Abstract
In combustion of solid and liquid, charring fuels, homogeneous and heterogeneous reactions and structural changes describing phenomena in fuel/char particle and in adjacent surroundings are generally needed for complete and realistic modeling of burning.
Rank of coal (solid or liquid fuel), heating rate, size of particles and reaction conditions (temperature, gas concentrations, pressure) determine behavior, structural changes and reactivity of coal (fuel) particles during drying, devolatilization, gas phase oxidation of volatiles and char combustion. At relatively lower temperatures of combustion (< 1000 °C) the catalytic effects of ash, CaO and other solids on combustion rate of volatiles and transformation of N-precursors to nitrogen oxides are usually significant. The rate of burning or gasification of a solid fuel depends mostly on volatile or fixed carbon content. Development of pore structure, ash effects and reactivity of a char play an important role in combustion, release and reduction of nitrogen oxide (NO+N2O), SO2 and heavy metal emissions.
In this review, mechanism, contributions and relative importance of heterogeneous catalyzed and non-catalyzed reactions of gases and radicals in devolatilization, volatile and char combustion are analyzed. Further, influence of fuels, combustion conditions and technology on measured burning (reaction) rates, temperature of burning particles and emissions has been assessed, based on experimental measurements.
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Svoboda, K., Hartman, M., Cermák, J. (2000). Combustion Mechanisms — Solid Phase. In: Vovelle, C. (eds) Pollutants from Combustion. NATO Science Series, vol 547. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4249-6_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4249-6_3
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