dallas: Southern Methodist University Press, 1963 ), p. 223.
Ibid., p. 142.
Ibid., 142–143.
Ibid., p. 143.
Inter-American Juridical Committee, Study of the Juridical Relationship Between Respect for Human Rights and the Exercise of Democracy ( Pan American Union: Washington, D.C., May, 1960 ), pp. 13–14.
Ibid., p. 2.
Ibid., p. 10.
lbid., pp. 13–14.
Ibid.
Ibid.
For a general discussion of this problem see Thomas and Thomas, The Organization of American States, Chapter XIV.
Ibid., pp. 236–239; pp. 58–60.
José Cabranes, “Human Rights and Non-Intervention in the Inter-American System,” Michigan Law Review (Vol. 65, No. 5), March, 1967, 1147–1182.
For the first draft, see Pan American Union, Inter-American Juridical Committee, Draft Declaration of the International Rights and Duties of Man and Accompanying Report, Washington, D.C., March, 1946. (Hereafter cited as First Draft of the Declaration.)
For the second draft, see Pan American Union, Inter-American Juridical Committee, Project of Declaration of the International Rights and Duties of Man, Washington, D.C., 1948. (Hereafter cited as Second Draft of the Declaration.)
IAJC, First Draft of the Declaration, pp. 13–14.
Ibid., p. 58.
Ibid.
Ibid., p. 59.
Ibid.
Ibid.
Ibid.
Ibid., pp. 58–59.
IAJC, Second Draft of the Declaration, p. 12 of the “Report to Accompany the Definitive Draft Declaration of the International Rights and Duties of Man.”
Ibid.
Ibid.
Ninth International Conference of American States, Acta (Comision VI, 3a. Sesion, Doc. CB-287-c, c. VI-13), April 21, 1948, p. 4.
Ibid.
Ibid., pp. 4–5.
U.S., Department of State, Ninth International Conference of American States: Report of the Delegation of the United States with Related Documents, Washington, D.C., 1948, p. 36.
IAJC, First Draft of the Declaration, pp. 14–15.
Ibid., p. 15.
Ibid.
For a summary of different positions on the matter see Vernon Van Dyke, Human Rights, the United States, and World Community ( New York: Oxford University Press, 1970 ), pp. 120–125.
IACHR, The Inter-American Commission on Human Rights: Its Powers, Functions, and Activities (OEA/Ser. L/V/II.22, Doc. 9 (English) ), August, 1969, pp. 24–25.
Ibid., pp. 27–28.
The Convention may be found in IACHR, Handbook of Existing Rules Pertaining to Human Rights (OEA/Ser. L/V/Ií.23, Doc. 21 ( English) Rev. ), December, 1970.
IACHR, Comparative Study of the United Nations Covenants on Civil and Political Rights and on Economic, Social, and Cultural Rights and the Draft Inter-American Convention on Human Rights (OEA/Ser. L/V/Ií.19, Doc. 18 (English)), 1968, p. 26.
Inter-American Specialized Conference on Human Rights, Observations of the Governments of the Member States on the Draft Inter-American Convention on Protection of Human Rights: Chile (OEA/Ser. K/XVI/1.1, Doc. 7), November, 1969, p. 1. (Documents of this Conference hereafter cited as IASCHR, title, document number, and page.)
Ibid.
IASCHR, Acta de la segunda sesion plenaria (resumida), Doc. 86, p. 5.
Thomas Buergenthal, “Commentary oil the American Convention on Human Rights: Illusions and Hopes,” Buffalo Law Review (Vol. 21, No. 1), 1971, pp. 128–129.
Ibid.
Ibid., n. 21.
Donald T. Fox, “Evolution of the American Convention on Human Rights and Prospects for its Ratification by the United States,” (unpublished, 1972), p. 21.
IACHR, Report on the Status of Human Rights in Chile (OEA/Ser. L/V/II.34, Doc. 21), October, 1974.
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© 1977 Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague, Netherlands
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LeBlanc, L.J. (1977). Inter-American Obligations on Human Rights. In: The OAS and the Promotion and Protection of Human Rights. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-9514-0_2
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