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Coupled supercritical fluid extraction-capillary supercritical fluid chromatography

  • Chapter
Analytical Supercritical Fluid Extraction Techniques

Abstract

Supercritical fluids have several advantages over liquids when used as extraction solvents. These are fully detailed in Chapter 1 and include:

  • improved extraction efficiency in many cases with respect to Soxhlet extraction, resulting in reduced extraction times:

    • supercritical fluids have more rapid mass-transfer properties than do liquids and therefore penetrate and extract components in sample matrices more quickly and efficiently; in contrast to Soxhlet extraction, which requires several hours or days to perform, supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) can yield quantitative extraction in as little as 10 min [1];

    • on some compound groups SFE is reported to give better recoveries than can liquid—liquid extraction [2];

  • the possibility of adjusting the solvent strength of the fluid: as the solvating power of a supercritical fluid is directly related to its density (see Figure 4.1) it can be tuned to the analysis as required; for example, the sample can be extracted exhaustively at constant high density to provide quantitative analysis, or at various pressures or with different mobile phases to fractionate the sample;

  • the extraction of heat-sensitive or reactive compounds at low temperatures

  • the use of extraction solvents, such as CO2which are non-toxic and inexpensive

  • the rapid removal of the supercritical fluid from the extracted analytes on decompression.

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Authors
  1. H. J. Vandenburg
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  2. K. D. Bartle
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  3. N. J. Cotton
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  4. M. W. Raynor
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. School of Applied Sciences, University of Glamorgan, Pontypridd, UK

    E. D. Ramsey

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Vandenburg, H.J., Bartle, K.D., Cotton, N.J., Raynor, M.W. (1998). Coupled supercritical fluid extraction-capillary supercritical fluid chromatography. In: Ramsey, E.D. (eds) Analytical Supercritical Fluid Extraction Techniques. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4948-8_6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4948-8_6

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-6076-9

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