Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Chemistry and Radiation Changes in the Ozone Layer pp 301–329Cite as

Satellite Observations of Tropospheric and Stratospheric Gases

  • Chapter

Part of the book series: NATO Science Series ((ASIC,volume 557))

Abstract

In this lecture the scientific requirements for stratospheric and tropospheric remote sensing are discussed and recent developments are reviewed. The development of atmospheric trace constituent remote sounding is discussed. An emphasis is placed on stratospheric and tropospheric trace gas measurements from satellites orbiting the earth. The current and next generation of instrumentation to make global measurements is then discussed.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   129.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   169.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Baker, R. L., L.E. Maudlin III and J.M. Russell III (1986) Design and performance of the halogen occultation experiment (HALOE) remote sensor. Society of Photo-Optical. Instrumentation and Engineering Proceedings 685:181–191.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Bamett, J.J., P.E. Morris, T.J. Nightingale, C.W.P. Palmer, G.D. Peskett, C.D. Rodgers, F.W. Taylor, P. Venters, R.J. Wells, J.G. Whitney, J. Ballard and J. Knight (1992) The Improved Stratospheric and Mesospheric Sounder on the Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite. Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation and Engineering Proceedings 1715:527.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Barrie, L.A., J.W. Bottenheim, R.C. Snell, P.J. Crutzen and R.A. Rasmussen (1988) Ozone destruction and photochemical reactions at polar sunrise in the lower Arctic atmosphere. Nature 334:138–140.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. Bhartia, P.K., R.D. McPeters, C.L. Mateer, L.E. Flynn and C. Wellemeyer (1996) Algorithm for the estimation of vertical ozone profiles from the backscattered ultraviolet technique. Journal of Geophysical Research 101:18793–18806.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. Bone N. (1991) The Aurora: sun-earth interactions Ellis Norwood, New York, London.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Bovensmann, H., J.P. Burrows, M. Buchwitz, J. Frerick, S. Noël, V.V. Rozanov, K.V. Chance, A.P.H. Goede (1998) SCIAMACHY- Mission Objectives and Measurement Modes. Journal of Atmospheric Science 56 No 2 127–149.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. Bramstedt, K., K.-U. Eichmann, M. Weber, V.V. Rozanov, R. Hoogen, R. de Beek, M. Buchwitz, T. Kurosu and J.P. Burrows (1998) Ozone Profiles from the GOME Satellite Data — Part II: First Results from the Arctic Winter Campaign Proceedings of the 4th European Symposium on Stratopsheric Ozone, Schliersee, 22–26 September 1997, pp. 189–192.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Brasunas, J.C., V.G. Kunde and L.W. Herath (1988) Cryogenic fourier spectrometer for measuring trace species in the lower stratosphere. Applied Optics 27:4964–4976.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Brekke, A. and A. Egland (1994) The Northern Lights: their heritage and science Grendahl og Dreyers Forlag AS, Oslo.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Burrows, J.P., W. Schneider, J. C. Geary, K. V. Chance, A. P. H. Goede, H. J. M. Aarts, J. de Vries, C. Smorenburg and H. Visser (1990) Atmospheric remote sensing with SCIAMACHY. Digest of topical meeting on optical remote sensing of the atmosphere 1990 No. 4, Optical Society of America, Washington, D.C., pp. 71–75.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Burrows, J.P., W. Schneider and K. V. Chance (1991) GOME and SCIAMACHY: Remote Sensing of Stratospheric and Tropospheric Trace Gases. In: J.A. Pyle and N.R.P. Harris (Eds.) Polar stratospheric ozone. Proceedings of the 1st European Workshop, 3–5 October 1990, Schliersee, Germany. CEC Air Pollution Research Report 34, CEC, Brussels, pp. 99–102.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Burrows, J. P., K. V. Chance, A.P.H. Goede, R. Guzzi, B. J. Kerridge, C. Muller, D. Pemer, U. Platt, J.-P. Pommereau, W. Schneider, R. J. Spurr and H. van der Woerd (1993) Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment. In: T. D. Guyenne and C. J. Readings (Eds.) Interim Science Report ESA SP-1151, European Space Agency, Paris.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Burrows, J.P., D. Diebel, B. J. Kerridge, R. Munro, D. Pemberton, U. Platt, H. Frank (1994) A study of the methods for the retrieval of atmospheric constituents, Final Report ESA Contract 9687/91/NLBI.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Burrows, J.P., E. Hölzle, A.P.H. Goede, H. Visser and W. Fricke (1995) SCIAMACHY - Scanning Imaging Absorption Spectrometer for Atmospheric Chartography. Acta Astronautica 35:445–451.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. Burrows, J.P., M. Eisinger, A. Richter, V. Rozanov, D. Pemer and E. Hegels (1998) Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME): Measurements of OCIO over Antarctica 1995. In: R.D. Bojkov and G. Visconti (Eds.) Atmospheric ozone Proceedings of the XVIII Quadrennial Atmospheric Ozone Symposium 1996, L’Aquila, Italy, 12–21 September 1996, pp. 661–664.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Burrows, J.P., M. Weber, M. Buchwitz, V. V. Rozanov, A. Ladstätter-Weißenmayer, A. Richter, R. De Beek, R. Hoogen, K. Bramstedt and K.U. Eichmann (1999) The Global ozone monitoring experiment (GOME): Mission concept and first scientific results. Journal of Atmospheric Science 56 No 2 151–175.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. Carli, B., F. Mencaraglia and A. Bonetti (1984) Submillimeter high resolution FT spectrometer for atmospheric studies. Applied Optics 23:2594–2603.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Chance, K.V., J.P. Burrows and W. Schneider (1991) Retrieval and molecule sensitivity studies for the global ozone monitoring experiment and the scanning imaging absorption spectrometer for atmospheric chartography. In: J.L. McElroy and R.J. McNeal (Eds.) Remote Sensing of Atmospheric Chemistry. Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation and Engineering Proceedings 1491:151–168.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Chance, K.V., D.G. Johnson and W.A. Traub (1989) Measurement of stratospheric HOCI: concentration profiles, including diurnal variation. Journal of Geophysical Research 94:11059–11067.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Chance, K., J.P. Burrows, D. Pemer and W. Schneider (1997) Satellite measurements of atmospheric ozone profiles, including tropospheric ozone from UV/visible measurements in the nadir geometry: a potential method to retrieve tropospheric ozone. Journal Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer 57:467–476.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. Chu, W. and M.P. McCormick (1979) Inversion of stratospheric aerosol and gaseous constituents from space craft solar extinction data in the 0.38–1.0 micron region. Applied Optics 18:1404–1414.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Coffey, M.T., W.G. Mankin and A Golden (1981) Simultaneous spectroscopic determination of the latitudinal, seasonal, and diurnal variability of N2O, NO, NO2 and HNO3. Journal Geophysical Research 86:7331–7341.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. Connors, V.S., D.R. Cahoon, H.G. Reichte Jr. and H.E. Scheel (1991) Comparison between carbon monoxide measurements from spacebome and airborne platforms. Canadian Journal of Physics 69:1128–1137.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Crewell, S., K. Künzi, H. Nett, T. Wehr and P. Hartogh (1993) Aircraft measurements of CIO and HCI during EASOE 1991/92. Geophysical Research Letters 21:1267–1270.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. Crutzen, P.J. (1973) A discussion of the chemistry of some minor constituents in the stratosphere and the troposphere. Pure and Applied Geophysics 106–108:1385–1399.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. Dameris, M., V. Crewe, R. Hein, C. Schnat, C. Brühl and B. Steil (1998) Assessment of the future development of the ozone layer. Geophysical Research Letters 25:3579–3583.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. Dave, J.V. and C.L. Mateer (1967) A preliminary study of the possibility of estimating total atmospheric ozone from satellite measurements. Journal of Atmospheric Science 24:414–427.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. De Beek, R., R. Hoogen, V. Rozanov and J.P. Burrows (1998) Ozone profile from GOME satellite data I: algorithm development. Proceedings of the third ERS Symposium Florence 18th-23rd of March 1997. Report ESA SP 414, pp. 749–754.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Deschamps, P.Y., M. Herman, A. Podaire, M. Leroy, M. Laporte, P. Vermande (1990) A spatial instrument for the observation of polarization and directionality of earth reflectances, IGARSS 90 Conference Proceedings, IGARSS IEEE, Washington, D.C.

    Google Scholar 

  30. DeZafra, R.L., M. Jaramillo, A. Parrish, P. Solomon, R. Connor and J. Barret (1987) High concentrations of chlorine monoxide at low altitudes in the Antarctic spring stratosphere: diurnal variation. Nature 328:408–411.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. Dlugokencky, E.J., K.A. Masarie, P.M. Lang and P.P. Tans (1998) Continuing decline in the growth of the atmospheric methane burden. Nature 393:447–450

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. Eichmann, K.-U., K. Bramstedt, M. Weber, V. Rozanov, R. de Beek, R. Hoogen and J.P. Burrows (1998) Ozone profile from GOME satellite data II: Validation and application. Proceedings of the third ERS Symposium Florence 18th-23rd of March 1997. Report ESA SP 414, pp. 755–758.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Eisinger, M. and J.P. Burrows (1998a) Observations of SO2 from volcanic plumes. Earth Observation Quarterly 58:16–18.

    Google Scholar 

  34. Eisinger, M. and J.P. Burrows (1998b) Tropospheric sulphur dioxide observed by the ERS-2 GOME instrument. Geophysical Research Letters (in press).

    Google Scholar 

  35. Eisinger, E., J.P. Burrows and A. Richter (1996) Studies on the precision of GOME irradiance and radiance products and GOME measurements of OCIO and BrO over Antarctica. Report ESA WPP-108, pp. 93–109.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Eisinger, M., J.P. Burrows, A. Richter and A. Ladstätter-Weißenmayer (1998) SO2, OCIO, BrO and other minor trace gases from the Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment (GOME). Space at the service of our Environment. Proceedings of the third ERS Symposium Florence 18–23 March 1997. Report ESA SP 414, pp. 647–652.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Eisinger, M., A. Richter, A. Ladstätter-Weißenmayer and J.P. Burrows (1997) DOAS Zenith Sky Observations: 1 BrO Measurements over Bremen (53°N) 1993–1994. Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry 26:93–108.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Farman, J.C., B.G. Gardner and J.D. Franklin (1985) Large losses of total ozone in Antarctica reveal seasonal CIOx and NOx interaction. Nature 315:207–210

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. Farmer, C.B., O.F. Raper and F.G. O’Callaghan (1987) Final report on the first flight of the ATMOS instrument during the Spacelab 3 mission, April 29-May 6 1985. Publication 87–32, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Passedena, Califomia, 45 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  40. Finlayson-Pitts, B.J. and J.N. Pitts Jr. (1986) Atmospheric chemistry: Fundamentals and experimental techniques Wiley and Sons, Chichester, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  41. Fischer, H., F. Fergg and D. Rabus (1980) Radiometric measurements of stratospheric H2O, HNO3 and NO2 profiles. Proceedings of the International Radiation Symposium, Fort Collins, August 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  42. Fishman, J., C.E. Watson, J.C. Larsen and J.A. Logan (1990) Distribution of tropospheric ozone determined from satellite data. Journal of Geophysical Research 95:3599–3617.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Fishman, J., K. Fakhruzzaman, B. Cros and D. Nganga (1991) Identification of widespread pollution in the southern hemisphere deduced from satellite analyses. Science 252:1693–1696.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Fishman, J., V.G. Brackett and K. Fakhruzzaman (1992) Distribution of tropospheric ozone in the tropics from satellite and ozonsonde measurements. Journal of Atmospheric and Terrestrial Physics 54:589–597.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Fishman, J., V.G. Bracket E.V. Browell and W.B. Grant (1996) Tropospheric ozone derived from TOMS/SBUV measurements during TRACA-A. Journal of Geophysical Research 101:24069–24082.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. Frederick, J.E., R.P. Cebula, and D.F. Heath (1986) Instrument characterization for the detection of long term changes in stratospheric ozone: an analysis of the SBUV/2 radiometer. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology 3:472–480.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Gille, J.C. and J.M. Russell III (1984) The limb Infrared Monitor of the stratosphere: experimental description, performance and results. Journal of Geophysical Research 89:5125–5140.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. Gille, J.C., P.L. Bailey, R.A. Craig, F.B. House and G.P. Anderson (1980) Sounding the stratosphere and mesosphere by infrared limb scanning from space. Science 208:397.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. Gleason, J.F., N. Christina Hsu and O. Torres (1998) Biomass burning smoke measured using backscattered ultraviolet radiation: SCAR-B and Brazilian smoke interannual variability. Journal of Geophysical Research (in press).

    Google Scholar 

  50. Gunson, M.R., M.M. Abbas, M.C. Abrams, M. Allen, L.R. Brown, T.L. Brown, A.Y. Chang, A. Goldman, F. W. Irion, L.L. Lowes, E. Mahieu, G. L. Manney, H.A. Michelsen, M.J. Newchurch, C. P. Rinsland, R.J. Salawitch, G.P. Stiller, G.C. Toon, Y.L. Yung and R. Zander (1996) The Atmospheric Trace Molecule Spectroscopy (ATMOS) experiment: Deployment on the ATLAS space shuttle missions. Geophysical Research Letters 23:2333–2336.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  51. Guzzi R., E. Cattani, M. Cervino, C. Levoni, F. Torricella, J.P. Burrows and T. Kurosu (1998) GOME cloud and aerosol data products algorithms development. Final Report ESA Contract 1 1 5 72/95/NL/CN.

    Google Scholar 

  52. Guzzi, R., M. Cervino, F. Torricella, J.P. Burrows, T. Kurosu, V. Rozanov, K. Chance and P. Watts (1996) Final Report - A study of cloud detection. ESA Contract 10997/94/NL/CN.

    Google Scholar 

  53. Haagen-Smit, A.J. (1952) Chemistry and physiology of Los Angeles smog. Industrial Engineering and Chemistry 44:1342.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  54. Haagen-Smit, A.J., E.F. Darley, M. Zailin, H. Hull and W. Noble (1952) Investigation on injury to plants from air pollution in the Los Angeles area. Plant Physiology 27:18.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  55. Hartmann, G.K., R.M. Bevilacqua, P.R. Schwartz, N. Kämpfer, K.F. Künzi, A. Berg, W. Boogaerts, B.J. Connor, C.L. Croskey, M. Daehler, W. Degenhardt, H.D. Dicken, D. Goldizen, D. Kriebel, J. Langen, A. Loidl, J.J. Olivero, T. A. Pauls, S.E. Puliafito, M.L. Richards, C. Rudin, J.J. Tsou, W.B. Wallmann, G. Umlauft and R. Zwick (1996) Measurements of O3, H2O, and CIO in the middle atmosphere using the millimeter wave atmospheric sounder (MAS). Geophysical Research Letters 23:2313–2317.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  56. Heath, D.F., C.L. Mateer and A.J. Kruger (1973) The Nimbus-4 Backscatter Ultraviolet (BUV) atmospheric ozone experiment - two years’ operation. Pure and Applied Geophysics 106–108:12381253.

    Google Scholar 

  57. Heath, D.F., A.J. Krueger, H.A. Roeder and B.D. Henderson (1975) The solar backscatter ultraviolet and total ozone mapping spectrometer (SBUV/TOMS) for Nimbus-G. Optical Engineering 14:323–332.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  58. Hegels, E., D. Pemer, P.J. Crutzen, J.P. Burrows, A. Ladstätter-Weißenmayer, M. Eisinger, J. Callies and W. Balzer (1998) Global Ozone Monitoring Experiment: first BrO measurement. In: R. D. Bojkov and G. Visconti (Eds.) Atmospheric Ozone Proceedings of the XVIII Quadrennial Atmospheric Ozone Symposium 1996, L’Aquila, Italy 12–21 September 1996, pp. 293–296.

    Google Scholar 

  59. Heij, G.J. and J.W. Erisman (1995) (Eds.) Acid rain research: Do we have enough answers? Studies in Environmental Science 64. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 502 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  60. Hilsenrath, E., D. Williams and J. Frederick (1988) Calibration of long term data sets from operational satellites using the space shuttle. Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation and Engineering Proceedings 924:215–222.

    Google Scholar 

  61. Hilsenrath, E., P.A. Newman, R.B. Cebula, P.W. DeCamp, T.J. Kelly and L. Coy (1996) Ozone change from 1992 to 1993 as observed from SSBUV on the ATLAS-1 and ATLAS-2 missions. Geophysical Research Letters 23:2305–2308.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  62. Hilsenrath, E., R.P. Cebula, M.T. Deland, K. Laamann, S. Taylor, C. Wellemeyer and P.K. Bhartia (1995) Calibration of the NOAA-11 solar backscatter ultraviolet (SBUV/2) ozone data set from 1989 to 1993 using in-flight calibration data and SSBUV. Journal of Geophysical Research 100:1351–1366

    Article  Google Scholar 

  63. Hoogen, R., V.V. Rozanov and J.P. Burrows (1999) Ozone profiles from GOME satellite data: algorithm description and first validation. Journal of Geophysical Research 104: 8263–8280.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  64. Hoogen, R., V. Rozanov, R. de Beek, K. Bramstedt, K.-U. Eichmann, M. Weber, T. Kurosu, and J.P. Burrows (1998) Ozone Profiles from COME satellite Part I: Advances in retrieval algorithm development. Proceedings of the 4th European Symposium on Stratospheric Ozone, Schliersee 22–26 September 1997, pp. 677–680.

    Google Scholar 

  65. Houghton, J.T., L.G. Meira-Filho, J. Bruce, Hoesung Lee, B.A. Callander, E. Haites, N. Harris and K. Maskell (Eds.) (1995) Climate Change 1994: Radiative forcing of climate change and an evaluation of the IPCC IS92 emission scenarios Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 339 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  66. Hsu, N.C., J.R. Herman, P.K. Bhartia, C.J. Seftor, O. Torres, A.M. Thompson, J.F. Gleason, T.F. Eck and B.N. Holben (1996) Detection of biomass burning smoke from TOMS measurements. Geophysical Research Letters 23:745–748.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  67. Hudson, R.D. and A.M. Thompson (1998) Tropical ozone from total ozone mapping spectrometer by a modified residual method. Journal of Geophysical Research 103:22129–22146.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  68. Hudson, R.D., J. Kim and A.M. Thompson (1995) On the derivation of tropospheric column ozone from radiance measured by the total ozone mapping spectrometer. Journal of Geophysical Research 100:11138–11145.

    Google Scholar 

  69. Ignatov, A.M., L.L. Stiwe, S.M. Sakerin, G.K. Korotaev (1995) Validation of the NOAA/NESDIS satellite aerosol product over the North Atlantic in 1989. Journal of Geophysical Research 100:51235132.

    Google Scholar 

  70. Iozenas, V.A. et al (1969a) Studies of the earth’s ozonosphere from satellites. Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR Fizika Atmosfery I Okeana 5:77–82.

    Google Scholar 

  71. Iozenas, V.A. et al (1969b) An investigation of the planetary ozone distribution from satellite measurements of ultraviolet spectra. Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR Fizika Atmosfery I Okeana 5:219233.

    Google Scholar 

  72. Kim, J.-H., R.D. Hudson and A.M. Thompson (1996) A new method for deriving time averaged tropospheric column ozone over the tropics using total ozone monitoring spectrometer (TOMS) radiances: intercomparison and analysis using TRACE A data. Journal of Geophysical Research 101:24317–24330.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  73. Krasnopol’skiy, V.A. (1966) The ultraviolet spectrum of solar radiation reflected by the terrestrial atmosphere and its use in determining the total content and vertical distribution of atmospheric ozone. Russian Geomagnetism and Aeronomy 6:236–242.

    Google Scholar 

  74. Krueger, A.J. (1983) Sighting of El Chichon sulfur dioxide with the Nimbus 7 total ozone mapping spectrometer. Science 220:1377–1378.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  75. Krueger, A.J., C.C. Schnetzler, L.S. Walter (1996) The December 1981 eruption of Nyamuragira Volcano (Zaire) and the origin of the “mystery cloud” of early 1982. Journal of Geophysical Research 101:15191–15196.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  76. Krueger, A.J., L.S. Walter, P.K. Bhartia, C.C. Schnetzler, N.A. Krotkov, I. Sprod and G.J.S. Bluth (1995) Volcanic sulfur dioxide measurements from the total ozone mapping spectrometer (TOMS) instruments. Journal of Geophysical Research 100:14057–14076.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  77. Kunde, V.G., J.C. Brasunas, W.C. Maguire, J.R. Herman, S.T. Massie, M.M. Abbas, L. Herath and W.A. Shaffer (1988) Measurement of nighttime stratospheric N2O5 from infrared emission spectra. Geophysical Research Letters 15:1177–1180.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  78. Levine, J. (Editor) (1991) Global biomass burning: atmospheric, climatic and biospheric implications MIT Press, Cambridge, Mass.

    Google Scholar 

  79. Lovelock, J.E. (1979) Gaia: A new look at life on earth Oxford University Press, Oxford.

    Google Scholar 

  80. Lovelock, J.E., R.J. Maggs and R.J. Wade (1973) Halogenated hydrocarbons in and over the Atlantic. Nature 241:194–196

    Article  Google Scholar 

  81. Mateer, C.L., D.F. Heath and A.J. Kruger (1971) Estimation of total ozone from satellite measurements of backscattered Earth radiance. Journal of Atmospheric Science 24:414–420.

    Google Scholar 

  82. Maudlin Ill, L.E., N.H. Zaun, M.P. McCormick, Jr. J.H. Guy, and W.R. Vaughn (1985) Stratospheric aerosol and gas experiment II instrument: a functional description. Optical Engineering 24:307–312.

    Google Scholar 

  83. McCormick, M.P., P. Hamill, T.J. Pepin, W.P. Chu, T.J. Swissler and L.R. McMaster (1979) Satellite studies of the stratospheric aerosol. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society 60:1038–1048.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  84. Molina, M.J. and F.S. Rowland (1974) Stratospheric sink for chlorofluormethanes: chlorine atom catalyzed destruction of ozone. Nature 249:810–814.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  85. Mount, G.M., R.W. Sanders, A.L. Schmetekopf and S. Solomon (1987) Visible and near ultraviolet spectroscopy at McMurdo station Antarctica 1: Overview and daily variations of NO2 and O3 during austral spring 1986. Journal of Geophysical Research 92:8320–8340.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  86. Mount, G.M., D.W. Rusch, J.F. Noxon, J.M. Zawodny and C. Barth (1984) Measurement of stratospheric NO2 from the solar mesospheric explorer satellite: 1. An overview of the results. Journal of Geophysical Research 89:1327–1339.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  87. Munro, R., B.J. Kerridge, K.V. Chance and J.P. Burrows (1993) Ozone Profile Retrieval Information from the ESA GOME Instrument. Proceedings of the Quadrennial Ozone Symposium, June 4–13 1992, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.

    Google Scholar 

  88. Munro, R., R. Siddams, W.J. Reburn and B.J. Kerridge (1998) Direct measurement of tropospheric ozone distributions from space. Nature 392:168–171.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  89. Murcray, D., D.B. Barker, J.N. Brooks, A. Goldman and G.W.J. Williams (1975) Seasonal and latitudinal variation of the stratospheric concentration of HNO3. Geophysical Research Letters 2:223–225.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  90. Murcray, D.G., A. Goldman, F.H. Murcray, F.J. Murcray and W.J. Williams (1979) Stratospheric distribution of CIONO2. Geophysical Research Letters 6:857–859.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  91. Pemer, D., T. Klüpfel, E. Hegels, P.J. Crutzen and J.P. Burrows (1998) First results on tropospheric observations by GOME on ERS-2. Proceedings of the third ERS Symposium Florence 18–23 March 1997, Space at the service of our Environment. Report ESA SP 414, pp. 647–652.

    Google Scholar 

  92. Platt, U. and D. Pemer (1980) Direct measurements of atmospheric HCHO, HONG, O3, NO2, and SO2, by differential optical absorption spectroscopy in the near UV. Journal of Geophysical Research 85:7453–7465.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  93. Pougatchev, N.S., N.B. Jones, B.J. Connor, C.P. Rinsland, E. Becker, M.T. Coffey, V.S. Connors, P. Demoulin, A.V. Dzhola, H. Fast, E.I. Grechko, J.W. Hannigan, M. Koike, Y. Kondo, E. Mahieu, W.G. Mankin, R. L. Mittermeier, J. Notholt, H. G. Richle Jr., B. Sen, L. P. Steele, G.C. Toon, L. N. Yurganov, R. Zander and Y. Zhao (1998) Ground based infrared solar spectroscopic measurements of carbon monoxide during the 1994 MAPS flights. Journal of Geophysical Research 103:19317–19325.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  94. Rawcliffe, R.D. and D.D. Elliot (1966) Latitude distributions of ozone at high altitudes deduced from satellite measurement of the earth’s radiance at 2840 A. Journal of Geophysical Research 71:5077–5089.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  95. Reichle Jr., H.G., V.S. Connors, J.A. Holland, W.D. Hypes, H.A. Wallio, J.C. Casas, B.B. Gormsen, M.S. Saylor and W.D. Hesketh (1986) Middle and upper tropospheric carbon monoxide mixing ratios as measured by a satellite-borne remote sensor during November 1981. Journal of Geophysical Research 91:10865–10887

    Article  Google Scholar 

  96. Reichle Jr., H.G., V.S. Connors, J.A. Holland, R.T. Sherrill, H.A. Wallio, J.C. Casas, E.P. Condon, B.B. Gormsen and W. Seiler (1990) The distribution of middle tropospheric carbon monoxide during early October 1984. Journal of Geophysical Research 95:9845–9856.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  97. Richter, A., F. Wittrock, M. Eisinger and J.P. Burrows (1998a) GOME observations of tropospheric BrO in the Northern Hemispheric Spring and Summer 1997. Geophysical Research Letters 25:2683–2686.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  98. Richter, A., M. Eisinger, A. Ladstatter-Weißenmayer and J.P. Burrows (1999) DOAS Zenith Sky Observations: 2 Seasonal variation of BrO over Bremen (53°N) 1994–1995. Journal of Atmospheric Chemistry 32:83–99.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  99. Richter, A, M. Eisinger, A. Ladstatter-Weißenmayer, F. Wittrock and J.P. Burrows (1998c) Ground based UVNis measurements of O3, NO2 and BrO over Bremen (53N 9E). In: R.D. Bojkov and G. Visconti (Eds.) Atmospheric ozone Proceedings of the XVIII Quadrennial Atmospheric Ozone Symposium, L’Aquila, Italy 12–21 September 1996, pp. 591–594.

    Google Scholar 

  100. Roach, F.E. and J.L. Gordon (1973) The light of the Night Sky Geophysics and Astrophysics Monographs, D. Reidel, Dordrecht.

    Book  Google Scholar 

  101. Roche, A.E. and J.B. Kumer (1989) Cryogenic Limb Array Etalon Spectrometer (CLAES). Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation and Engineering Proceedings 973:324–335.

    Google Scholar 

  102. Roche, A.E., P.B Fomey, J.B. Kumer, L.G. Naes and T.C. Nast (1982) Performance analysis for the cryogenic etalon spectrometer on the upper atmospheric research satellite. Society of Photo-Optical Instrumentation and Engineering Proceedings 354:46–54.

    Google Scholar 

  103. Rozanov, V.V., Yu. M. Timofeyev, A.V. Polyakov, Burrows J.P. and K.V. Chance (1992) On the possibilities of precision measurements of O3 and NO2 from space by solar radiation absorption spectra. Izvestiya Akademii Nauk SSSR Fizika Atmosfery I Okeana 28:500–505.

    Google Scholar 

  104. Rozanov, V.V., Yu. M. Timofeyev, M.S. Biryulina, J.P. Burrows, R.J.D. Spurr and D. Diebel (1993) Accuracy of atmospheric constituent retrieval from multichannel remote sensing instruments. Proceedings of the International Radiation Symposium 1992, pp. 394–397.

    Google Scholar 

  105. Rozanov, V.V., T. Kurosu and J.P. Burrows (1998) Retrieval of atmospheric constituents in the UV-visible: a new analytical approach for the calculation of weighting functions. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer, in press.

    Google Scholar 

  106. Rusch, D.W., G.H. Mount, C.A. Barth, R.J. Thomas and M.T. Callan (1984) Solar mesospheric explorer ultraviolet spectrometer: measurements of ozone in the 1.0–0.1 mbar region. Journal of Geophysical Research 84:11677–11687.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  107. Shindell, D.T., D. Rind and P. Lonergan (1998) Increased polar stratospheric ozone losses and delayed eventual recovery owing to increasing greenhouse gas concentrations. Nature 392:589–592.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  108. Singer, S.F. and R.C. Wentworth (1957) A method for the determination of the vertical ozone distribution of ozone distribution from a satellite. Journal of Geophysical Research 62:299–308.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  109. Stachnik, R.A., J.C. Hardy, J.A. Torsala, J.W. Waters and N.R. Erickson (1992) Sub-millimeter heterodyne measurements of stratospheric CIO, HCI, O3 and HCI, First results. Geophysical Research Letters 19:1931–1934.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  110. Thomas, R.J., C.A. Barth, D.W. Rusch and R.W. Sanders (1984) Solar mesospheric near-infrared spectrometer: measurements of 1.27 mm radiances and inference for mesospheric ozone. Journal of Geophysical Research 89:9569–9580.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  111. Thomas, W., E. Hegels, S. Slijkhuis, R. Spurr and K. Chance (1998) Detection of biomass burning products in South East Asia from backscatter data taken by the COME Spectrometer. Geophysical Research Letters 25:1317–1320.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  112. Titz, R., M. Birk, D. Hausamann, R. Nitsche, F. Schrier, J. Urban, H. Küllmann and H.P. Rüser (1995) Observation of stratospheric OH at 2.5 THz with an airborne heterodyne system. Infrared Physics and Technology 36:883–891.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  113. UARS (1987) Upper Atmosphere Research Satellite: Project Data Book April 1987. Prepared by General Electric Astro-Space Division Valley Forge for the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.

    Google Scholar 

  114. Urban, J., A.H.P. Goede, H. Ullmann, K. Kttnzi, G. Schwaab, N. Whyborn and J. Wohlgemuth (1998) Chlorine activation and ozone destruction in the Arctic winter stratosphere 1996, as measured by an Airbome-Submillimetre SIS Radiometer. Geophysical Research Letters (in press).

    Google Scholar 

  115. Wagner T. and Platt U. (1997), Observation of Tropospheric BrO from the GOME Satellite, Nature 395: 486–490.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  116. Waters, J.W., J.C. Hardy, R.F. Jarnot and H.M. Pickett (1981) Chlorine monoxide radical, ozone and hydrogen peroxide by microwave limb sounding. Science 214:61–64.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  117. Waters, J.W., J.C. Hardy, R.F. Jarnot, H.M. Pickett and P. Zimmermann (1984) A balloon borne microwave limb sounder for stratospheric measurements. Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy and Radiative Transfer 32:407–433.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  118. Waters, J.W., L. Froideveaux, W.G. Read, G.L. Manney, L.S. Elson, D.A. Flower, R.F. Jarnot and R.S. Harwood (1993) Stratospheric CIO and ozone from the microwave limb sounder on the Upper Atmospheric Research Satellite. Nature 362:597–602.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  119. Wittrock, F., M. Eisinger, A. Ladsttltter-Weißenmayer, A. Richter and J.P. Burrows (1998) Ground based UVNis measurements of 03, NO2, OCIO and BrO over Ny-Aalesund (79N, 12E. In: R. D. Bojkov and G. Visconti (Eds.) Atmospheric ozone Proceedings of the XVIII Quadrennial Atmospheric Ozone Symposium 1996, L’Aquila, Italy, 12–21 September 1996, pp. 623–626.

    Google Scholar 

  120. WMO (1999) Scientific Assessment of Ozone Depletion:1998, World Meteorological Organization Global Ozone Research and Monitoring Project. Report No 44, World Meteorological Organization, Geneva.

    Google Scholar 

  121. Zander, R. (1981) Recent observations of HF and HCI in the upper stratosphere. Geophysical Research Letters 8:413–416.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  122. Ziemke, J.R., S. Chandra and P.K. Bhartia (1998) Two new methods for deriving tropospheric column ozone from TOMS measurements: Assimilated UARS MLS/HALOE and convective-cloud differential techniques Journal of Geophysical Research 103:22115–22127.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Environmental Physics and Remote Sensing, University of Bremen, 330 440, D-28334, Bremen, Germany

    J. P. Burrows, A. Richter, M. Weber, K.-U. Eichmann, K. Bramstedt, A. Ladstaetter-Weissenmayer, F. Wittrock, M. Eisinger & L. Hild

Authors
  1. J. P. Burrows
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. A. Richter
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. M. Weber
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. K.-U. Eichmann
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. K. Bramstedt
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. A. Ladstaetter-Weissenmayer
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. F. Wittrock
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  8. M. Eisinger
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  9. L. Hild
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece

    Christos S. Zerefos (Professor, Director) (Professor, Director)

  2. Department of Geophysics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway

    Ivar S. A. Isaksen (Professor) (Professor)

  3. Laboratory of Atmospheric Physics, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece

    Ioannis Ziomas (Ass. Professor) (Ass. Professor)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2000 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Burrows, J.P. et al. (2000). Satellite Observations of Tropospheric and Stratospheric Gases. In: Zerefos, C.S., Isaksen, I.S.A., Ziomas, I. (eds) Chemistry and Radiation Changes in the Ozone Layer. NATO Science Series, vol 557. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4353-0_27

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4353-0_27

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-7923-6514-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-4353-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation