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Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries pp 47–74Cite as

Binary Electrodes under Equilibrium or Near-Equilibrium Conditions

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Part of the book series: NATO Science Series ((ASHT,volume 85))

Abstract

Early work on the commercial development of rechargeable lithium batteries to operate at or near ambient temperatures involved the use of elemental lithium as the negative electrode reactant. Binary phases, generally involving a solid solution of lithium in one of the forms of carbon, are currently employed on the negative side of lithium cells. On the other hand, ternary phases have generally been used on the positive side. Some of these start out as binary phases, but upon the introduction of lithium became ternary phases, even though maintaining the characteristics of binary phases. An early example of this was the use of TiS2 as the positive electrode in the work at EXXON [1,2]. Lithium is inserted in this material upon discharge, leading to the formation of LixTiS2. The system developed some years ago at Moli Energy Limited [3] included a positive electrode that was initially Mo6S8, but upon the insertion of lithium became LixMo6S8. Many of the lithium batteries that are currently produced commercially have positive electrodes that are introduced into the cell in the uncharged state as ternary phases. An example is LiCoO2. When the cell is charged lithium is deleted, and the potential becomes more positive. The composition then becomes LixCoO2, where the value of x can extend from 1 down to about 0.5.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Christian-Albrechts- Universität, Kaiserstrasse 2, D-24143, Kiel, Germany

    R. A. Huggins

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  1. R. A. Huggins
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratoire des Milieux Désordonnés et Hétérogènes, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, Paris, France

    C. Julien

  2. Central Laboratory of Electrochemical Power Sources, Sofia, Bulgaria

    Z. Stoynov

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© 2000 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

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Huggins, R.A. (2000). Binary Electrodes under Equilibrium or Near-Equilibrium Conditions. In: Julien, C., Stoynov, Z. (eds) Materials for Lithium-Ion Batteries. NATO Science Series, vol 85. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4333-2_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4333-2_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-0-7923-6651-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-011-4333-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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