Abstract
The chemically peculiar (CP) stars of the upper main sequence are introduced with explanations of the nomenclature and the characteristics of the various sub-classes. The diffusion hypothesis is explained. A description of how diffusion accounts semi-quantitatively for the CP stars is given. Problems with,the diffusion hypothesis are discussed as are applications of diffusion to other fields of stellar astrophysics. Observations of magnetic fields in upper main sequence stars are discussed and the oblique rotator model introduced and explained. Mean light variations from spots on CP stars are shown. The rapidly oscillating Ap stars are introduced, and asteroseismology of these stars is shown in detail for a few stars.
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Kurtz, D.W. (2000). An Introduction to Ap Stars, roAp Stars and the Asteroseismology of roAp Stars. In: İbanoğlu, C. (eds) Variable Stars as Essential Astrophysical Tools. NATO Science Series, vol 544. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4299-1_12
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