Abstract
The research in heterogeneous catalysis is aimed at the design of tailored ultra-high selective catalysts to promote green chemistry, and supported metals constitute an important class of these materials. The properties of a supported metal particle can be fine-tuned by (i) control of particle size, (ii) forming “bimetallic” phases, and (iii) use of the metal-support interaction. The support acts as a supramolecularüar ligand and has been claimed to promote specific electronic properties and/or geometrical features of the nano-sized supported metal particles. In the electronic “theory” of catalysis, the key point lies in the strength of interaction between the d-band of the metal and the molecular orbitals of reactants and products which is for instance reflected by the heat of adsorption. The keystone in the geometric “theory” of catalysis claims that the rate is function of the probability to encounter n free neighbor metal atoms constituting the active sites with specific topological requirements, on which the reactive adsorption can occur. Some typical situations of metal-support interaction/cooperation are then described: 1) The occurrence of electronic modifications of the metal is obvious since the EF level should have been equalized at the metal-support interface. However, the extent of electron transfer seems quite small and the screening high with respect to neighboring atoms; 2) Morphological and topological features of surface metal sites are strongly affected by the so-called Strong Metal Support Interaction (SMSI). SMSI occurs after reduction at high temperature in H2 of noble metals on some reducible supports. The keystone in SMSI is the decoration of metal particles by suboxide species coming from the support, e.g. TiOx. Some typical examples of the hydrogénation of C=C, C=O, N=O bonds, as well as the hydrogenolysis of C-C and C-halogen bonds are described in relation with the occurrence of metal-support interaction.
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Coq, B. (2000). Metal-Support Interaction In Catalysis. In: Russo, N., Salahub, D.R. (eds) Metal-Ligand Interactions in Chemistry, Physics and Biology. NATO Science Series, vol 546. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4245-8_3
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4245-8_3
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