Abstract
The numerical response of populations to different food concentrations in an important parameter to be determined for a mechanistic approach to interspecific competition. Theory predicts that the species with the lowest food level (TFL) should always be the superior competitor if only one food source is offered. However, TFLs are not species specific constants but may change along environmental gradients such as food size or temperature.
The hypothesis that temperature differentially affects the TFLs of three planktonic rotifers (Asplanchna priodonta, Brachionus calyciflorus and Synchaeta pectinata) was tested in laboratory experiments. Numerical responses were assessed for all three rotifers at 12, 16, 20, 24 and 28°C with Cryptomonas erosa as food alga. Growth rates of all three rotifers at high food concentrations (1 mg C l-1) increased as temperature increased until the limits of thermal tolerance were reached. This increase was very pronounced for Brachionus, but less for Synchaeta which already had relatively high growth rates at 12°C. Along the temperature gradient, the TFLs of Synchaeta increased from 0.074 to 0.66 mg C l-1, whereas those of Asplanchna and Brachionus stayed relatively constant at 0.3 and 0.2 mg C 1-1, respectively. Hence, the zero net growth isocline (ZNGI) of Synchaeta crossed those of Brachionus and Asplanchna at 16 and 20.5°C, respectively. The results suggest that Synchaeta is better adapted to low temperatures than the other two rotifers and should be the superior competitor below 16°C.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Achenbach, L. & W. Lampert, 1997. Effects of elevated temperatures on threshold food concentrations and possible competitive abilities of differentially sized cladoceran species. Oikos 79: 469–476.
Berzins, B. & B. Pejler, 1989. Rotifer occurrence in relation to temperature. Hydrobiologia 175: 223–231.
Draper, N. R. & H. Smith, 1980. Applied Regression Analysis. Wiley, New York.
Gilbert, J. J. & J. D. Jack, 1993. Rotifers as predators on small ciliates. Hydrobiologia 255/256: 247–253.
Gliwicz, Z. M., 1985. Prédation and food limitation: an ultimate reason for extinction of planktonic cladoceran species. Arch. Hydrobiol. Suppl. 21: 419–430.
Guillard, R. R. L., 1975. Culture of phytoplankton for feeding marine invertebrates. In Smith W. L. & M. H. Chanley (eds), Culture of Marine Invertebrate Animals. Plenum, New York: 29–60.
Kirk, K. L. & J. J. Gilbert, 1990. Suspended clay and the population dynamics of planktonic rotifers and cladocerans. Ecology 71: 1741–1755.
Klüttgen, B., U. Dülmer, M. Engels & H. T. Ratte, 1994a. ADaM, an artificial fresh water for the culture of zooplankton. Wat. Res. 28: 743–746.
Klüttgen, B., U. Dülmer, M. Engels & H. T. Ratte, 1994b. Corrigendum. Wat. Res. 28: 1.
Lampert, W., 1977. Studies on the carbon balance of Daphnia pulex de Geer as related to environmental conditions. IV. Determination of the ‘threshold’ concentration as a factor controlling the abundance of zooplankton species. Arch. Hydrobiol. Suppl. 48: 361–368.
Lampert, W. & U. Schober, 1980. The importance of ‘threshold’ food concentrations. In Kerfoot, W. C. (ed.), Evolution and Ecology of Zooplankton Communities. University Press of New England, Hanover, New Hampshire: 264–267.
Pourriot, R., 1977. Food and feeding habits of rotifera. Arch. Hydrobiol. Suppl. 8: 243–260.
Rothhaupt, K. O., 1990. Population growth rates of two closely related rotifer species: effects of food quality, particle size, and nutritional quality. Freshwat. Biol. 23: 561–570.
Seale, D. B., M. E. Boraas & J. B. Horton, 1993. Using of semi-continuous culture methods for examining competitive outcome between two freshwater rotifers (Genus Brachionus) growing on a single algal resource. In Walz, N. (ed.) Plankton Regulation Dynamics. Springer, Berlin: 161–177.
Starkweather, P. L., J. J. Gilbert & T. M. Frost, 1979. Bacterial feeding in the rotifer Brachionus calyciflorus: clearance and ingestion rates, behavior and population dynamics. Oecologia 44: 26–30.
Stemberger, R. S. & J. J. Gilbert, 1985. Body size, food concentration, and population growth in planktonic rotifers. Ecology 66: 1151–1159.
Tilman, D., M. Mattson & S. Langer, 1981. Competition and nutrient kinetics along a temperature gradient: An experimental test of a mechanistic approach to niche theory. Limnol. Oceanogr. 26: 1020–1033.
Tilman, D., 1982. Resource competition and community structure. Princeton University Press, Princeton, N.J.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1998 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this paper
Cite this paper
Stelzer, CP. (1998). Population growth in planktonic rotifers. Does temperature shift the competitive advantage for different species?. In: Wurdak, E., Wallace, R., Segers, H. (eds) Rotifera VIII: A Comparative Approach. Developments in Hydrobiology, vol 134. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4782-8_46
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4782-8_46
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-6009-7
Online ISBN: 978-94-011-4782-8
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive