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UV-B and Biosphere pp 42–51Cite as

Role of ultraviolet-B radiation on bacterioplankton and the availability of dissolved organic matter

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Part of the book series: Advances in vegetation science ((AIVS,volume 17))

Abstract

Attenuation of ultraviolet (UV)-radiation into the water column is highly correlated with the concentration of the dissolved organic matter (DOM). Thus UV penetrates deeper into marine waters than into freshwater systems. DOM is efficiently cleaved by solar surface radiation levels consuming more oxygen than bacterial metabolism. This photolytically cleaved DOM exhibits higher absorbance ratios (250/365 nm) than untreated DOM. Natural bacterioplankton reach higher abundance if inoculated in previously solar-exposed DOM than in untreated DOM; during bacterial growth the absorbance ratio declines steadily indicating the utilization of the photolytically cleaved DOM. On the other hand, bacterioplankton are greatly reduced in their activity if exposed to surface solar radiation levels. Photoenzymatic repair of DNA induced by UV-A radiation, however, leads to an efficient recovery of bacterial activity once the UV-B stress is released. Turbulent mixing of the upper layers of the water column leads to a continuous alteration of the UV exposure regime. Close to the surface, bacteria and DOM are exposed to high levels of UV-B leading to a reduction in bacterial activity and to photolysis of DOM. Once mixed into deeper layers where UV-B is attenuated, but sufficient UV-A is remaining to allow photoenzymatic repair, the photolytically cleaved DOM is efficiently taken up by bacterioplankton leading to even higher bacterial activity than prior to the exposure. Thus, the overall effect of UV on bacterioplankton is actually an enhancement of bacterial activity despite their lack of protective pigments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Dept. of Marine Biology, Institute of Zoology, University of Vienna, Althanstr. 14, A-1090, Vienna, Austria

    Gerhard J. Herndl, Albert Brugger, Silvia Hager, Edith Kaiser, Ingrid Obernosterer, Bettina Reitner & Doris Slezak

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  1. Gerhard J. Herndl
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  2. Albert Brugger
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  3. Silvia Hager
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  4. Edith Kaiser
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  5. Ingrid Obernosterer
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  6. Bettina Reitner
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Free University, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

    J. Rozema

  2. State University of Groningen, The Netherlands

    W. W. C. Gieskes

  3. Research Institute of Agrobiology and Soil Fertility (AB-DLO), Wageningen, The Netherlands

    S. C. Van De Geijn

  4. European Commission — DGXII-E-1, Science & Technology for Environm. Protection, Brussels, Belgium

    C. Nolan

  5. Netherlands Research Organisation, The Hague, The Netherlands

    H. De Boois

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Herndl, G.J. et al. (1997). Role of ultraviolet-B radiation on bacterioplankton and the availability of dissolved organic matter. In: Rozema, J., Gieskes, W.W.C., Van De Geijn, S.C., Nolan, C., De Boois, H. (eds) UV-B and Biosphere. Advances in vegetation science, vol 17. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5718-6_4

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5718-6_4

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