Abstract
In 1986 the Chernobyl accident served as a rude reminder that relatively little effort had been devoted to atmospheric long range transport models. Deficiencies covered both our ability to understand and represent dispersion processes on the spatial and temporal scales involved and our capacity to acquire and treat the necessarily large amounts of data. Appreciable progress has been achieved on both fronts especially in data communications and computing power, but a further barrier exists in the form of the relatively sparse experimental data against which model results can be compared. Thus validation work post-Chernobyl has frequently relied on data resulting from that accident. Such data, however, was heterogeneous [25] often lacking in quality control and, being scattered over many institutes, usually only selectively available to individual modellers [2, 29, 22, 1, 13, 23, 20, 11, 15, 12].
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Albergel, A., Martin, D., Strauss, B. and Gros, J. M. (1988), The Chernobyl accident: modelling of dispersion over Europe of the radioactive plume and comparison with activity measurements, Atmos. Environ. 22, 2431–2444.
Apsimon, H.M. and Wilson, J.J.N. (1987), Modelling atmospheric dispersal of the Chernobyl release across Europe, Boundary Layer Meteorology, 4l, 123–133.
Archer, J., Girardi, F., Graziani, G., Klug, W., Mosca, S. and Nodop, K. (1996), The European Long range Tracer Experiment (ETEX). Preliminary Evaluation of Model Intercomparison Exercise. Procs. of 21st International Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modelling and its Application, Baltimore,USA, November, 6–10, 1995, Gryning and Schiermeier (eds.), Plenum Press, New York.
Begley, P., Foulger, B. and Simmonds, P. (1988), Femtogram detection of perfluorocarbon tracers using capillary gas chromatography-electron-capture negative ion chemical ionisation mass spectrometry. Journal of chromatography, 445–453.
Brandt, J., Bastrup-Birk, A., Christensen, J. H., Mikkelsen, T., ThykierNielsen, S. and Zlatev, Z., (1998), Testing the importance of accurate meteorological input fields and parameterizations in atmospheric transport modelling, using DREAM-validation against ETEX-1, Atmos. Environ., 32, pp. 4167–4186.
Desiato, F., Anfossi, D., Castelli, S. T., Ferrero, E. and Tinarelli, G. (1998), The role of wind field, mixing height and horizontal diffusivity investigated through two Lagrangian models. Atmos. Environ., 32, pp. 4157–4165.
Dietz, R.N. (1986), Perfluorocarbon Tracer technology. in Regional and long-range transport of air pollution (S. Sandroni, ed.), Elsevier Science Publishers.
Eliassen, A. (1980), A review of long-range transport modeling. Journal of Applied Meteorolgy, 19, 231–240.
Graziani, G., W. Klug and S. Mosca (1998), Real-time long-range dispersion model evaluation of the ETEX first release, ISBN 92–828–3657–6. Office for Official Publications of the European Communities, Luxembourg.
Gryning, S.-E., Batchvarova, E., Schneiter, D., Bessemoulin, P. and Berger, H. (1998)„ Meteorological conditions at the release site during the two tracer experiments, Atmosr. Environ., 32, pp. 4123–4137.
Hass, H., Memmesheimer, M., Geiss, H., Jakobs, H.J., Laube, M. and Ebel, A. (1990), Simulation of the Chernobyl radioactive cloud over Europe using the EURAD model. Atmos. Environ. 24A, 673–792.
Ishikawa, H. (1995), Evaluation of the effect of horizontal diffusion on the long-range atmospheric transport simulation with Chernobyl data, J. Appl. Meteor. 34, 1653–1665.
Kimura, F., and Yoshikawa, T. (1988), Numerical simulation of global dispersion of radioactive pollutants from the accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant. J. Met. Soc. Japan 66, 489–495.
Koffi (1998), Evaluation of Long Range Atmospheric Models using Environmental Radioactivity, Elsevier Science Publishers, Barking, England.
Maryon, R.H., Smith, J.B., Conway, B.J. and Goddard, D.M. (1991), The UK nuclear accident model. Prog. Nucl. Energy 26, 85–104.
Nasstrom, J. S. and Pace, J. C. (1998), Evaluation of the effect of meteorological data resolution on Lagrangian particle dispersion simulations using the ETEX experiment, Atmos. Environ., 32, pp. 4187–4194.
Nodop, R. Connolly, and Girardi, F. (1997), European Tracer Experiment. Experimental Results and Data Base. In: Proc. 6th Topical Meeting on Emergency Preparedness and Response, San Francisco, CA, April 22–25, 1997.
Nodop, R. Connolly, F. Girardi (1997), The European Tracer Experiment. Experimental Results and Database. In: Proc. 22nd NATO/CCMS Intern. Technical Meeting on Air Pollution Modelling and its Application, Clermont-Ferrand, France 2–6 June 1997.
Nodop, K., Comolly, R., and Girardi, F. (1998), The field campaigns of the European tracer experiment (ETEX): overview and results, Atmosr. Environ., 32, pp. 4095–4108.
Piedelivre, J.P., Musson-Genon, L.M. and Bompay, F. (1990), MEDIA - a E ulerian model of atmospheric dispersion: first validation on the Chernobyl release. J. Appl. Meteor 29, 1205–1220.
Piringer, K. Baumann, H. Rtzer, J. Riesing and Nodop, K. (1997), Results on Perfluorocarbon Background Concentrations in Austria, Atrnos. Environ. 31, 515–527.
Pudykiewicz, J. (1988), Numerical simulation of the transport of radioactive cloud from the Chernobyl nuclear accident. Tellus 40B, 241–259.
Pudykiewicz, J. (1989), Simulation of the Chernobyl dispersion with a 3-D hemispheric tracer transport model, Tellus 41B, 391–412.
Pudykiewicz, J. A. and Koziol, A. S. (1998), An application of the theory of kinematics of mixing to the study of tropospheric dispersion. Atmos. Environ., 32, pp. 4227–4244
Raes, F., Graziani, G, Stanners, D. and Girardi, F. (1990), Radioactivity measurements in air over Europe after the Chernobyl accident. Atmos. Environ. 24A, 909–916.
Robertson, L. and Langner, J. (1998), Source funftion estimate by means of varitional data assimilation applied to the ETEX-1 tracer experiment. Atmosp. Environ., 32, pp. 4219–4226.
Sorensen, J. H., Rasmussen, A., Ellermann, T. and Lyck, E. (1998), Mesoscale influence on long-range transport - evidence from ETEX modelling and observations, Atmos. Environ., 32, pp. 4207–4218.
Stohl, A. and Koffi, N. E. (1998), Evaluation of trajectories calculated from ECMWF data against constant volume balloon flights during ETEX, Atrnos. Environ., 32, pp. 4151–4156.
Wheeler, D.A. (1988), Atmospheric dispersal and deposition of radioactive material from Chernobyl. Atrnosp. Environ. 22, 853–863.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1999 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Van Dop, H., Graziani, G., Klug, W. (1999). ETEX: A European Tracer Experiment. In: Zlatev, Z., et al. Large Scale Computations in Air Pollution Modelling. NATO Science Series, vol 57. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4570-1_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4570-1_11
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-0-7923-5678-3
Online ISBN: 978-94-011-4570-1
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive