Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Nutritional Aspects of Obesity

  • Chapter
Nutrition and Medical Practice

Abstract

Obesity is a common problem in all affluent societies. Estimates of the number of overweight individuals in the United States vary from 10 to 50 million, depending upon the criteria used. Using 20% above desirable weight as the index of obesity, recent prevalence data for this country show that 24% of the women and 14% of men aged 18 to 74 are overweight1. These numbers indicate that at least 16.3 million American women and 8.5 million American men are significantly overweight. The importance of these data lies in the associated medical and social risks and the current social setting which says that “thin is in”.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. BRAY, G.A. Obesity in America (G.A. Bray, ed). Washington, B.C., DHEW Publ. No. (NIH) 79–359, 1979, p. 4.

    Google Scholar 

  2. UNITED STATES, SENATE COMMITTEE ON NUTRITION AND HUMAN NEEDS. Committee Print: Dietary Goals for the United States. 95th Congress, 1st session, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  3. BRAY, G.A. The obese patient. Vol IX in the series: Major Problems in Internal Medicine, Philadelphia, W.B. Saunders Co., 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  4. BRAY, G.A. Definition, measurement, and classification of the syndromes of obesity. Int. J. Obesity 2:99–112, 1978.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. RECOMMENDED DIETARY ALLOWANCES. National Academy of Sciences. Washington, D.C., 9th revised edition, 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  6. STUNKARD, A.J. and RUSH, J., Dieting and depression reexamined. A critical review of reports of untoward responses during weight reduction for obesity. Ann. Intern. Med. 81:526–533, 1974.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. BERLAND, T. Diets ’79 Everything you should know about the diets making news. Consumer Guide Magazine Health Quarterly, V. 223, Spring 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  8. PILKINGTON, T.R.E., GAINSBOROUGH, H., ROSENOER, V.M. and CAREY, M. Diet and weight reduction in the obese. Lancet 1:856,1960.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. KINSELL, L.W., GUNNING, B., MICHAELS, G.D., RICHARDSON, J., COX, S.E., and LEMON, C. Calories do count. Metabolism 13:195–204, 1964.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. YANG, M.U., and VAN ITALLIE, T.B.: Composition of weight lost during short-term weight reduction. J. Clin. Invest. 58:722–730, 1976.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. YOUNG, C.M., SCANLAN, S.S., IM, H.S. and LUTWAK, L. Effect on body composition and other parameters in obese young men of carbohydrate level of reduction diet. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 24:290–296, 1971.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. YOUNG, C.M., HUTTER, L.F., SCANLAN, S.S., RAND, C.E., LUTWAK, L. and SIMKA, V. Metabolic effects of meal frequency in normal young men. J. Amer. Diet Assoc. 61:391–398, 1972.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. STUNKARD, A.J., and McLAREN-HUME, M. The results of treatment for obesity. Arch. Intern. Med. 103:79–85, 1959.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. WING, R.R., and JEFFERY, R.W. Outpatient treatments of obesity: A comparison of methodology and clinical results. Int. J. Obesity 3:261–279, 1979.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. STUART, R.B., and DAVIS, B. Slim chance in a fat world: Behavioral control of obesity. Champaign, Illinois, Research Press Co, 1972.

    Google Scholar 

  16. FERGUSON, J.M. Habits, Not Diets. Bull Publishing, Palo Alto, California, 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  17. JORDAN, H.A., LEVITZ, L.S., and KIMBRELL, G.M. Eating is Okay! A radical approach to successful weight loss. The behavioral-control diet explained in full, (edited by Steve Gelman) New York: Rawson Associated Publishers, Inc. 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  18. BRAY, G.A. Obesity. Disease-A-Month. XXVI (l):l-85, 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  19. STUART, R.B. Behavioral control over eating. Behav. Res. Ther. 5: 357–385, 1967.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. BULLEN, B.A., REED, R.B., and MAYER, J. Physical activity of obese and nonobese adolescent girls appraised by motion picture sampling. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 14:211–223, 1964.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. BRAY, G.A. Clinical management of the obese adult. Postgrad. Med. 51:125–130, 1972.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. GORDON, E.S., GOLDBERG, M., and CHOSY, G.J. A new concept in the treatment of obesity. JAMA 186:156–166, 1963.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. BRAY, G.A., MELVIN, K.E.W., and CHOPRA, I.J. Effect of triiodothyronine on some metabolic responses of obese patients. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 26:715–721, 1973.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. SCOVILLE, B. Review of amphetamine-like drugs by the Food and Drug Administration: Clinical data and value judgments. In: Obesity in Perspective. A conference sponsored by the John E. Fogarty International Center for Advanced Study in the Health Sciences. Ed. G. A. Bray. DHEW Publ. No. (NIH) 75–708, 1976, pp. 441–443.

