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What is rarity?

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The Biology of Rarity

Part of the book series: Population and Community Biology Series ((PCBS,volume 17))

Abstract

The rare hold a curious fascination. A bizarre variety of objects considered to be rare are avidly sought and collected, studied and catalogued, bought and sold. The extent to which this general enthusiasm for rarity is manifest within the field of population and community biology is perhaps debatable. The practical issues of conservation aside, studies tend predominantly to be concerned with species which would not widely be considered as rare (Kunin and Gaston, 1993; Gaston, 1994a). Nonetheless, concepts of rarity are applied extensively in the relevant literatures, and indeed might be argued to pervade them. They are used in contexts as disparate as sampling, community structure and foraging theory. What, however, do we mean by rarity, in the context of population and community biology? At the outset of an exploration of the differences between rare and common organisms, we would do well to explore the definition of the term. In so doing a framework can be generated which provides some common foundation for interpreting the resultsof different studies and thence for comparing them.

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  1. Kevin J. Gaston
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biology, University of Leeds, Leeds, LS2 9JT, UK

    William E. Kunin (Lecturer in Ecology) (Lecturer in Ecology)

  2. Department of Animal and Plant Sciences, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN, UK

    Kevin J. Gaston (Royal Society University Research Fellow) (Royal Society University Research Fellow)

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Gaston, K.J. (1997). What is rarity?. In: Kunin, W.E., Gaston, K.J. (eds) The Biology of Rarity. Population and Community Biology Series, vol 17. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5874-9_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5874-9_3

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