Standing Waters: Lakes, Ponds and Pools

Abstract

Fresh waters have traditionally been divided into two types—standing waters and running waters—and this is a definite and acceptable start to their classification. Though occasional problems may arise (e. g. with canals and the backwaters of slow-flowing rivers) there is usually little difficulty in deciding whether a water belongs to the standing or the running water series. Rarely are the two unconnected, however, for many running waters pass directly into standing ones or have standing waters in their catchments, and most standing waters receive several running waters, and exit via a single running outflow.