Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Methods for Promoting Functional Recovery Following Brain Damage

  • Chapter
Book cover Brain

  • 102 Accesses

Abstract

The treatment generally used for pathologic conditions following CNS lesions in children or adults pre-supposes, and seems to prove the effectiveness of more or less specific training (29, 50). It should be added, however, that this idea is based on a small number of controlled studies (24), whose conclusions don’t always agree and whose interpretation is still seing debated as far as both humans and animals are concerned.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Bach-Y-Rita. P.: Plasticity of the nervous system; in Zulch, Creutzfeld and Galbraith. Cerebral localization. pp. 313–327 ( Springer Verlag. New-York, 1975 ).

    Google Scholar 

  2. Balasz, R.: Biochemical effects of thyroid hormones in the developing brain. UCLA Forum in Medical Sciences 14: 273–320, 1971.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Bennett, E.L., Diamond. M.C., Krech. D. and Rosenzweig. M.R.: Chemical and Anatomical plasticity of brain. Science 146: 610–619, 1964.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Bennett, E.L.. Rosenzweig, M. R. and W U. S.-Y.C.: Excitant and depressant drugs modulate effects of environment on brain weight and cholinesterases. Psychopharmacologia (Berlin) 33: 309–328, 1973.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Berger. B.D.. Wise. C.D.. Stein. L.: Norepinephrine: Reversal of anorexia in rats with lateral hypothalamic damage. Science 172: 281–284. 1971.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Berger. B.D.. Wise. C.D. and Stein, L.: Nerve growth factor: Enhanced recovery of feeding after hypothalamic damage. Science 180: 506–508, 1973.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Bjorklund, A. and Stenevi, U.: Nerve growth factor: stimulation of regenerative growth of central noradrenergic neurons. Science 175: 1251–1253, 1972.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Bjorklund..A., Stenevi. U. and Svendgaard. N.A.: Growth of transplanted monoaminergic neurones into the adult hippocampus along the perforant path. Nature 262 (5571): 787–790. 1976.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Bland, B.H. and Cooper, R.M.: Posterior neodecortication in the rat: Age at operation and experience. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol., 69: 345–354, 1969.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Bland, B.H. and Cooper. R.M.: Experience and vision of the posterior neocorticate rat. Physiol. Behay. 5: 211–214, 1970.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Chow, K.L. and Stewart. D.L.: Reversal of structural and functional effects of long-term visual deprivation in cats. Exp. Neurol., 34: 409–433, 1972.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Clark, C.V.H. and Isaacson, R.L.,: Effect of bilateral hippocampal ablation on DRL performance. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol., 59: 137–140, 1965.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Cole, D.D., Sullins. W.R., Jr., and Isaac. W.: Pharmacological modification of the effects of spaced occipital ablations. Psychopharmacologia 11: 311–316. 1967.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Davenport, J.W., Gonzales, L.M., Carey. J.C., Bishop, S.B. and Hagquist, W.W.. Environmental stimulation reduces learning deficits in experimental cretinism. Science 191: 578–579. 1976.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Defeudis, F.V.: La biologie de la solitude: La Recherche 55: 344–356, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  16. De Wied, D.: Pituitary-adrenal system hormones and behavior; in Smitt and Worden, The Neurosciences, Third study program, pp. 653–666 ( Rockefeller Univ. Press, New-York 1974 ).

    Google Scholar 

  17. Dica, L.V.: Role of postoperative feeding experience in recovery from lateral hypothalamic damage. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 72: 60–65, 1970.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Donovick, P.J., Burright, R.G., Fuller. J.L. and Branson, P.R.: Septal lesions and behavior: effects of presurgical rearing and strain of mouse. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 89: 859–867. 1975.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Donovick, P.J., Burricht, R.G. and Swidler, M.A.: Presurgical rearing environment alters exploration, fluid consumption, and learning of septal lesioned and control rats. Physiol. Behay. 11: 543–553, 1973.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Douglas, R.J.: The hippocampus and behavior. Psychol. Bull. 67: 416–442, 1967.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Douglas. R.J.: Pavlovian conditioning and the brain; in Boakes and Halliday, Inhibition and learning. pp. 327–361 ( Academic Press. New York 1972 ).

    Google Scholar 

  22. Dru, D.. Walker. J.P. and Walker. J.B.: Self-produced locomotion restores visual capacity after striate lesions. Science 187: 265–266. 1975.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Eayrs, J.T.: Thyroid and developing brain: anatomical and behavioral effects; in Hamburgh and Barrington, Hormones in development. pp. 345–355 ( Appleton-Century-crofts. New-York 1971 ).

    Google Scholar 

  24. Eidelberg. E. and Stein. D.G.: Functional recovery after lesions of the nervous system. Neurosciences Research Program Bull. 12: 190–303. 1974.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Ellen, P., Aitken, W.CChrw(133)fr. and Walker. R.: Pretraining effects on performance of rats with hippocampal lesions. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 84: 622–628. 1973.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Ferchmin. P.A.. Bennett. E.L. and Rosenzweig, VI.R.: Direct contact with enriched environment is required to alter cerebral weights in rats. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 88: 360–367. 1975.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Frankova. S.: Influence of early social environment on behaviour of the protein-calorie malnourished rats. Act. Nerv. sup. (Prague) 16 (2): 98–99, 1974.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Fuller, J.L.: Experimental deprivation and later behavior. Science 158: 1645–1652. 1967.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Gazzaniga, M.S.: Determinants of cerebral recovery: in Stein. Rosen and Butters. Plasticity and recovery of function in the central nervous system, pp. 203–215 ( Academic Press, New York 1974 ).

    Google Scholar 

  30. Geschwind. N.: Late changes in the nervous system: an overview; in Stein. Rosen and Butters, Plasticity and recovery of function in the central nervous system ( Academic Press. New York. 1974 ).

    Google Scholar 

  31. Glendenning. R.L.: Effects of training between two unilateral lesions of visual cortex upon ultimate retention of black-white discrimination habits in rats. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol80: 216–229, 1972.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Glick, S.D.: Changes in drug sensitivity and mechanisms of functional recovery following brain damage; in Stein. Rosen and Butters, Plasticity and recovery of function in the central nervous system, pp. 339–372 ( Academic Press, New York 1974 ).

    Google Scholar 

  33. Glick, S.D. and Greenstein. S.: Facilitation of lateral hypothalamic recovery by postoperative administration of alpha-methyl-p-tyrosine. Brain Res. 73: 180–183, 1974.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Gotsick, J.E. and Marshall, R.C.: Time course of the septal rage syndrome. Physiol. Behay. 9: 685–687, 1972.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Greenough. W.T.. Fass, B. and Devoogd, T.J.: The influence of experience on recovery following brain damage in rodents: hypotheses based on development research; in Walsh and Greenough. Environments as therapy for brain dysfunction, pp. 10–50 ( Plenum Press, New York 1976 ).

    Google Scholar 

  36. Harrell, L.E., Raubeson, R. and Balagura. S.: Acceleration of functional recovery following lateral hypothalamic damage by means of electrical stimulation in the lesioned areas. Physiol. Behay. 12: 897–899, 1974.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Hebb, D.O.: Organization of behavior ( John Wiley and Sons, New York 1949 ).

    Google Scholar 

  38. Herndon, J.G. and Neill. D.B.: Amphetamine reversal of sexual impairment following anterior hypothalamic lesions in female rats. Pharmac. Biochem. Behay. I: 285–288, 1973.

    Google Scholar 

  39. Isaac, W.: Role of stimulation and time in the effects of spaced occipital ablations. Psychol. Rep. 14: 151–154. 1964.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. Isaacson. R.L.: The myth of recovery from early brain damage; in Ellis, Aberrant development in infancy ( Lawrence Erlbaum Associates, Potomac 1975 ).

    Google Scholar 

  41. Kennard, M.A.: Age and other factors in motor recovery from precentral lesions in monkeys. Amer. J. Physiol. 115: 138–146, 1936.

    Google Scholar 

  42. Kimble, D.P.: Possible inhibitory functions of the hippocampus. Neuropsychologia 7: 235–244, 1969.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Kircher. K.A.. Braun. J.J.. Meyer. D.R. and Meyer. P.M.: Equivalence of simultaneous and successive neocortical ablations in production of impairments of retention of black-white habits in rats. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 71: 420–425. 1970.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Kuenzle C.C. and Knusel. A.: Mass training of rats in a superenriched environment. Physiol. Behay. 13: 205–210. 1974.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Leboeuf. B.J. and Peeke. H.V.S.: The effect of strychinine administration during development on adult maze learning in the rat. Psychopharmacologia (Berl.) 16: 49–53. 1969.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Levi-Montalcini, R. and Angeletti. P.U.: Nerve growth factor. Physiol. Rev. 48: 534–569. 1968.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Levitskv. D.A. and Barnes. R.H.: Nutritional and environmental interactions: in the behavioral development of the Rat: Long-term effects. Science 176: 68–70. 1972.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Lund. R.D. and Hauschka. S.D.: Transplanted neural tissue develops connections with host rat brain. Science 193: 582–584, 1976.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Luria. A.R.: Restoration of function after brain injury ( Macmillan. New York 1963 ).

    Google Scholar 

  50. Luria. A.R.. Naydin. V.L., Tsvetkova. L.S. and Vinarskaya. E.N.: Restoration of higher cortical function following local brain damage: in Winken and Bruun. Handbook of Clinical Neurology. vol. 3 ( North-Holland. Amsterdam. 1969 ).

    Google Scholar 

  51. Macht. M.B.: Effects of d-ainphetamine on hemidecorticate. decorticate. and decerebrate cats. Fed. Proc. 63: 731–732. 1950.

    Google Scholar 

  52. Matinian. L.A. and Andreasian. A.S.: Enzyme therapy in organic lesions of the spinal cord (en Russe: résumé Anglais): in Akademia Nauk Armenian SSR. pp. 1–94. 1973.

    Google Scholar 

  53. McKhann. Ç.M.. Coyle. P.K. and Benjamins. J.A.: Nutrition and brain development: in Nurnberger. Biological and environmental determinants of early development. pp. 10–22 ( The Williams and Wilkins Company. Baltimore 1973 ).

    Google Scholar 

  54. Meissner. W.W.: Hippocampal functions in learning. J. Psvchiat. Res. 4: 235–304. 1966.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Meyer. P.M.. Horel. J.A. and Meyer. D.R.: Effects of dl-amphetamine upon placing responses in neodecorticate cats. J. Comp. Physiol. Psycho]. 56: 402–404. 1963.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Meyer, D.R.. Isaac. W. and Maher, B.: The role of stimulation in spontaneous reorganisation of visual habits. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 51: 546–548. 1958.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Milner, B.: Hemispheric specialization: Scope and limits: in Schmitt and Worden, The neurosciences: Third study program, pp. 75–89 ( M.I.T. Press. Cambridge Mass. 1973 ).

    Google Scholar 

  58. Novack, M.A. and Harlow, H.F.: Social recovery of monkeys isolated for the first year of life. I. Rehabilitation and therapy (En préparation. cité dans 80).

    Google Scholar 

  59. Osterholme. J.L. and Mathews. G.L.: Altered norepinephrine metabolism following experimental spinal cord injury. I I. Protection against traumatic spinal cord hemorrhagic necrosis by norepinephrine synthesis blockade with alpha-methyltyrosine. J. Neurosurg. 36: 395–401, 1972.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  60. Paillard. J.: Réflexions sur l’usage du concept de plasticité en neurobiologie. J. Psychologie 1: 33–47, 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  61. Peeke, H.V.S., Leboeuf. B.J. and Herz. M.J.: The effect of strychnine administration during development on adult maze learning in the rat. II: Drug administration from day 51–70. Psychopharmacologia (Berl.) 19: 262–265. 1971.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Petrinovich. L. and Bliss. D.: Retention of a learned brightness discrimination following ablations of the occipital cortex in the rat. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 61: 136–138, 1966.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Petrinovich, L. and Carew, T.J.: Interaction of neocortical lesion size and interoperative experience in retention of a learned brightness discrimination. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 68: 451–454. 1969.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Rabinovitch. M.S. and Rosvold. H.E.: A closed-field intelligence test for rats. Can J. Psychol. 5: 122–128, 1951.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Riege. W.H. and Morimoto, H.: Effects of chronic stress and differential environments upon brain weights and biogenic amine levels in rats. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 70: 396–404, 1970.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  66. Rosenzweig. M.R.: Effects of environment on development of brain and of behavior; in Tobach. Aronson and Shaw. The biopsychology of development, pp. 303–342 ( Academic Press, New York 1971 ).

    Google Scholar 

  67. Rosenzweig. M.R. and Bennett. E.L.: Cerebral changes in rats exposed individually to an enriched environment. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 80: 304–313, 1972.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  68. Rosenzweig. M.R., Bennett. E.L. and Diamond. M.C.: Brain changes in response to experience. Scientific American, 22–30, 1972.

    Google Scholar 

  69. Sarno. M.T., Silverman. M. and Sands. E.: Speech therapy and language recovery in severe aphasia. J. Speech Hear. Res. 13: 607–623. 1970.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Schmaltz. L.W. and Isaacson. R.L.: The effects of preliminary training conditions upon DRL performance in the hippocampal destruction. Physiol. Behay. l: 175–182, 1966.

    Google Scholar 

  71. Schwartz. S.: Effect of neonatal cortical lesions and early environmental factors on adult rat behavior. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 57: 72–77. 1964.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Scott, J.P.: The process of primary socialization in the dog: in Newton and Levine, Early Experience and behavior (C.C. Thomas, Springfield, Ill. 1968 ).

    Google Scholar 

  73. Smith. C.J.: Mass action and early environment in the rat. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 52: 154–156. 1959.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Stenevi, U.. Bjerre. B.. Björklund, A.. Mobley. W.: Effects of localized intracerebral injections of nerve growth factor on the regenerative growth of lesioned central noradrenergic neurons. Brain Res., 69: 217–234, 1974.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Steveni. U., Björklund. A. and Svendgaard. N.A.: Transplantation of central and peripheral monoamine neurons to the adult rat brain: techniques and conditions for survival. Brain Research. 114: 1–20, 1976.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  76. Stern, P., McDowell, F., Miller, J.M. and Robinson, M.: Factors influencing stroke rehabilitation. Stroke 2: 213–218, 1971.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Stricker, E.M. and Zigmond, M.J.: Recovery of function following damage to central catecholamine-containing neurons: A neurochemical model for the lateral hypothalamic syndrome: in Sprague and Epstein, Progress in Psychobiology and Physiological Psychology, vol. 6 (Academic Press, New York - in press).

    Google Scholar 

  78. Suomi, S.J. and Harlow, H.F.: Social rehabilitation of isolate-reared monkeys. Develop. psychol.. 6: 487–496, 1972.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  79. Suomi, S.J., Harlow. H.F. and McKinney, W.T., Jr.: Monkey psychiatrists. Amer. J. Psychiat., 128: 927–932, 1972.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  80. Suomi, S.J., Harlow, H.F. and Novak, M.A.: Reversal of social deficits produced by isolation rearing in monkeys. J. Hum. evol., 3: 527–534. 1974.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  81. Tanabe, G.: Remediating maze deficiencies by the use of environmental enrichment. Develop. Psychol. 7.: 224, 1972.

    Google Scholar 

  82. Tees, R.C.: The effects of neonatal striate lesions and visual experience on form discrimination in the rat. Canad. J. Psychol. 29: 66–85, 1975.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Tees, R.C.: Depth perception after infant and adult visual neocortical lesions in light-and dark-reared rats. Dev. Psychobiol. 9: 223–235, 1976.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Teuber. H.L.: Recovery of function after lesions of the central nervous system: History and prospects; in Eidelberg and Stein, Functional recovery after lesions of the nervous system. Neurosciences Research Program Bulletin 12: 190–303, 1974.

    Google Scholar 

  85. Thompson, R.: Retention of a brightness discrimination following neocortical damage in the rat. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 53: 212–215, 1960.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. De La Torre, J.C., Johnson, C. M., Harris, L.H., Kajihara, K. and Mullan, S.: Monoamine changes in experimental head and spinal cord trauma: failure to confirm previous observations. Surg. Neurol. 2: 5–11, 1974.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  87. Ward, A.A., Jr. and Kennard, M.A.: Effect of cholinergie drugs of the central nervous system in monkeys. Yale J. Biol. Med. 15: 189–229, 1942.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Weinstein, S. and Teuber, H.L.: The role of preinjury education and intelligence level in intellectual loss after brain injury. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol. 50: 535–539, 1957.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  89. Wells, A.M., Geist, C.R. and Zimmerman, R.R.: Influence of environmental and nutritional factors on problem solving in the rat. Percep. Mot. Skills 35: 235–244, 1972.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  90. Wepman, J. M.: Recovery from aphasia ( Ronald Press. New York. 1951 ).

    Google Scholar 

  91. Will, B.: Les différences individuelles dans les capacités d’apprentissage: contribution a leur étude comportementale et biochimique chez le rat. Thèse de doctorat non publiée. Université Louis Pasteur, Strasbourg, 1974.

    Google Scholar 

  92. Will, B.E.: Effets de l’environnement physique et social sur la récupération comportementale après lésions cérébrales chez le rat (en préparation).

    Google Scholar 

  93. Will, B. and Checchinato. D.: Effects of d-amphetamine on the operant behavior in the rat. Psychopharmacologia 29: 141–149, 1973.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Will. B.E. and Rosenzweig. M.R.: Effets de l’environnement sur la récupération fonctionnelle après lésions cérébrales chez des rats adultes. Biol. Behay. (Paris) I: 5–16. 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  95. Will, B.E.. Rosenzweig. M.R. and Bennett. E.L.: Effects of differential environments on recovery from neonatal brain lesions, measured by problem-solving scores and brain dimensions. Physiol. Behay. 16: 603–611. 1976.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Will, B.E., Rosenzweig. M.R., Bennett. E.L., Hebert. M. and Vlorimoto, H.: Relatively brief environmental enrichment aids recovery of learning capacity and alters brain measures after postweaning brain lesions in rats. J. Comp. Physiol. Psychol.. 91: 33–59 1977.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  97. Will. B.E.. Sutter, A.R. and Offerlin. M.R.: Effets de la méthamphétamine et d’un environnement complexe sur la récupération comportementale après atteinte cérébrale. Psychopharmacologia (Berl.). 51: 273–277. 1977.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  98. Zilbert. D.E. and Riesen. A. H.: A comparison of the effects of infant and adult retinal lesions upon visual acuity in the rabbit. Exp. Neurol. 33: 445–458, 1971.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. B. E. Will
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Samuel R. Berenberg M.D.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1977 Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague, Netherlands

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Will, B.E. (1977). Methods for Promoting Functional Recovery Following Brain Damage. In: Berenberg, S.R. (eds) Brain. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-8884-5_24

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-8884-5_24

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-011-8221-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-8884-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation