Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Structure and Properties of Oriented Polymers pp 338–376Cite as

Anisotropic creep behaviour

  • Chapter

  • 430 Accesses

Abstract

This chapter will be concerned with developing a full description of the anisotropic character of the creep behaviour of polymeric materials which have some degree of molecular orientation. Many of the ideas and methods employed are extensions of those used in the very highly developed studies of creep in isotropic materials; here attention will be given to those aspects of the subject which are special to materials showing anisotropic behaviour. Furthermore, only brief reference will be made to the large amount of work concerned with how the creep behaviour in a single particular direction depends upon the molecular orientation, as for example in drawn synthetic fibres. Discussion will be concentrated on those studies which are concerned with the anisotropy of creep behaviour and are therefore not limited to studies along one direction only.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   259.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   299.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Neilsen, L. E. (1962) Mechanical Properties of Polymers, Reinhold, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Nye, J. F. (1985) Physical Properties of Crystals, 2nd edn, Oxford University Press, Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Hearmon, R. F. S. (1961) An Introduction to Applied Anisotropic Elasticity, Clarendon Press, Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Lee, E. H. (1955) Quart. Appl. Maths., 13, 183.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Biot, M. A. (1965) Mechanics of Incremental Deformations, Wiley, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Rogers, T. G. and Pipkin, A. C. (1963) J. Appl Maths. Phys., 14, 334.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Schapery, R. A. (1967) J. Comp. Mater., 1, 228.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Ladizesky, N. H. and Ward, I. M. (1971) J. Macromol. Sci., B5, 745.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Ladizesky, N. H. and Ward, I. M. (1973) J. Mater. Sci., 8, 980.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Lewis, E. V. L. and Ward, I. M. (1980) J. Macromol. Sci., B18, 1.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Lewis, E. V. L. and Ward, I. M. (1980) J. Mater. Sci., 15, 2354.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Wilson, I., Ladizesky, N. H. and Ward, I. M. (1976) J. Mater. Sci., 11, 2177.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Wilson, I., Cunningham, A. and Ward, I. M. (1976) J. Mater. Sci., 11, 2181.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Wilson, I., Cunningham, A., Duckett, R. A. and Ward, I. M. (1976) J. Mater. Sci., 11, 2189.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Hadley, D. W., Ward, I. M. and Ward, J. (1965) Proc. Roy. Soc., A285, 275.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Pinnock, P. R., Ward, I. M. and Wolfe, J. M. (1966) Proc. Roy. Soc, A291, 267.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Ward, I. M. (1983) Mechanical Properties of Solid Polymers, Wiley, London.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Kotani, T., Sweeny, J. and Ward, I. M. (1994) J. Mater. Sci., 29, 5551.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Dunn, C. M. R., Mills, W. H. and Turner, S. (1964) Br. Plastics, 37, 386.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Thomas, D. A. and Turner, S. (1969) Testing of Polymers, Vol. 4 (ed. W.E. Brown), Interscience, New York, Ch. 2.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Halpin, J. C. and Pagano, N. J. (1968) J. Comp. Mater., 2, 18, 68.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Darlington, M. W. and Saunders, D. W. (1970) J. Phys. E: Sci. Instrum., 3, 511.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Darlington, M. W. (1971) Cranfield University, unpublished.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Clayton, D., Darlington, M. W. and Hall, M. M. (1973) J. Phys. E: Sci. Instrum., 6, 218.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Ladizesky, N. H. and Ward, I. M. (1971) J. Macromol. Sci., B5, 661.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Gupta, V. B. and Ward, I. M. (1967) J. Macromol. Sci., B1, 373.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Zihlif, A. M., Duckett, R. A. and Ward, I. M. (1982) J. Mater. Sci., 17, 1125.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Morrison, T. A., Zapas, L. J. and DeWitt, T. W. (1955) Rev. Sci. Instrum., 26, 357.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. McCrum, N. G. and Morris, E. L. (1966) Proc. Roy. Soc, A292, 506.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Raumann, G. (1962) Proc. Phys. Soc., 79, 1221.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Turner, S. (1969) Testing of Polymers, Vol. 4 (ed. W.E. Brown), Interscience, New York, Ch. 1.

    Google Scholar 

  32. British Standards Institution (1970) BS 4618; Parts 1.1 and 1.1.1.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Darlington, M. W. and Saunders, D. W. (1970) J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., 3, 535.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Darlington, M. W. (1969) Cranfield Institute of Technology, Memo 67.

    Google Scholar 

  35. Raumann, G. and Saunders, D. W. (1962) Proc. Phys. Soc., 77, 1028.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  36. Saunders, D. W. and Darlington, M. W. (1968) Nature, 218, 561.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Gupta, V. B., Keller, A. and Ward, I. M. (1968) J. Macromol. Sci., B2, 139.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Stachurski, Z. H. and Ward, I. M. (1969) J. Macromol Sci., B3, 445.

    Google Scholar 

  39. Baker, H. and Darlington, M. W. (1973) Cranfield University, unpublished.

    Google Scholar 

  40. Darlington, M. W. and Saunders, D. W. (1971) J. Macromol. Sci., B5, 207.

    Google Scholar 

  41. Clayton, D., Darlington, M. W. and Hall, M. M. (1970) International Conference on Yield, Deformation and Fracture of Polymers, Institute of Physics, Cambridge, UK.

    Google Scholar 

  42. Clayton, D. (1971) Cranfield Institute of Technology, PhD thesis.

    Google Scholar 

  43. Darlington, M.W., McConkey, B. H. and Saunders, D. W. (1971) J. Mater. Sci., 6, 1447.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Stachurski, Z. H. and Ward, I. M. (1969) J. Macromol Sci., B3, 427.

    Google Scholar 

  45. Stachurski, Z. H. and Ward, I. M. (1968) J. Polym. Sci. A2, 6, 1817.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Gupta, V. B. and Ward, I. M. (1968) J. Macromol. Sci., B2, 89.

    Google Scholar 

  47. Ladizesky, N. H. and Ward, I. M. (1974) J. Macromol. Sci., B9, 565.

    Google Scholar 

  48. Seiden, R. (1979) J. Mater. Sci., 14, 312.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. Buckley, C. P. and McCrum, N. G. (1973) J. Mater. Sci., 8, 928.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Buckley, C. P., Gray, R. W. and McCrum, N. G. (1969) Polymer Lett., 7, 835.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Buckley, C. P., Gray, R. W. and McCrum, N. G. (1970) J. Polym. Sci., B8, 341.

    Google Scholar 

  52. Davies, G. R., Owen, A. J., Ward, I. M. and Gupta, V. B. (1974) J. Macromol. Sci., B6, 215.

    Google Scholar 

  53. Kapuscinki, M., Ward, I. M. and Scanlan, J. (1975) J. Macromol. Sci., B11, 475.

    Google Scholar 

  54. Owen, A. J. and Ward, I. M. (1981) J. Macromol. Sci., B19, 35.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Sakai, Y., Umetsu, K. and Miyasaka, K. (1993) Polymer, 34, 318.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Wilding, M. A. and Ward, I. M. (1978) Polymer, 19, 969.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Wilding, M. A. and Ward, I. M. (1981) Polymer, 22, 870.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Wilding, M. A. and Ward, I. M. (1981) Plast. Rubb. Proc. Appl., 1, 167.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  59. Philip, M., Ward, I. M. and Parsons, B. (1986) J. Mater. Sci., 21, 879.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Sweeny, J. and Ward, I. M. (1990) J. Mater. Sci., 25, 697

    Article  Google Scholar 

  61. Sangster, D. F. and Barry, D. B. (1991) J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 42, 1385.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Ward, I. M. (1993) Plast. Rubb. Proc. Appl., 19, 7.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Suwanda, D. and Balke, S. T. (1993) Polym. Eng. Sci., 33, 455.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Govaert, L. E., Bastiaansen, C. W. M. and Leblans, P. J. R. (1993) Polymer, 34, 534.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Rasburn, J., Klein, P. G. and Ward, I. M. (1994) J. Polym. Sci., Polym. Phys. Edn, 32, 1329.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Ward, I. M. (1995) Macromol. Symp., 98, 1329.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  67. Owen, A. J. and Ward, I. M. (1973) J. Macromol Sci., B7, 417.

    Google Scholar 

  68. Shinozaki, D. M., Groves, G. W. and Arridge, R. G. C. (1977) Materials Sci. Eng., 28, 119.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Owen, A. J. and Ward, I. M. (1973) J. Macromol. Sci., B7, 279.

    Google Scholar 

  70. Lewis, E. V. L. and Ward, I. M. (1981) J. Macromol. Sci., B19, 75.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Cakmak, M. and Wang, Y. D. (1990) J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 41, 1867.

    Google Scholar 

  72. Chow, T. S. and Laeken, A. C. (1991) Polymer, 32, 1798.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Bouquerel, F., Bourgin, P. and Perez, J. (1992) Polymer, 33, 516.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Hawthorne, J. M. (1981) J. Appl. Polym. Sci., 26, 3317.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Ogorkiewicz, R. M. and Weidmann, G. W. (1972) Plast. Polym., 40, 337.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Abrahams, M., Spedding, C. E. and Marsh, B. J. (1970) Plast. Polym., 38, 124.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  77. Darlington, M. W. (1969) College of Aeronautics, Memo 184.

    Google Scholar 

  78. Wright, H., Faraday, C. S. N., White, E. F. T. and Treloar, L. R. G. (1971) J. Phys. D: Appl. Phys., 4, 2002.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  79. Baker, H. and Darlington, M. W. (1974) Cranfield Institute of Technology, report.

    Google Scholar 

  80. Darlington, M. W. (1975) Plastics and Polymers, 43, 68.

    Google Scholar 

  81. Lundberg, L. and Jansson, J-F. (1994) Polymer, 35, 2084.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  82. Moore, D. R. and Turner, S. (1994) Plast. Rubb. Comp. Proc. Appl., 21, 33.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. M. W. Darlington
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. D. W. Saunders
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. IRC in Polymer Science and Technology, Universities of Leeds, Bradford and Durham, UK

    I. M. Ward

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1997 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Darlington, M.W., Saunders, D.W. (1997). Anisotropic creep behaviour. In: Ward, I.M. (eds) Structure and Properties of Oriented Polymers. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5844-2_7

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5844-2_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-6469-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-5844-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation