Ocular Pharmacology

Abstract

Topical application of drugs is effective for most conditions involving the anterior segment of the eye. Systemic administration and local injections into the sub-conjunctival or retrobulbar space are necessary to achieve therapeutic levels for the retina and choroid. A list of commonly used drugs is given in Table 1. Drops are usually more easily applied by the patient and avoid the blurred vision caused by the smearing of the cornea with ointments. The use of methylcellulose, as in Isopto Carpine, and polyvinyl alcohol, as in Sno Pilo, increase the viscosity of the solutions, which is said to increase the contact time of the solutions with the eye and is more comfortable for the patient.