Abstract
The Zeno instrument was designed and developed for flight on the U.S. Space Shuttle to measure the density fluctuation decay times of a liquid-vapor critical fluid using photon correlation spectroscopy. The instrument was flown and operated successfully on two flights: March 4, 1994 on STS-62 as part of the USMP-2 payload and Feb. 22, 1996 on STS-75 as part of the USMP-3 payload. This paper will give an overview of the experiment principles, discuss the major design challenges, and show some performance data. Of particular note was the temperature control of better than 3 microK (rms) for hours, which was essential for the effort to make measurements closer than 1 mK to Tc. Both flights taught us lessons about the difficulty of controlling the local density (at the laser focus) in microgravity. Correlograms were recorded with a custom interfaced ALV 5000 Correlator. In the second flight, corrclograms were recorded from 500 mK down to 2 mK at 24 temperatures, 383 correlograms in all. The fitted decay rates generally gave the desired 1% precision. The phase boundary was located with unprecedented precision of ± 20 µK. More details of the experiment Science Requirements, the personnel, apparatus, and results are displayed on the Zeno homepage at http://www.zeno.umd.edu.
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References
R.W. Gammon and J.N. Shaumeyer, “Science Requirements Document for Zeno,” (NASA, Microgravity Science and Applications Division (MSAD), Washington, D.C.,1988).
. R.W. Gammon, J.N. Shaumeyer, M.E. Briggs, H. Boukari, D.A. Gent, R.A. Wilkinson, “Highlights of the Zeno Results from the USMP-2 Mission,” NASA Technical Memorandum 4737, (NASA, Marshall Space Flight Center, Huntsville, AL, 1996 ), p. 5–135.
H. Boukari, J. N. Shaumeyer, M. E. Briggs, and R. W. Gammon, “Critical Speeding Up in Pure Fluids”, Phys. Rev. A 41, 2260–2263 (1990)
H. Boukari, J. N. Shaumeyer, M. E. Briggs, and R. W. Gammon, “Critical Speeding Up Observed,” Phys. Rev. Letters 65, 2654–2657 (1990); and references therein.
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© 1997 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
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Gammon, R.W., Shaumeyer, J.N., Briggs, M.E., Boukari, H., Gent, D.A. (1997). Zeno: Critical Fluid Light Scattering in Microgravity. In: Pike, E.R., Abbiss, J.B. (eds) Light Scattering and Photon Correlation Spectroscopy. NATO ASI Series, vol 40. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5586-1_34
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5586-1_34
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