Abstract
Intensive monitoring of European rivers allowed a control of the different types and amounts of contaminants. In a river flowing through several countries into a small sea like the North Sea, a reason for monitoring is to obtain knowledge about the source and amount of contamination and to identify responsibilities. Monitoring of rivers is a difficult task because the investigation must be done during day and night and during certain weather events, such as high floods or low water discharges. It must include accidents and normal discharges. Measurements in a river transect requires us to know how the water flows in this sector, while taking samples should allow a calculation of the whole water body. In the case of an accident, it should be possible to analyze the contaminant and trace it back to the source. It is not only the chemical analysis that needs to be monitored, but it must also include ecotoxicological effects and special investigation programs, e.g. the examination of living fish. Monitoring a river is an expensive but necessary way of improving water and sediment quality.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
ARW reports, Annual reports of the working group of the Rhine water works.
Cornelsen, Aktuelle Landkarte (1994) Der Rhein. Oeding Druck und Verlag GmbH, Braunschweig.
Gimbel, R., Gerlach, M. and Mälzer, H.J. (1992) Die Testfiltermethode als Simulationsgrundlage des Störfallverhaltens bei der Untergrundpassage. Dokumentation zum 6. Mülheimer Wassertechnischen Seminar. 6, 126–163.
IKSE, Wassergiitestelle Elbe, Hamburg.
Internationale Kommission zum Schutz der Elbe: Symposium 5 Jahre IKSE (1996) Prag,Magdeburg.
Internationale Kommission zum Schutz des Rheins (1995) Zahlentafeln der physikalisch-chemischen Untersuchungen des Rheinwassers und des Schwebstoffs, IKSR Koblenz.
Lowis, J. and von Danwitz, B. (1996) Early warning monitoring in North Rhinewestphalia, Monitoring Tailor-made II, Nunspeet, The Netherlands.
Schubert, J. and Gotthart, J. (1994) Weiterentwicklung eines Modells zur Simulation des Stoffiransports bei der Uferfiltration, ARW-Jahresbericht. 123–144.
T.G.M. Water Research Institute (1995) Prague: Elbe Project. Results and Outcome, Prague.
van Mazijk, A. (1993) Fließzeit-und Stoffiransportberechnungen am Rhein. 14. Arbeitstagung der IAWR, 123–141.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2000 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Wilken, RD., Knepper, T., Haberer, K. (2000). Early Warning Systems on the Rhine and Elbe in Germany. In: Deininger, R.A., Literathy, P., Bartram, J. (eds) Security of Public Water Supplies. NATO Science Series, vol 66. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4241-0_6
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4241-0_6
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-0-7923-6122-0
Online ISBN: 978-94-011-4241-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive