Abstract
At present most of the diagnostic and therapeutic endoscopic procedures that can be performed in adults are possible in children of all ages. However, performing endoscopy in children requires more than simply the possession of an appropriate endoscope and experience in its use. Just as essential are knowledge about indications, differential diagnosis, which are all age-dependent, and therapy, as well as practice in preparing the patient, determining medication and sedation prior to and during the investigation, and explanation of the procedure to the patient and his parents. Although the technical options have increased, the most important limiting factor in pediatric endoscopy is the endoscopist who has no pediatric experience1.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Ament ME. Upper gastrointestinal fiberoptic endoscopy in pediatric patients. In: Lebenthal E, editor. Digestive disease in children. New York: Grune & Stratton; 1978:3–19.
Burdelski M. Huckzermeyer H. Gastrointestinale Endoscopic im Kindesalter. Berlin: Springer Verlag, 1982.
Cadranel S, Rodesch P, Peeter JP, Cremer M. Fiberendoscopy of the gastrointestinal tract in children. A series of 100 examinations. Am J Dis Child. 1977;131:41–45.
Tedesco FJ, Goldstein PD, Gleason WA, Keating JP. Upper gastro-intestinal endoscopy in the pediatric patient. Gastroenterology. 1976;70:492–494.
Hassall E, Barclay GN, Ament ME. Colonoscopy in childhood. Pediatrics. 1984;73:594–599.
Roy CC, Morin CL, Weber AM. Gastrointestinal emergency problems in pediatric practice. Clin Gastroenterol. 1982;10:245–248.
Cox K, Ament ME. Upper gastrointestinal bleeding in children and adolescents. Pediatrics. 1979;63:403–413.
Katz AL. Advances in the approach to gastrointestinal bleeding in childhood. In: Lebenthal E, editor. Digestive disease in children. New York: Grune & Stratton; 1978:405–412.
Hyams JS, Leichtner AM, Schwartz AN. Recent advances in diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal hemorrhage in infants and children. J Pediatr. 1985;106:1–9.
Apply J. The child with abdominal pain, 2nd edn. Oxford: Blackwell, 1975.
Murphy MS, Eastham EJ, Jimenez M, Nelson R, Jackson RH. Duodenal ulceration: review of 110 cases. Arch Dis Child. 1987;62:554–558.
Glassman MS, Schwartz SM, Medow MS et al. Campylobacter pylori-related gastrointestinal disease in children. Incidence and clinical findings. Dig Dis Sci. 1989;80:192–195.
Reiffen R, Rasooly I, Drumm B, Murphy K, Sherman P. Helicobacter pylori infection in children. Is there a specific symptomatology? Dig Dis Sci. 1994;39:1488–1492.
Hardikar W, Davidson PM, Cameron DJS, Gilbert GL, Campbell PE, Smith AL. Helicobacter pylori infection in children. J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 1991;6:450–454.
Mahoney MJ, Wyatt JI, Littlewood JM. Management and response to treatment of Helicobacter pylori gastritis. Arch Dis Child. 1992;67:940–943.
Vandenplas Y. Reflux esophagitis in infants and children. A report from the working group on gastro-esofageal reflux disease of the European Society of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1994; 18:413–422.
Orenstein SR. Controversies in pediatric gastro-oesophageal reflux. J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr. 1992;44:338–418.
Davies AEM, Sandhu BK. Diagnosis of gastro-oesophageal reflux. Arch Dis Childh. 1995;73:82–86.
Van Zeeben W. Slokdarmverbrandingen bij kinderen. Tijdschr Kindergeneesk. 1976;44:69–80.
Wijburg FA, Beukers MM, Bartelsman JF, Heymans HSA, Den Hartog Jager FC. Nasogastric intubation as sole treatment of caustic esophageal lesions. Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol. 1985; 13: 112–117.
Symbas PN, Vlasis Se, Hatcher CR. Oesophagitis secondary to ingestion of caustic material. Ann Thorac Surg. 1983;36:73–77.
Hopkins RA, Postlethwaite RW. Caustic burns and carcinoma of the oesophagus. Ann Surg. 1981;194:146–148.
Wijburg FA, Heymans HSA, Urbanus NAM. Caustic esophageal lesions in childhood: Prevention of stricture formation. J Pediatr Surg. 1989;24:171–173.
Binder C, Anderson WA. Pediatric gastrointestinal foreign body ingestion. Ann Emerg Med. 1984;13:112–117.
Garcia C, Frey C, Bodai BI. Diagnosis and management of ingested foreign bodies: a ten year experience. Ann Emerg Med. 1984;13:30–34.
Heyman MB, Shapiro HA, Thaler MM. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography in the diagnosis of biliary malformations in infants. Gastrointest Endosc. 1988;34:449–453.
Wilkinson ML, Mieli-Vergani G, Ball C. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in infantile cholestasis. Arch Dis Child. 1991;66:121–123.
Derkx HHF, Huibregtse K, Taminiau JAJM. The role of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in cholestatic infants. Endoscopy. 1994;26:724–728.
Mitchell SA, Wilkinson ML. The role of ERCP in the diagnosis of neonatal conjugated hyperbilirubinemia. Gastrointest Endosc. 1994;40:A55.
Kozarek RA, Christie D, Barclay G. Endoscopic therapy of pancreatitis in the pediatric population. Gastrointest Endosc. 1993;39:665–669.
Lemmel T, Hawes R, Sherman S. Endoscopic evaluation and therapy of recurrent pancreatitis and pancreaticobiliary pain in the pediatric population. Gastrointest Endosc. 1994;40:A54.
Caulfield M, Wyllie R, Sivak MV, Michener W, Steffen R. Upper gastrointestinal tract endoscopy in the pediatric patient. J Pediatr. 1989;115:339–345.
Baillie J. Gastrointestinal endoscopy. Basic principles and practice. London: Butterworth Heinemann, 1993.
Schiller KFR, Cockel R, Hunt RH. Atlas of gastrointestinal endoscopy. London: Chapman & Hall, 1986.
Temple DM, McNeese MC. Hazards of battery ingestion. Pediatrics. 1983;71:100–103.
Litovitz TL. Battery ingestion: product accessibility and clinical course. Pediatrics. 1985; 75:469–476.
Votteler TP, Nash JC, Rutledge JC. The hazard of ingested alkaline disc batteries in children. J Am Med Assoc. 1983;249:2505–2506.
Howerd ER, Stamatakis JD, Mowat AP. Management of oesofageal varices in children by injection sclerotherapy. J Pediatr Surg. 1984;19:2–6.
Payne WS, Ellis PH, Olsen AM. Treatment of cardiospasm (achalasia of the oesophageus) in children. Surgery. 1961;50:731–735.
Sorsdahl OA, Gray BB. Achalasia of the oesophagus in childhood. Am J Dis Childh. 1965; 109:141–146.
Wilich E. Achalasia of the cardia in children. Pediatr Radiol. 1973; 1:229–236.
Elder JB. Achalasia of the cardia in children. Digestion. 1970;3:90–96.
Boyle JT, Cohen S, Watkins JB. Successful treatment of achalasia in childhood by pneumatic dilatation. J Pediatr. 1981;99:35–40.
Heymans HSA, Bartelsman JWFM, Herweijer TJ. Endoscopic balloon dilatation as treatment of gastric outlet obstruction in infancy and childhood. J Pediatr Surg. 1988;23:139–140.
Hassall E, Ament M. Total colonoscopy in children. Arch Dis Child. 1983;58:76–77.
Franklin R, MeSwain B. Juvenile polyps of the colon and rectum. Ann Surg. 1972;175:887–891.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1997 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Derkx, H.H.F., Heymans, H.S.A., Taminiau, J.A.J.M., Büller, H.A. (1997). Endoscopy in children. In: Tytgat, G.N.J., Mulder, C.J.J. (eds) Procedures in Hepatogastroenterology. Developments in Gastroenterology, vol 15. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5702-5_30
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5702-5_30
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-6488-0
Online ISBN: 978-94-011-5702-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive