Skip to main content

The Present Position of the Electrostatics in the Environment Protection and the Canadian Experience

  • Chapter
The Modern Problems of Electrostatics with Applications in Environment Protection

Part of the book series: NATO Science Series ((ASEN2,volume 63))

  • 288 Accesses

Abstract

The common denominator of established industries owing success to electrostatics, involves small forces acting on micron and sub-micron particles. While such forces appear insignificant, they are enormous when compared to gravity acting on the same particles in air. Furthermore, designed electric fields can move them along any desired paths, without affecting the gaseous medium. Considering that the earth air is shared by its entire population, and that particulates present major health hazard, the properties of the electric forces put them in the forefront of effort to restore our air environment. The encouraging results of gaseous pollution abatement research in world laboratories, with corona induced oxidation and/or plasma chemical processes, cost wise, are not yet acceptable to industry. The Canadian industrial developments in minimizing particulate emissions is presented together with the limited research in gaseous pollution abatement.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Inculet, I.I., and Castle, G.S.P. (1981) Deposition Studies with a Novel Form of Electrostatic Crop Sprayer, Journal of Electrostatics 10, 65–72. The presented studies refer to the deposition achieved by means of a novel electrostatic sprayer developed by researchers at a The University of Western Ontario. The deposition studies were carried out on an 8-hectare section of a large orchard in the vicinity of London, Ontario, CanadThe paper presents both chemical analyses of the residuals pesticides and fluorescent dye depositions.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. Inculet, I.I., Castle, G.S.P., and Brown,.D. (1992) Electrostatic Separation of Mixed Plastic Waste, Davos Recycle ‘82, International Forum and Exposition, Davos, Switzerland. April 7–10. Pp10/1–13. The authors describe some successful fundamental experiments for electrostatic separation of various two-component mixtures of waste plastics obtained from processing industries in the form of flakes of granules of: PET (green and white), HDPE (brown and natural) and PP. An example of some typical results: from a mixture of 50/50 Pet freen flakes and pvc white flakes, it has been possible to recover 92,7% of the PET material with an extract content of 99,4%, and 92,9% of the PVC with an extract content of 99,8%.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Inculet, I.I. and Fischer, J.K. (1989) Electrostatic Aerial Spraying. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Applications, Vol.25, No.3, May/June, pp. 558–562. A new method is presented for electrostatic aerial spraying and automatic control of the aircraft potential as well as some preliminary tests carried out with a full-scale sincraft. The method consists of inductively charging two coplanar clouds of opposite polarity and controlling any minor accidental charged on the electrical system by means of corona discharges.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Inculet, I.I., Hhodgson, K.J. and Millward, J.G. (1986) Cross Current Dual Aerodynamically Shaped Atomizer Elwectrostatic Spray Nozzle. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Applications, VoI.IA-22, Nov/Dec, pp. 977–981. The paper presents an apparatus containing two air-foil shaped, air shear nozzles which generates a charged, dual cloud comprising an insecticide aerosol cloud above and a water aerosol cloud below. Throudh self-expansion of the cloud by mutual repulsion of the charged particles, and image attraction to the wall surfaces, a significantly selective deposition was achieved on the inside of surfaces in the upper and lower of the enclosure.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Inculet, I.I. and Klein, R.G. (1996) Electrostatic Painting of Nonconductive Surfaces with Water-Base Paints. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Applications, Vol.32, No.l, January/ February, pp. 90–92 The authors present a new painting method consisting of generating ultrasonically atomized electrically charged water particles behind the nonconductive surface to be painted.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Inculet, I.I. and Lackner, J.R. (1995) Micron-Size Particle Filtration with Dual Wire Artificial Electret Fibres. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Applications, Vol.31, No.5, September/October, pp. 942–946.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Inculet, I.I. and Lo, K.Y. (1988) Dielectrophoretic Consolidation of Clays. Presented at the 1988 Industry Applications Conference, The 23nd Annual Meeting, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, pp. 1574–1577

    Google Scholar 

  8. Inculet, I.I., Murata, Y., and Castle G.S.P. (1983) A new Electrostatic Separator and Sizer for Small Particles. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Applications, VO1.IA-19, No.3, May/June, pp. 318–323. Experimental results are obteined with a new apparatus developed at The University of Western Ontario, Canada, for the separation and sizing of particles in the 90–700µm diameter range. The experiments with fly ash show an effective separation of carbon-rich fractions containing as high as 60 percent carbon.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Inculet, I.I., Quigley, R.M., Bergougnou, M.A., Brown, J.D. and Faurschou, D.K. (1980) Electrostatic Benefication of Hat Creek coal in the Fluidized State. CIM Bulletin, Vol. 73, No.882, October pp. 51–61. Coal from Hat Creek, B.C., has been successfully beneficiated to remove ash while retaining calorific value by a dry electrostatic separation process using a fluidized bed for triboelectrification. Recoveries and ash centents of the beneficiated coal are comparable to recoveries by water washing, but the dry process avoids the potential water pollution problems.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Inculet, I.I. and Strathdee, G.G. (1988) Electrostatic Beneficiation of Potash Ores. Presented at the 1988 Industry Applycations Conference, the 23-rd Annual Meeting, Pittsburg, Pennsylvania, pp. 1771–1776. The authors present a study of the effectiveness of electrostatic extraction of the KC1 fraction from thepotash ore by additive enhanced triboelectrification. Recoveries in the order of 50% of the total KCl mass were achieved with a KCl concentration of 92%.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Inculet, I.I., Surgeoner, G.A., Haufe, W.O., Hodgson, K.J. and DeAlmeida, L.P. (1984) Spraying of Electrical Charged Insecticide Aerosols in Enclosed Spaces, Part I. IEEEE Transactions on Industrial Applications, Vol.IA-20, No.3, May/June, pp. 667–681. Present methods for applying insecticide inside farm buidings are limited to hand-held mechanical spray equipment or mechanical aerosol foggers. These systems waste pesticide and contaminate the environment through outside drift. Health Hazards are also posed to the farmer due to close contact with the insecticides and problems arise with the development of immunities in the insect population. Presented are the experimental results of preliminary investigations into the use of charged aerosol spray application of insecticide in enclosed rooms. The results show that a charged spray gives a 25–45 Percent improvement in the LT-50 index over an unchargged spray under the same conditions. (LT-50 is the time required to kill 50 percent of an insect population.) This shows the advantages of using electrostatic systems for spraying insecticides inside buildings.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Jayaram, S., Castle, G.S.P. J., Berezin, A.., Looy, P.C., Mangal, R., and Mozes, M.S. (1996) Semipilot Plant Pulse Energized Cold-Precharger Electrostatic Precipitator Tests for Collection of Moderately High Resistivity Flyash Particles. IEEE Transactions on Industrial Applications, Vol.32, No.4, July/August, pp. 851–857. The performance of an electrostatic precipitator to collect moderately high resistivity flyash has been tested under pulse/precharger energization using the semipilot scale of integrated electrostatics combustion flui gas cleaning system at Ontario Hydro’s 640 MJ/h Combustion Research Facility Centre. The pulse energization enhanced the performance of the existing dc energized wire-plate electrostatic precipitator in collecting moderately high resistivity (p— 1010 Qcm) flyash.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Robinson, J.A., Bergougnou, Cairns, W.L., Castle, G.S.P. and Inculet, I.I. (1997) A New Type of Ozone Generator Using Taylor Cones on Water Surfaces. Conference Record 1997, 32-nd Annual Meeting of the IEEE Industry Applications Society, New Orleans, LouisianOctober 5–9, pp. 1797–1802. This paper describes a new method of ozone generation particulary suited for use in water purification. When the electrode is energized by an ac high voltage, a multitude of “Taylor Cones” forms on the water surface. The tips of the cones provide points for corona and/or silent discharge pulses, which initiate ozone generation.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Shang, J.Q, and Lo, K.Y. (1995) Applications of electrokinetics in tailing treatment. Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Tailing&Mine Waste ‘95/Fort Collins/Colorado, USA, 17–20 January, pp. 493–503. A feasibility study on a slime from the phosphate mining industry in Florida is presented, including an analysis of material properties and the results of a laboratory envestigation.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Yamamoto, T., Chang, J., Berezin, A.A., Kohno, H., Honda, S. and Shibuya, (1996) Decomposition of Toluene, o-Xylene, Trichloroethylene, and their Mixture Using BaTiO3 Packed-Bed Plasma Reactor. Journal of Advanced Oxidation Technology, Vol 1, No.1, pp. 67–78. Nonthermal plasma technologies offer an innovative approach to the problem of decomposing various volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Laboratory-scale packed-bed plasma technology was successfully demonstrated for the application of VOC control in semiconductor clean room environments.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Zukeran, A., Looy, P.C., Chakrabarti, A., Berezin, A.A., Jayaram, S., Cross, J., Ito, T., and Chang, J. (1997) Collection Efficiency of Ultrafine Particles by an Electrostatic Precipitator under DCC and Pulse Operating modes. IEEE Industry Applications Society, New Orleans, LouisianOctober 5–9, pp. 1730–1736. For ESP under do operation modes, experimental results show that the collection efficiency for dc applied voltage decreas with increasing dust loading when particle density lager than 2.5 x 1010 part /m3.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1999 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Inculet, I.I. (1999). The Present Position of the Electrostatics in the Environment Protection and the Canadian Experience. In: Inculet, I.I., Tanasescu, F.T., Cramariuc, R. (eds) The Modern Problems of Electrostatics with Applications in Environment Protection. NATO Science Series, vol 63. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4447-6_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4447-6_1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-7923-5930-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-4447-6

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics