Abstract
This chapter addresses the questions of control and management of water resources in the Middle East as a problem of unequal ecological exchange and of environmental (in)security. The term ecological distribution refers to the noncommodity environment as a source of human well-being. It turns the focus of political economy to the social, spatial, and temporal asymmetries or inequalities in the nonmarketed use by humans of environmental resources and services (energy, water, wild and agricultural biodiversity, and so on), and to the burdens suffered, such as pollution. The opportunity costs of water resource degradation are now being discussed as one of the key axes of geopolitical conflict and environmental degradation for the 21st century, and nowhere are these tensions as plainly expressed as in Jordan, Israel, and the Palestinian Territories.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Al Tamimi, A. (1992). L’eau et son role dans l’élaboration de la paix au Proche-Orient. Monde Arabe, Maghreb-Machrek, 138.
ANTEA, BRL, & Fonds Français pour l’Environnement Mondial. (1995, Juillet). Schéma directeur indicatif des ressources en eau du bassin du Jourdain. Rapport Principal, Résumé Executive Report, Annexes. Paris.
ANTEA, BRL, & Fonds Français pour l’Environnement Mondial. (1995, July). Guidelines for a master plan for water management in the Jordan River basin. Action Programmes.
ANTEA, BRL, & Fonds Français pour l’Environnement Mondial. (1995, Mars). Schéma directeur indicatif des ressources en eau du bassin du Jourdain. Rapport de Seconde Phase.
Boyce, J. K. (1994). Inequality as a cause of environmental degradation. Ecological Economics, 11, 169–178.
Boyce, J. K. (1996). Ecological distribution, agricultural trade liberalization, and in situ genetic diversity. Journal of Income Distribution, 6(2), 263–284.
Brouwer, R., & O’Connor, M. (1997). Final summary report for the project methodological problems in the calculation of environmentally adjusted national income figure? (Report for the European Commission Directorate-General XII, Contract EV5V-CT94-0363, CBS (Voorburg) and C3ED (Paris)). July.
Cans, R. (1994). La bataille de Veau. Paris: Le Monde.
CEC, French Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Jordan MWI & University of Jordan (1994). Proceedings of the regional seminar (held 21-24 November 1994, in Amman), on Optimization of Water in Agricultur? (financed by the French Embassy in Jordan, the Commission of the European Communities and the Jordanian Ministry of Water and Irrigation, Amman).
Chesnot, C. (1993). La bataille de l’eau au Proche-Orien? Paris: l’Harmattan.
Development Alternatives Inc., United States Agency for International Development, & Jordan Ministry of Water and Irrigation. (1994a, September). Water quality improvement and conservation project: Monitoring network objectives statement.
Development Alternatives Inc., United States Agency for International Development, & Amman Chamber of Industry. (1994b, September). Water quality improvement and conservation project: Industrial audit background paper-potash industry.
Development Alternatives Inc., United States Agency for International Development, & Amman Chamber of Industry. (1994, November). Water quality improvement and conservation project: Reconnaissance visit-Arab chemical detergent industries.
Development Alternatives Inc., United States Agency for International Development, & Amman Chamber of Industry. (1994, December). Water quality improvement and conservation project: Audit report-Jordan sulpho-chemicals company.
Development Alternatives Inc., United States Agency for International Development, & Jordan Ministry of Water and Irrigation. (1995, August). Water quality improvement and conservation project: Water monitoring system upgrade plan.
Development Alternatives Inc., United States Agency for International Development, & Jordan Ministry of Water and Irrigation. (1995, April). Water quality improvement and conservation project: Water monitoring system adequacy report.
Development Alternatives Inc., United States Agency for International Development, & Jordan Ministry of Water and Irrigation. (1996, December). Water quality improvement and conservation project: 1997-98 Annual work plan.
Development Alternatives Inc., United States Agency for International Development, & Jordan Ministry of Water and Irrigation. (1997, January). Water quality improvement and conservation project: 1996 Annual progress report.
Dinar, A., & Wolf, A. T. (1994). Middle-East hydropolitics and equity measures for watersharing agreements. Journal of Social, Political and Economic Studies, 6(1).
Faucheux, S., & O’Connor, M. (Eds.). (1997). Valuation for sustainable development: Methods and policy indicators. Cheltenham: Edward Elgar.
Faber, D. (1993). Environment under fire: Imperialism and the ecological crisis in Central America. New York: Monthly Review Press.
Feitelson, E., & Haddad, M. (1995, December). Joint management of shared aquifer? (Final Report of a joint study by The Palestine Consultancy Group and The Harry S Truman Research Institute for Advancement of Peace at The Hebrew University of Jerusalem). Jerusalem.
Gadgil, M. & Guha, R. (1995). Ecology and equity: The use and abuse of nature in contemporary India. London and New York: Routledge.
Gedeon, R. (1996). The environmental and health aspects of water reuse in Jordan. Paper presented to the Workshop on Wastewater Treatment & Reuse in Jordan, organized by the WAJ in cooperation with the French Embassy in Jordan, held at the Aqaba Gulf Hotel, 3-5 December 1996.
Gedicks, A. (1993). The new resource wars: Native and environmental struggles against multinational corporations. Boston: South End Press.
Goldman, M. (1993, December). Tragedy of the commons or the commoners’ tragedy. CMS, 4(16), 49–68.
Guha, R., & Gadgil, M. (1992). This fissured land: An ecological history of India. Delhi: Oxford.
Hueting, R. (1980). New scarcity and economic growth: More welfare through less production? Amsterdam: North-Holland.
Kapp, K. W. (1983). Social costs, economic development, and environmental disruptio? (edited with an introduction by John Ullman). Lanham: University Press of America.
Kliot, N. (1994). Water resources and conflict in the Middle East. London: Routledge.
Kok, M. T. J. (Ed.). (1996) Proceedings of an international workshop held 18-19 April 1996 on environmental security and sustainable development. Bilthoven, The Netherlands: Dutch National Research Programme on Global Air Pollution and Climate Change.
Latouche, S. (1989). L’occidentalisation du monde. Paris: La Découverte.
Leff, E. (1986). Ecologia y capita? [Ecology and Capital]. Mexico: UNAM. (1995 Englished. Green Production: Towards an Environmental Rationality. New York: Guilford Publications.)
Lonergan, S. C, & Brooks, D. (1994). Watershed: The role of freshwater in the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. Ottawa: IDRC Press.
Lowi, M. R. (1993). Water and power: The politics of a scarce resource in the Jordan River basin. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Lowi, M. R. (1995). Rivers of conflict, rivers of peace. Journal of International Affairs, 49, 138.
Martinez-Alier, J. (1989). Ecological economics and eco-socialism. CNS, 2 (Summer), 109–122. Reprinted as chapter 1 in: M. O’Connor (Ed.). (1994a). Is capitalism sustainable? New York: Guilford Publications.
Martinez-Alier, J. (1995). Political ecology, distributional conflicts and economic incommensurability. New Left Review, 211 (May/June), 70–88.
Martinez-Alier, J., & O’Connor, M. (1996). Ecological and economic distribution conflicts. In R. Costanza, O. Segura, & J. Martinez-Alier (Eds.), Getting down to earth: Practical applications of ecological economic? (pp. 153-184). Washington D.C.: Island Press/ISEE.
Naff, T, & Matson, R. C. (Eds.). (1984). Water in the Middle East: Conflict or cooperation? Boulder, Colorado: Westview Press.
O’Connor, J. (1994). Is sustainable capitalism possible? In M. O’Connor (Ed.), Is capitalism sustainable? (pp. 152-175). New York: Guilford Publications.
O’Connor, M. (1993, June). Le disavventure della natura capitalistica. Capitalismo natura socialismo, Anno Terzo (2), 45–79. English version: (1993, December.) On the misadventures of capitalist nature. Capitalism nature socialis? 4 (3), No. 15, pp.7-40; abridged version reprinted as chapter 7 in O’Connor, M. (Ed.). (1994a). Is capitalism sustainable? Political economy and the politics of ecology. New York: Guilford Publications; Spanish version: 1994. Las desventuras de la naturaleza capitalista. Ecología Política, 7.
O’Connor, M. (1993, December). Value system contests and the appropriation of ecological capital. The Manchester Schoo? 61(4), 398–424.
O’Connor, M., & Martinez-Alier, J. (1997). Ecological distribution and the distribution of sustainability. In S. Faucheux, M. O’Connor, & J. van der Straaten (Eds.), Sustainable development: Concepts, rationalities, and strategie? (chapter 3). Dordrecht: Kluwer.
Office International De L’Eau. (1995). Participation aux activités du groupe de travail multilateral — eau, relatives au “Middle East Water Implementation Plan, ”? compte rendu by Paul Haener of mission in Jordan, 21–25 January 1995, Ministère des Affaires Etrangères, Paris.
Picard, E. (1992). Les problèmes de l’eau au Moyen-Orient, désinformation, crise de gestion et instrumentalisation politique. Monde Arabe, Maghreb-Machrek, 138.
Rees, W. E. (1996, January). Revisiting carrying capacity: Area-based indicators of sustainability. Population and Environment: A Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 17(39).
Rees, W., & Wackernagel, M. (1994). Ecological footprints and appropriated carrying capacity. In A.M. Jansson et. al. (Eds.), Investing in natural capital: The ecological economics approach to sustainability. Covelo, California: ISEE/Island Press.
Salameh, E. (1996). Water quality in Jordan: Impacts on environment, economy and future generations’ resource base. Amman: Friedrich Ebert Foundation and Royal Society for the Conservation of Nature.
Sachs, W. (Ed.). (1993). Global ecology. London: Zed Books.
Wackernagel, M., & Rees, W. E. (1995). Our ecological footprint: Reducing human impact on the earth. Gabriola Island, BC and Philadelphia, PA: New Society Publishers.
Watzman, H. (1997). Left for dead. New Scientist, (February 8), 37–41.
Wolf, A. (1995). Hydropolitics along the Jordan River: Scarce water and its impact on the Arab-Israeli conflict. Tokyo: United Nations University Press.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1999 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Allal, S., O’Connor, M. (1999). Water Resource Distribution and Security in the Jordan-Israel-Palestinian Peace Process. In: Lonergan, S.C. (eds) Environmental Change, Adaptation, and Security. NATO ASI Series, vol 65. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4219-9_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4219-9_7
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-5832-2
Online ISBN: 978-94-011-4219-9
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive