Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Collective experiences of adventitious viruses of animal-derived raw materials and what can be done about them

  • Chapter
Book cover Cell Culture Engineering VI

Part of the book series: Current Applications of Cell Culture Engineering ((CACC,volume 3))

  • 467 Accesses

Abstract

Contamination of animal-derived raw materials with viruses, mycoplasmas, bacteria and fungi is common. These contaminants can interfere with the diagnosis of viral infection, and vaccines produced using infected cell cultures could lead to seroconversion or disease in the vaccinated animal. The purity, safety and efficacy of viral vaccines requires testing of the ingredients, cell substrates and final product. Methods for detection of viruses, especially bovine viral diarrhea virus, in nutrient serum, cell cultures, seed viruses and viral vaccines, and the frequency of their detection at the Center for Veterinary Biologics are discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Abbreviations

BVDV:

Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus

FBS:

Fetal Bovine Serum

FA:

fluorescent antibody

References

  • Art To Science (1989) 40 nm filtration method reduces FBS microbial contaminants. Art to Science 8(1): 1–2.

    Google Scholar 

  • Black J (1997) Pitfalls in the detection of BVD virus by 9CFR APHIS Veterinary Biologics Public Meeting: 312–335.

    Google Scholar 

  • Black J (1997) False negative PPV virus recovery from trypsin using minimum 9CFR protocol. APHIS Veterinary Biologics Public Meeting: 335–346.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bolin SR, Mathews PJ and Ridpath JF (1991) Methods of detection and frequency of contamination of fetal calf serum with bovine viral diarrhea virus and antibodies against bovine viral diarrhea virus. Journal of Veterinary Diagnostic Investigation 3: 199–203.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bock RE, Rodwell BJ and McGowan M (1997) Detection of calves persistently infected with bovine pestiviruses in a sample of dairy calves in south-eastern Queensland. Australian Veterinary Journal 75: 656–659.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Castrucci G, Avellini G, Cilli V, Pedini B, McKercher DG and Valente C (1975) A study of immunologie relationships among serologically heterologous strains of bovine viral diarrhea virus by cross immunity tests. Cornell Veterinarian 65: 65–72.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Code of Federal Regulations (1996) Title 9, Part 1, Sections 113.52-113.55. Office of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration, Washington, D.C.

    Google Scholar 

  • Darbyshire JH (1960) A serological relationship between swine fever and mucosal disease of cattle. Veterinary record 72: 331.

    Google Scholar 

  • Deregt D, Bolin SR, Heckert RA and Loewen KG (1994) Monoclonal antibodies to bovine viral diarrhea virusxross reactivities to field isolates and hog cholera virus strains. Canadian Journal of Veterinary Research 58: 71–74.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Erickson GA, Bolin SR and Landgraf JG (1991) Viral contamination of fetal bovine serum used for tissue culture: risks and concerns. Developments in Biological Standardization 75: 173–175.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fernelius AL, Lambert G and Booth GD (1971) Bovine viral diarrhea virus-host cell interactions: serotypes and their relationships to biotypes by cross neutralization. American Journal of Veterinary Research 32: 229–236.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Francki RIB, Fauquet CM, Knudsen DL and Brown F (1991) Classification and nomenclature of viruses. Archives of Virology, Supplement 2: 223–233.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gillespie JH, Baker JA and McEntee K (1960) A cytopathogenic strain of virus diarrhea virus. Cornell Veterinarian 50: 73–79.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Gillespie JH, Coggins L, Thompson J and Baker JA (1961) Comparisons by neutralization tests of strains of virus isolated from virus diarrhea and mucosal disease. Cornell Veterinarian 51: 155–159.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hansen G and Wilkinson R (1993) Gamma radiation and virus inactivation:new findings and old theories. Art to Science 12(2): 1–6.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hodgson J (1993) Fetal bovine serum revisited. Bio/Technology 11: 49–53.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Horzineck MC (1981) Non-arthropod borne Togaviruses. Academic Press Inc., London.

    Google Scholar 

  • House C, House JA and Yedloutschnig RJ (1990) Inactivation of viral agents in bovine serum by gamma irradiation. Canadian Journal of Microbiology 36: 737–740.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ianconescu M, Akita GY and Osburn BI (1996) Comparative susceptibility of a canine cell line and bluetongue virus susceptible cell lines to a bluetongue virus isolate pathogenic for dogs. In Vitro Cellular and Developmental Biology-Animal 32: 249–254.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rappeler A, Lutz-Wallace C, Sapp T and Sidhu M (1996) Detection of bovine polyoma contamination in fetal bovine sera and modified live viral vaccines using polymerase chain reaction. Biologicals 24: 131–135.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Laamanen UI, Neuvonen EP, Yliviuhkola EM and Veijalainen PM-L (1997) Comparison of RT-PCR assay and virus isolation in cell cultures for the detection of bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) in field samples. Research in Veterinary Science 63: 199–203.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lee KM and Gillespie JH (1957) Propagation of virus diarrhea virus of cattle in tissue culture. American Journal of Veterinary Research 18: 952–955.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Levings RL and Wessman SJ (1990) Bovine viral diarrhea virus contamination of nutrient serum, cell cultures and viral vaccines. Developments in Biological Standardization 75: 177–181.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lower J (1991) Virological aspects of the quality control of biologicals:quantitative considerations. Developments in Biological Standardization 75: 221–226.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nuttall PA, Luther PD and Stott EJ (1977) Viral contamination of bovine foetal serum and cell cultures. Nature 266: 835–837.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Osburn BI, Clarke GL, Stewart WC et al. (1973) Border disease-like syndrome in lambs. Antibody to hog cholera and bovine viral diarrhea viruses. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association 163: 1165–1167.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Plant JW, Littlejohns JR, Gardiner AC et al. (1973) Immunological relationships between border disease, mucosal disease and swine fever. Veterinary Records 92: 455.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Potts BJ, Sawyer M, Shekarchi JC, Wismer T and Huddleston D (1989) Peroxidase labeled primary antibody method for detection of pestivirus contamination in cell cultures. Journal of Virology Methods 26: 119–124.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rossi CR, Bridgman CR and Kiesel GK (1980) Viral contamination of fetal lung cultures and bovine fetal serum. American Journal of Veterinary Research 41: 1680–1681.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sanhueza S (1996) International scientific conference on viral safety and evaluation of viral clearance from biopharmaceutical products. Vaccine 14(3): 244–246.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Smithies LK and Modderman E (1975) BVD virus in commercial fetal calf serum and ‘normal’ and aborted fetuses. Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the American Association of Veterinary Laboratory Diagnosticians 18: 113–119.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sutmoller P and Vose DJ (1997) Contamination of animal products: the minimum pathogen dose required to initiate infection. Rev. sci. tech. Office Internationale Epizooties 16(1): 30–32.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Vicari G (1991) Validation of purification procedures for removing and/or inactivating viruses in biologicals:points to consider. Developments in biological standardization 75: 227–232.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Xue W and Minocha HC (1996) Identification of bovine viral diarrhea virus receptor in different cell types. Veterinary Microbiology 49: 67–79.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. USDA, APHIS, VS, Center for Veterinary Biologics-Laboratory, P.O Box 844, Ames, IA, 50010, USA

    Stephen J. Wessman & Randall L. Levings

Authors
  1. Stephen J. Wessman
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Randall L. Levings
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA

    Michael J. Betenbaugh  & Alison J. Mastrangelo  & 

  2. The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA

    Jeffrey J. Chalmers

  3. Genentech Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA

    Rob Arathoon

  4. Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon, USA

    Frank W. R. Chaplen

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1998 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Wessman, S.J., Levings, R.L. (1998). Collective experiences of adventitious viruses of animal-derived raw materials and what can be done about them. In: Betenbaugh, M.J., Chalmers, J.J., Arathoon, R., Chaplen, F.W.R., Mastrangelo, A.J. (eds) Cell Culture Engineering VI. Current Applications of Cell Culture Engineering, vol 3. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4786-6_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4786-6_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-6011-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-4786-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation