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The Physics of Glassy Polymers pp 363–412Cite as

Rubber toughening

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Abstract

Glassy polymers are by definition hard and non-crystalline. Many glassy thermoplastics, and all thermosetting resins, also display another characteristic of glasses — brittleness. The discovery that materials as unpromising as polystyrene (PS) and epoxy resin can be toughened by the addition of 5–15% of a suitable rubber has therefore been of major importance to the plastics industry. Indeed, rubber toughening has proved so effective that the technology has been extended to almost all of the commercial glassy thermoplastics, including poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), poly(vinyl chloride) (PVC), and even polycarbonate (PC), the toughest of the glassy polymers; it has also been applied to several thermosetting resins other than epoxies. In this chapter the prefix RT- will be used to denote rubber-toughened polymers, except for polystyrene (PS) and poly(styrene-co-acrylonitrile) (PSAN), where the acronyms HIPS (high impact polystyrene), and ABS (acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene polymer) have become firmly established.

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  1. Department of Chemistry, UMIST, UK

    R. N. Haward (Visiting Professor) (Visiting Professor)

  2. Manchester Materials Science Centre, University of Manchester/UMIST, UK

    R. J. Young (Royal Society Wolfson Research Professor of Materials Science) (Royal Society Wolfson Research Professor of Materials Science)

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Bucknall, C.B. (1997). Rubber toughening. In: Haward, R.N., Young, R.J. (eds) The Physics of Glassy Polymers. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5850-3_8

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