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Associated XH Frequencies, the Hydrogen Bond

  • Chapter
The Infrared Spectra of Complex Molecules

Abstract

Hydrogen bonds are formed in any XH... Y system in which the XH bond has some polarity and the Y atom some basicity. The strength of the hydrogen bond formed depends upon both of these functions, so that for example, the vOH frequency shift in the dimer of phenol is little different from that of the dimer of methanol, the greater acidity of the one being counterbalanced by the greater basicity of the other. The ability of an XH bond to associate in this way is directly linked to its ionic character and so to the electronegativity of the X atom. The halogen acids, OH groups and to a lesser extent NH groups are strong donors, whereas SH, PH and CH links usually form only weak hydrogen bonds. The requirements of the proton acceptor are less well defined, but the bonding normally involves a lone pair of electrons or less usually a π cloud.

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Bellamy, L.J. (1980). Associated XH Frequencies, the Hydrogen Bond. In: The Infrared Spectra of Complex Molecules. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-6520-4_8

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