Skip to main content

Part of the book series: Pollution Monitoring Series ((PMS))

Abstract

In many parts of the world Zn deficiency is a common phenomenon, often occurring in economically important crops. At the other end of the scale many of man’s activities are increasing Zn levels in the environment, often to toxic levels. Whether the problem is deficiency or toxicity there is a need for knowledge to describe how Zn exists in the soil, enters and is transported within the plant, and the role it plays in the biochemistry and physiology of the plant.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Ambler, J. E., J. C. Brown and H. G. Gauch (1970). Effect of Zn on translocation of Fe in soybean plants. Plant Physiol. 46: 320–3.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Antonovics, J., A. D. Bradshaw and R. G. Turner (1971). Heavy metal tolerance in plants. Adv. Ecol. Res. 7: 1–85.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barber, S. A., J. M. Walker and E. H. Vasey (1963). Mechanisms for the movement of plant nutrients from the soil and fertiliser to the plant root. J. Agr. Food Chem. 11: 204–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bar-Yosef, B. (1979). pH-dependent Zn adsorption by soils. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proe. 43: 1095–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Beauford, W., J. Barber and A. R. Barringer (1975). Heavy metal release from plants into the atmosphere. Nature. 256:35–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Beckett, P. H. T. and R. D. Davis (1977). Upper critical levels of toxic elements in plants. New Phytol. 79: 95–106.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bittell, J. E., D. E. Koeppe and R. J. Miller (1974). Sorption of heavy metal cations by corn mitochondria and the effects on electron and energy transfer reactions. Physiol. Plant. 30: 226–30.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boawn, L. C. (1974). Residual availability of fertiliser Zn. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 38: 800–3.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boawn, L. C. (1976). Sequel to residual availability of fertiliser Zn. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 40: 467–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boawn, L. C. and J. C. Brown (1968). Further evidence for a P-Zn imbalance in plants. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 32: 94–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boawn, L. C., F. G. Viets and C. L. Crawford (1954). Effect of P fertilisers on Zn nutrition of field beans. Soil Sci. 78: 1–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Boawn. L. C., F. G. Viets and C. L. Crawford (1957). Plant utilisation of Zn from various types of Zn compounds and fertiliser materials. Soil Sci. 83: 219–27.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bolland. M. D. A., A. M. Posner and J. P. Quirk (1977). Zn adsorption by goethite in the absence and presence of phosphate. Aust. J. Soil Res. 15: 279–86.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Bowen, J. E. (1969). Absorption of Cu, Zn and Mn by sugar cane tissue. Plant Physiol. 44: 255–61.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Brookes, A., J. C. Collins and D. A. Thurman (1981). The mechanism of Zn tolerance in grasses. J. Plant Nutr. (in press).

    Google Scholar 

  • Carroll, M. D. and J. F. Loneragan (1969). Response of plant species to concentration of Zn in solution. II. Rates of Zn absorption and their relation to growth. Aust. J. Agric. Res. 20: 457–63.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chaney, R. L., J. C. Brown and L. O. Tiffin (1972). Obligatory reduction of ferric chelates in iron uptake by soybeans. Plant Physiol. 50: 208–13.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chaudhry, R. M. and J. F. Loneragan (1970). Effects of nitrogen, Cu and Zn fertilisers on the Cu and Zn nutrition of wheat plants. Aust. J. Agric. Res. 21: 865–79.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chaudhry, F. M. and J. F. Loneragan (1972a). Zinc absorption by wheat seedlings: I. Inhibition by macronutrient ions in short-term experiments and its relevance to long-term zinc nutrition. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 36: 323–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chaudhry. F. M. and J. F. Loneragan (1972b). Zinc absorption by wheat seedlings. II. Inhibition by hydrogen ions and by micronutrient cations. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 36: 327–31.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Chaudhry, F. M. and J. F. Loneragan (1972c). Zn absorption by wheat seedlings and the nature of its inhibition by alkaline earth cations. J. exp. Bot. 23: 552–60.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Cherian, M. G. and R. A. Goyer (1978). Metallothioneins and their role in the metabolism and toxicity of metals. Life Sciences. 23: 1–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davis, R. D. and P. H. T. Beckett (1978). Upper critical levels of toxic elements in plants II. New Phytol. 80: 23–32.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • De Filippis, L. F. (1979). The effect of heavy metal compounds on the permeability of Chlorella cells. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 92: 39–49.

    Google Scholar 

  • De Filippis, L. F. and C. K. Pallaghy (1976). The effect of sub-lethal concentrations of Hg and Zn on Chlorella. 2. Photosynthesis and pigment composition. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 78: 314–22.

    Google Scholar 

  • De Kock, P. C. and R. L. Mitchell (1957). Uptake of chelated metals by plants. Soil Sci. 84: 55–62.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Elgawhary, S. M., W. L. Lindsay and W. D. Kemper (1970a). Effect of EDTA on the self diffusion of Zn in aqueous solutions and in soil. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 34: 66–70.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Elgawhary, S. M., W. L. Lindsay and W. D. Kemper (1970b). Effect of complexing agents and acids on the diffusion of Zn to a simulated root. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 34: 211–14.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ellis, B. G. and B. G. Knezek (1972). Adsorption reactions of micronutrients in soils. In: Micronutrients in Agriculture (J. J. Mortvedt, P. M. Giordano and W. L. Lindsay (eds)), Soil Sci. Soc. Am., Madison, Wisconsin, pp. 59–78.

    Google Scholar 

  • Evans, G. W., P. E. Johnson, J. F. Brushmiller and R.W. Ames (1979). Detection of labile Zn-binding ligands in biological fluids by modified gel filtration chromatography. Anal. Chem. 51: 839–43.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Foy, C. D., R. L. Chaney and M. C. White (1978). The physiology of metal toxicity in plants. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 29: 511–66.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Geering, H. R. and J. F. Hodgson (1969). Micronutrient complexes in soil solution. 3. Characterisation of soil solution ligands and their complexes with Zn and Cu. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 33: 54–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Goodman, B. A. and D. J. Linehan (1979). An electron paramagnetic resonance study of the uptake of Mn(II) and Cu(II) by wheat roots. In: The Soil-root Interface (J. L. Harley and R. Scott-Russell (eds)), Academic Press, London, pp. 69–82.

    Google Scholar 

  • Halvorson, A. D. and W. L. Lindsay (1972). Equilibrium relationships of metal chelates in hydroponic solutions. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 36: 755–61.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Halvorson, D. and W. L. Lindsay (1977). The critical Zn concentration for corn and the non-absorption of chelated Zn. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 41: 531–4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hampp, R., K. Beulich and H. Ziegler (1976). Effects of Zn and Cd on photosynthetic CO2 fixation and Hill activity of isolated spinach chloroplasts. Z. Pflanzenphysiol. 77: 336–44.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hewitt, E. J. and T. A. Smith (1974). Plant Mineral Nutrition. English Universities Press Ltd, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hodgson, J. F. (1963). Chemistry of the micronutrient elements in soils. Adv. Agron. 15: 119–59.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Hodgson, J. F., W. L. Lindsay and J. F. Trierweiler (1966). Micronutrient cation complexing in soil solution. II. Complexing of Zn and Cu in displacing solution from calcareous soils. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 30: 723–6.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jurinak, J. J. and T. S. Inouye (1962). Some aspects of Zn and Cu phosphate formation in aqueous systems. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 26: 144–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Jyung, W. H., A. Ehmann, K. K. Schlender and J. Scala (1975). Zn nutrition and starch metabolism in Phaseolus vulgaris L. Plant Physiol. 55: 414–20.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Keilin, D. and T. Mann (1940). Carbonic anhydrase. Purification and nature of the enzyme. Biochem. J. 34: 1163–76.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kleiner, D. (1974). The effect of Zn ions on mitochondrial electron transport. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 165:121–5.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Krauskopf, K. B. (1972). Geochemistry of micronutrients. In: Micronutrients in Agriculture (J. J. Mortvedt, P. M. Giordano and W. L. Lindsay (eds)), Soil Sci. Soc. Am., Madison, Wisconsin, pp. 7–40.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lambert, D. H., D. G. Baker and H. Cole (1979). The role of mycorrhizae in the interactions of P with Zn, Cu and other elements. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 43: 976–80.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lerch, K. (1980). Cu metallothionein, a Cu-binding protein from N. Crassa. Nature. 284: 368–70.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lindsay. W. L. (1972a). Zinc in soils and plant nutrition. Adv. Agron. 24: 147–86.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Lindsay, W. L. (1972b). Inorganic phase equilibria of micronutrients in soils. In: Micronutrients in Agriculture (J.J. Mortvedt, P. M. Giordano and W. L. Lindsay (eds)). Soil Sci. Soc. Am., Madison, Wisconsin, pp. 41–57.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lindsay, W. L. (1974). Role of chelation in micronutrient availability. In: The Plant Root and its Environment (E. W. Carson (ed)). University Press of Virginia, Va., pp. 507–24.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lindsay. W. L. and W. A. Norvell (1969). Reactions of EDTA complexes of Fe. Zn. Mn. and Cu with soils. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 33: 86–91.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Loneragan. J. F. (1977). Plant efficiencies in the use of B, Co. Cu, Mn and Zn. In: Plant Adaptation to Mineral Stress in Problem Soils. Special Publ. Cornell Univ. Agric. Exp. Stn., Ithaca. New York, pp. 193–203.

    Google Scholar 

  • Loneragan. J. F., T. S. Grove, A. D. Robson and K. Snowball (1979). P toxicity as a factor in Zn P interactions in plants. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 43: 966–72.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Massey. H. F. and F. A. Loeffel (1967). Factors in interstrain variation in Zn content of maize (Zea mays L.) kernels. Agron. J. 59: 214–17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mortvedt. J. J., P. M. Giordano and W. L. Lindsay (eds) (1972). Micronutrients in Agriculture. Soil Sci. Soc. Am., Madison, Wisconsin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nambiar, E. K. S. (1975). Mobility and plant uptake of micronutrients in relation to soil water content. In: Trace Elements in Soil-Plant-Animal Systems (D. J. D. Nicholas and A.R. Egan (eds)). Academic Press, London, pp. 151–63.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ohki, K. (1976). Effect of Zn nutrition on photosynthesis and carbonic anhydrase activity in cotton. Physiol. Plant. 38: 300–4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ohki. K. (1978). Zn concentration in soybean as related to growth, photosynthesis, and carbonic anhydrase activity. Crop Sci. 18: 79–82.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Olsen, S. R. (1972). Micronutrient interactions. In: Micronutrients in Agriculture (J. J. Mortvedt, P. M. Giordano and W. L. Lindsay (eds)), Soil Sci. Soc. Am., Madison, Wisconsin, pp. 243–64.

    Google Scholar 

  • Peterson, C. A. and W. E. Rauser (1979). Callose deposition and photoassimilate export in P. vulgaris exposed to excess Co, Ni and Zn. Plant Physiol. 63: 1170–4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Price, C. A., H. E. Clark and H. E. Funkhouser (1972). Functions of micronutrients in plants. In: Micronutrients in Agriculture (J.J. Mortvedt, P. M. Giordano and W. L. Lindsay (eds)), Soil Sci. Soc. Am., Madison, Wisconsin, pp. 731–42.

    Google Scholar 

  • Quirk, J. P. and A. M. Posner (1975). Trace element adsorption on mineral surfaces. In: Trace Elements in Soil-Plant-Animal Systems (D. J. D. Nicholas and A.R. Egan (eds)), Academic Press, London, pp. 95–107.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rahimi, A. and W. Bussler (1978). Makro-und Mikrosymptome des Zinkmangels bei höheran Pflanzen. Z. Pflanzenernaehr Bodenkd. 141: 567–81.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Randhawa, N. S. and F. C. Broadbent (1965). Soil organic matter-metal complexes. 5. Reactions of Zn with model compounds and humic acid. Soil Sci. 99: 295–300.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Riceman, D. S. and G. B. Jones (1958). Distribution of Zn and Cu in subterranean clover (Trifolium subterraneum L.) grown in solution cultures supplied with graduated amounts of Zn. Aust. J. Agric. Res. 9: 73–122.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rosen, J. A., C. S. Pike and M. L. Golden (1977). Zn, Fe, and chlorophyll metabolism in Zn-toxic corn. Plant Physiol. 59: 1085–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Safaya, N. M. (1976). P-Zn interaction in relation to absorption rates of P, Zn, Cu, Mn and Fe in corn. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 40: 719–22.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Salami, V. A. and D. G. Kenefick (1970). Stimulation of growth in Zn-deficient corn seedlings by the addition of tryptophan. Crop Sci. 10: 291–4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Samarakoon, A. B. and W. E. Rauser (1979). Carbohydrate levels and photoassimilate export from leaves of P. vulgaris exposed to excess Co, Ni and Zn. Plant Physiol. 63: 1165–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Schmid, W. E., H. P. Haag and E. Epstein (1965). Absorption of Zn by excised barley roots. Physiol. Plant. 18: 860–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Shulka, U. C. and H. Raj (1976). Zn response in corn as influenced by genetic variability. Agron. J. 68: 20–2.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stanton, D. A. and R. du T. Burger (1967). Availability to plants of Zn sorbed by soil and hydrous iron oxides. Geoderma. 1: 13–17.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Stevenson, F. J. and M. S. Ardakani (1972). Organic matter reactions involving micronutrients in soils. In: Micronutrients in Agriculture (J. J. Mortvedt, P. M. Giordano and W. L. Lindsay (eds)), Soil Sci. Soc. Am., Madison, Wisconsin, pp. 79–114.

    Google Scholar 

  • Swaminathan, K. and B. C. Verma (1979). Responses of three crop species to vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal infection on Zn-deficient Indian soils. New Phytol. 82: 481–7.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Takaki, H. and M. Kushizaki (1970). Accumulation of free tryptophan and tryptamine in Zn deficient maize seedlings. Plant Cell Physiol. 11: 793–804.

    Google Scholar 

  • Takkar, P. N. and T. Mann (1978). Toxic levels of soil and plant Zn for maize and wheat. Plant Soil. 49: 667–9.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Thomson, W. N. and T. E. Weier (1962). The fine structure of chloroplasts from mineral-deficient leaves of Phaseolus vulgaris. Am. J. Bot. 49: 1047–55.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tiffin, L. O. (1967). Translocation of Mn, Fe, Co and Zn in tomato. Plant Physiol. 42: 1427–32.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Tinker, P. B. H. (1975). Effects of vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizas on higher plants. S. E. B. Symposium, 29. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, pp. 325–49.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tukey, H. B. Jr., H. B. Tukey and S. H. Witwer (1958). Loss of nutrients by foliar leaching as determined by radioisotopes. Proc. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci. 71: 496–506.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vallee, B. L.(1976). Zinc biochemistry: A perspective. Trends Biochem. Sciences. April: 88-91.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vallee, B. L. and J. F. Riordan (1969). Chemical approaches to the properties of active sites of enzymes. Ann. Rev. Biochem. 38: 753–94.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Van Goor, B. J. and D. Wiersma (1976). Chemical forms of Mn and Zn in phloem exudates. Physiol. Plant. 36: 213–16.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Veltrup, W. (1978). Characteristics of Zn uptake by barley roots. Physiol. Plant. 42: 190–4.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Warncke, D. D. and S. A. Barber (1972). Diffusion of Zn in soil. I. The influence of soil moisture. Soil Soc. Amer. Proc. 36: 39–42.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • White, M. C., R. L. Chaney and A. M. Decker (1979). Role of roots and shoots of soybean in tolerance to excess soil zinc. Crop Sci. 19: 126–8.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wilkinson, H. F. (1972). Movement of micronutrients to plant roots. In: Mieronutrients in Agriculture (J.J. Mortvedt, P.M. Giordano and W. L. Lindsay (eds)), Soil Sci. Soc. Am., Madison, Wisconsin, pp. 139–69.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilkinson, H. F., J. F. Loneragan and J. P. Quirk (1968). The movement of Zn to plant roots. Soil Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc. 32: 831–3.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Wyn-Jones, R. G. and M. H. Sutcliff (1972). Some physiological aspects of heavy metal tolerance in A grostis tenuis. Welsh Soils Discussion Group Report No. 13, pp.1-15.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zunino, H., M. Aguilera, M. Caiozzi, P. Peirano, F. Borie and J. P. Martin (1979). Metal binding organic macromolecules in soil 3. Competition of Mg(II) and Zn(II) for binding sites in humic and fulvic-type model polymers. Soil Sci. 128:257–66.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1981 Applied Science Publishers Ltd

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Collins, J.C. (1981). Zinc. In: Lepp, N.W. (eds) Effect of Heavy Metal Pollution on Plants. Pollution Monitoring Series. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-7339-1_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-7339-1_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-011-7341-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-7339-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics