Abstract
A four-month-old boy gives a beaming smile and begins cooing as his mother approaches. His eyes sparkle, and as he looks into her eyes, he becomes excited. Even though he is in an infant seat, his arms and legs begin to exercise in a bicycling motion while his face lights up. At times he looks away from Mom, and the excitement diminishes but soon he looks back to her. Quite naturally, she smiles and speaks endearingly. She also carries on her other activities.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Ainsworth, M.D., Blehar, M.C., Waters, E. and Wall, S. Patterns of Attachment. Hillsdale, New Jersey: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates (1978).
Brazelton, T.B. Neonatal Behavioral Assessment Scale. London: William Heinemann Medical Books Ltd., Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott Co. (1973).
Broussard, E.R. and Hartner, M.S. Further considerations regarding maternal perception of the first bom, in Hellmuth, J. (ed.), Exceptional Infant. Studies in Abnormalities, Volume 2. New York: Brunner/Mazel (1971).
Caplan, G., Mason, E. and Kaplan, DM. Four studies of crisis in parents of prematures. Comm. Ment. Health J., 1:149–161 (1965).
Charlesworth, W.R. The role of surprise in cognitive development, in Elkind, D. and Flavell, J.H. (eds.). Studies in Cognitive Development. New York and London: Oxford University Press (1969).
Chevalier-Skolnikoff, S. Facial expression of emotion in nonhuman primates, in Ekman, P. (ed.), Darwin and Facial Expression. New York: Academic Press (1973).
Darwin, C. Expression of Emotion in Man and Animals. London: John Murray (1904) (1872-original publication).
Ekman, P., Friesen, W.V. and Ellsworth, P. Emotion in the Human Face. New York: Pergamon Press, Inc. (1972).
Ekman, P. Darwin and Facial Expression. New York and London: Academic Press (1973).
Emde, R.N. Levels of meaning for infant emotions; a biosocial view. Collins, W. Andrew (ed.) Minnesota Symposia on Child Psychology. Vol. 13 (1979).
Emde, R.N., Gaensbauer, T.J. and Harmon, R.J. Emotional expression in infancy: A biobehavioral study, in Psychological Issues, A Monograph Series, Vol. 10, #37. New York: IUP (1976).
Emde, R.N. and Gaensbauer, T. Modeling emotion in human infancy, in Immelmann, K., Barlow, G., Main, M. and Petrinovitch, L. (eds.). Early Development in Animals and Man. West Germany: Zentrum für interdisziplinare Forschung, University of Bielefeld (1981).
Fleming, J. and Benedek, T. Psychoanalytic Supervision. New York: Grune and Stratton (1966)
Gaensbauer, T.J., Mrazek, D. and Emde, R.N. Patterning of emotional response in a modified “strange situation” paradigm. Inf. Behav. and Devel, 2:163–178 (1979).
Gaensbauer, T. and Sands, K. Distorted affective communication in abused/neglected infants and their potential impact on caretakers. J. Amer. Acad. Ch. Psychiat., 18: 236–250 (1979).
Gaensbauer, T.J., Mrazek, D. and Harmon, R.J. Behavioral observations of abused and/or neglected infants, in Frude, N. (ed.), Psychological Approaches to the Understanding and Prevention of Child Abuse. London: Batsford Academic, 1980.
Goldberg, S. Prematurity: Effects on parent-infant interaction. J. Pediat. Psychol, 3:137–144 (1978).
Gray, J.D., Cutler, C.A., Dean, J.G. and Kempe, C.H. Prediction and prevention of child abuse and neglect. Ch. Abuse and Negl, 1:45–58 (1977).
Hamburg, D.A. Emotions in the perspective of human evolution, in Knapp, P.H. (ed.), Expression of the Emotions in Man. New York: IUP (1963).
Harmon, R.J., Suwalsky, J.D. and Klein, R.P. Infants’ preferential response for mother versus an unfamiliar adult: Relationship to attachment. J. Amer. Acad. Ch. Psychiat., 18:437–449 (1979).
Izard, C. The Face of Emotion. New York: Appleton-Century-Crofts (1971).
Izard, C. Human Emotions. New York: Plenum Press (1977).
Izard, C. (this volume)
Leifer, A.D., Leiderman, P.H., Barnett, C.R. and Williams, J.A. Effects of mother-infant separation on maternal attachment behavior. Ch. Dev., 43:1203–1218 (1972).
Mahler, M.S., Pine, F. and Bergman, A. The Psychological Birth of the Human Infant. New York: Basic Books, Inc. (1975).
Myers, R.E. Cortical localization of emotion control. Invited lecture, American Psychological Association, Washington, September (1976).
Sameroff, A.J. and Chandler, M.J. Reproductive risk and the continuum of caretaking casualty, in Horowitz, F.D. (ed.), Child Development Research, Vol. IV. Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press (1975).
Sroufe, A. Socioemotional development, in Osofsky, J.D. (ed.), Handbook of Infant Development. New York: John Wiley and Sons (1979).
Stechler, G. and Carpenter, G. A viewpoint on early affective development, in Hellmuth, J. (ed.), Exceptional Infant, Vol. 1. The Normal Infant. New York: Brunner/Mazel (1967)
Thomas, A. and Chess, S. Temperament and Development. New York: Brunner/Mazel (1977).
Waddington, C. Organizers and Genes. London: Cambridge University Press (1940).
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1981 Spectrum Publications, Inc.
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Emde, R.N., Gaensbauer, T., Harmon, R.J. (1981). Using Our Emotions: Some Principles for Appraising Emotional Development and Intervention. In: Lewis, M., Taft, L.T. (eds) Developmental Disabilities. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-6314-9_25
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-6314-9_25
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-011-6316-3
Online ISBN: 978-94-011-6314-9
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive