Abstract
The unique and eccentric physical and physicochemical properties of water, particularly in its liquid state, originate from its molecular structure which can be represented by a tetrahedron with sp 3 hybridized orbitals directed toward the four corners, as shown in Fig. 1. The molecules interact weakly by hydrogen bonding, giving liquid water a three-dimensional network structure, the ideal of which is found in hexagonal ice. The chemistry of life processes is sensitively attuned to this structure and to the energy of the hydrogen bond in 1H2O. Even the minor (?) isotopic modification to 2H2O produces a physiologically toxic environment. The physical and biophysical chemistry of water and aqueous solutions has been discussed in detail in the series Water — A Comprehensive Treatise [1] and, more recently, in Water Science Reviews [2].
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References
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Franks, F. (1998). Hydration Interactions: Their Role in Recognition and Bioassembly Phenomena. In: Coleman, A.W. (eds) Molecular Recognition and Inclusion. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5288-4_2
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-5288-4_2
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