    Google Scholar 

  25. SULLIVAN, A.C., and COMAI, K. Pharmacological treatment of obesity. Int. J. Obesity 2:167–189, 1978.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. DAHMS, W.T., MOLITCH, M., BRAY, G.A., GREENWAY, F.L., ATKINSON, R.L., and HAMILTON, K. Treatment of obesity: Cost-benefit assessment of behavioral therapy, placebo and two anorectic drugs. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 31(3):774–778, 1978.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. RODIN, J., BRAY, G.A., ATKINSON, R.L., DAHMS, W.T., GREENWAY, F.L., HAMILTON, K., and MOLITCH, M. Predictors of successful weight loss in an out-patient obesity clinic. Int. J. Obesity 1:40–48,1977.

    Google Scholar 

  28. ATKINSON, R.L., GREENWAY, F.L., BRAY, G.A., DAHMS, W.T., MOLITCH, M.E., HAMILTON, K., and RODIN, J. Treatment of Obesity: Comparison of physician and nonphysician therapists using placebo and anorectic drugs in a double-blind trial. Int. J. Obesity 1:113–120, 1977.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. SIMEONS, A.T.W. The action of chorionic gonadotropin in the obese. Lancet 2:946–947, 1954.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. GREENWAY, F.L., and BRAY, G.A. Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) in the treatment of obesity: A critical assessment of the Simeons method. West. J. Med. 127:461–463, 1977.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. DRENICK, E.J. Weight reduction by prolonged fasting. In: Obesity in Perspective. Fogarty International Center, Series on Preventive Medicine, (ed. G. A. Bray) DHEW Publ. No. (NIH) 75–708, 1976, pp. 341–360.

    Google Scholar 

  32. GENUTH, S.M., CASTRO, J.H., and VERTES, V. Weight reduction in obesity by outpatient semistarvation. JAMA 230:987–991, 1974.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. MOK, M.S., VOINA, S. and BRAY, G.A. Treatment of obesity by acupuncture. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 29:832–835, 1976.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. RODGERS, S., GOSS, A., GOLDNEY, R., THOMAS, D., BURNET, R., PHILLIPS, P., KIMBER, C., and HARDING, P. Jaw wiring treatment of obesity. Lancet 1:1221–1223, 1977.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. MASON, E.E., PRINTEN, K.J., BLOMMERS, T.J., and SCOTT, D.H. Gastric bypass for obesity after ten years experience. Int. J. Obesity 2: 197–206, 1978.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. KRAL, J.G. Vagotomy for treatment of severe obesity. Lancet 1:307- 309, 1978.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, UCLA School of Medicine, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California, USA

    Dr. George A. Bray M.D. (Professor)

Authors
  1. Dr. George A. Bray M.D.
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, University of South Florida College of Medicine, Tampa, USA

    Lewis A. Barness M.D. (Member of the Florida Medical Association, Professor and Chairman) (Member of the Florida Medical Association, Professor and Chairman)

  2. Jacksonville, Florida, USA

    Yank D. Coble Jr. M.D. (Member of the Florida Medical Association, Specialist in Endocrinology and Nutrition) (Member of the Florida Medical Association, Specialist in Endocrinology and Nutrition)

  3. Clearwater, Florida, USA

    Donald Ian MacDonald M.D. (Member of the Florida Medical Association) (Member of the Florida Medical Association)

  4. Nutrition Division, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA

    George Christakis M.D., M.P.H. (Member of the Florida Medical Association, Chief) (Member of the Florida Medical Association, Chief)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1981 The AVI Publishing Company, Inc.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Bray, G.A. (1981). Nutritional Aspects of Obesity. In: Barness, L.A., Coble, Y.D., MacDonald, D.I., Christakis, G. (eds) Nutrition and Medical Practice. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-6695-9_30

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-6695-9_30

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-011-6697-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-6695-9

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation