Abstract
According to an International Health Foundation report, the psychic disorders which may be manifested in the climacteric, are present in 30–40% of cases [1]. The menopause may, on the other hand, exhibit itself as a totally natural event, unmarked by psychological trauma and unaccompanied by any specific symptom. In this respect, it has recently been observed that the women in the Mayan American Indian population of the Yucatan have an asymptomatic menopause, although the endocrinological and metabolic processes are exactly the same as in European women [2].
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Petraglia F, Sgherzi MR, Aguzzoli L, et al. Tranquillanti e menopausa. In: Bottiglioni F, De Aloysio D, editors. Premenopausa. Bologna: Monduzzi ed, 1992: 185–91.
Martin MC, Block JE, Sanchez SD, Arnaud CD, Beyene Y. Menopause without symptom. The endocrinology of menopause among rural Mayan Indians. Am J Obstet Gynaec 1993;168:1839.
Pearlstein TB. Hormones and depression: What are the facts about premenstrual syndrome, menopause and hormone replacement therapy? Am J Gynecol 1995; 173: 646–53.
Downey J, Withaker A. Important psychiatric problems during pregnancy and postpartum period. In: Reece EA, Hobbins JC, Mahoney MJ, editors. Fetus and mother: Medical principles and practice. Philadelphia: Lippincott, 1992: 1293–1307.
Studd JW, Watson NR, Montgomery J. Depression and menopause. Br Med J 1990; 300:1653.
Gregoire AJP, Kumar R, Everitt B, Henderson AF, Studd JW. Transdermal oestrogen for treatment of severe postnatal depression. Lancet 1996;347:930–33.
Santarsiero G, Franchina M, Missionario G, Polpatelli L, Monaco M, De Rosa F. Correlazioni tra aspetti endocrini e psicologici in premenopausa. In: Bottiglioni F, De Aloysio D, editors. Il climaterio femminile: Esperienze di un decennio. Bologna: Monduzzi ed, 1988: 675–79.
Pearce J, Hawton K, Blake F. Psychological and sexual symptoms associated with the menopause and the effects of hormonal replacement therapy. Br J Psychiatry 1995;167:163–73.
Fioretti P, Melis GB. Menopausa e neurotrasmettitori: Dalla ricerca alla clinica. Ed Minerva Medica, 1989.
O’Donohuet L, Dorsa DM. The opiomelanotropinergic neuronal and endocrine systems. Peptides 1982;3:353–95.
Petraglia F, Locatelli V, Penalva A, Cella SG, Genazzani AR, Cocchi D. Autonomous beta-endorphin secretion from pituitary neurointermediate lobe: In vivo studies. Life Sciences 1984;34:1605–11.
Fink G, Sumner B. Oestrogen and mental state. Nature 1996;383:306.
Henderson VW, Paganini-Hill A, Emanuel CK, Dunn ME, Buckwalter JC. Estrogen replacement therapy in older women: Comparisons between Alzheimer’s disease cases and nondemented control subjects. Arch Neurol 1994;51:896.
Prior JC, Aloyado N, MacKay DW, Vigna YM. No adverse effects of medroxyprogesterone treatment without estrogen in postmenopausal women: Double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial. Obstet Gynecol 1994;83:24–28.
Backstrom T. Symptoms related to the menopause and sex steroid treatments. Ciba Found Symp 1995;191:171–80.
Ballinger CB. Psychiatric aspects of the menopause. Br J Psychiatry 1990;156:713–87.
De Leo D, editor. Donne e psichiatria: Alcuni aspetti particolari. Proceedings of Aging Federation of Italy on Donne e terza età; 1990 May; Venice.
Avis NE, McKinlay SM. A longitudinal analysis of women’s attitudes toward the menopause: Results from the Massachusetts Women’s Health Study. Ann Epidemiol 1994;4:65–79.
Bono G. Factors associated with pain complaints in a clinical sample of postmenopausal women. J Psichosom Obstet Gynecol 1995; 16:117–25.
Farneti R, D De Aloysio, M Mauloni. Depressione ed evento menopausale. In: Bottiglioni F, De Aloysio D, editors. II climaterio femminile: Esperienze italiane di un decennio. Bologna: Monduzzied, 1988:703–7.
Hay AG, Bancroft J, Johnstone EC. Affective symptoms in women attending a menopause clinic. Br J Psychiatry 1994;164:513–16.
Kaufert PA, Gilbert P, Tate R. The Manitoba Project: A re-examination of the link between menopause and depression. Maturitas 1992;14:143–55.
Shmidt PJ, Rubinow DR. Menopause-related affective disorders: A justification for further study. Am J Psychiatry 1991;148:844–52.
McKinlay JB, McKinlay SM, Brambilla D. The relative contribution of endocrine changes and social circumstances to depression in middle-ages women. J Health Soc Behaviour 1987;28:345–63.
Woods NF, Mitchell ES. Patterns of depressed mood in midlife women; observation from the Seattle Midlife Women’s Health Study. Res Nurse Health 1996; 19:11–23.
Stewart DE, Boydel KM. Psychologic distress during menopause: Associations across the reproductive life cycle. Int J Psychiatry Med 1993;23:157–62.
Klaiber EL, Broverman DM, Vogel W, Kobayashi Y. Estrogen therapy for severe persistent depression in women. Arch Gen Psychiatry 1979;36:742–47.
Avis NE, Brambilla D, McKinlay SM, Vass K. A longitudinal analysis of the association between menopause and depression. Results from the Massachusetts Women’s Health Study. Maturitas 1994;13:65–79.
Gattaz WF, Behrens S, De Vry J, Hafner H. Estradiol inhibits dopamine mediated behavior in rats-an animal model of sex-specific differences in schizophrenia. Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr 1992;60:8–16.
Di Giusto M, Lambiasi A, Cantonetti G, Morini A. Reazioni emotivo-cognitive in menopausa farmacologica temporanea. Minerva Ginecologica, 1995;47:319–25.
Leibenluft E. Women with bipolar illness: Clinical and research issues. Am J Psychiatry 1996; 163–73.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1997 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
De Leo, D., Meneghel, G. (1997). Dysphoria and Mood Disorders in Menopause. In: Paoletti, R., Crosignani, P.G., Kenemans, P., Samsioe, G., Soma, M.R., Jackson, A.S. (eds) Women’s Health and Menopause. Medical Science Symposia Series, vol 11. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5560-1_30
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5560-1_30
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-6343-2
Online ISBN: 978-94-011-5560-1
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive